Noyes, Jan «The QWERTY keyboard: a review». International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 18, 3, agost 1988, pàg. 265–281. DOI: 10.1016/S0020-7373(83)80010-8.
Telegraph and Telephone Age, 1921. «I allocated the most frequently used letters in English language to the signals represented by the fewest holes in the perforated tape, and so on in proportion.»