Kenneth Warren Chase. Firearms: a global history to 1700. illustrated. Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. 142. ISBN 0-521-82274-2 [Consulta: 14 desembre 2011]. «The Portuguese spent several years trying to establish formal relations with China, but Melaka had been part of the Chinese tributary system, and the Chinese had found out about the Portuguese attack, making them suspicious. The embassy was formally rejected in 1521.»
Nigel Cameron. Barbarians and mandarins: thirteen centuries of Western travelers in China. Volume 681 of A phoenix book. illustrated, reprint. University of Chicago Press, 1976, p. 143. ISBN 0-226-09229-1 [Consulta: 18 juliol 2011]. «envoy, had most effectively poured out his tale of woe, of deprivation at the hands of the Portuguese in Malacca; and he had backed up the tale with others concerning the reprehensible Portuguese methods in the Moluccas, making the case (quite truthfully) that European trading visits were no more than the prelude to annexation of territory. With the tiny sea power at this time available to the Chinese»
Zhidong Hao. Macau History and Society. illustrated. Hong Kong University Press, 2011, p. 11. ISBN 988-8028-54-5 [Consulta: 14 desembre 2011]. «Pires came as an ambassador to Beijing to negotiate trade terms and settlements with China. He did make it to Beijing, but the mission failed because first, while Pires was in Beijing, the dethroned Sultan of Malacca also sent an envoy to Beijing to complain to the emperor about the Portuguese attack and conquest of Malacca. Malacca was part of China's suzerainty when the Portuguese took it. The Chinese were apparently not happy with what the Portuguese did there.»
Readings on Islam in Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1985, p. 11. ISBN 9971-988-08-9 [Consulta: 18 juliol 2011]. «in China was far from friendly; this, it seems, had something to do with the complaint which the ruler of Malacca, conquered by the Portuguese in 1511, had lodged with the Chinese emperor, his suzerain.»
John Horace Parry. The discovery of the sea. University of California Press, 1 juny 1981, p. 238. ISBN 0-520-04237-9 [Consulta: 14 desembre 2011]. «In 1511 ... Alboquerque himself sailed ... to attack Malacca ... The Sultan of Malacca fled down the coast, to establish himself in the marshes of Johore, whence he sent petitions for redress to his remote suzerain, the Chinese Emperor. These petitions later caused the Portuguese, in their efforts to gain admission to trade at Canton, a great deal of trouble»
John Horace Parry. The discovery of the sea. University of California Press, 1 juny 1981, p. 239. ISBN 0-520-04237-9 [Consulta: 14 desembre 2011]. «When the Portuguese tried to penetrate, in their own ships, to Canton itself, their reception by the Chinese authorities—understandably, in view of their reputation at Malacca—was unwelcoming, and several decades elapsed before they secured a tolerated toehold at Macao.»
Ernest S. Dodge. Islands and Empires: Western Impact on the Pacific and East Asia. Volume 7 of Europe and the World in Age of Expansion. U of Minnesota Press, 1976, p. 226. ISBN 0-8166-0853-9 [Consulta: 18 juliol 2011]. «The inexusable behavior of the Portuguese, combined with the ill-chosen language of the letters which Pires presented to the celestial emperor, supplemented by a warning from the Malay sultan of Bintan, persuaded the Chinese that Pires was indeed up to no good»
Kenneth Scott Latourette. The Chinese, their history and culture, Volumes 1–2. 4, reprint. Macmillan, 1964, p. 235 [Consulta: 18 juliol 2011]. «The Moslem ruler of Malacca, whom they had dispossessed, complained of them to the Chinese authorities. A Portuguese envoy, Pires, who reached Peking in 1520 was treated as a spy, was conveyed by imperial order to Canton»
From the Mediterranean to the China Sea: miscellaneous notes. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1998, p. 179. ISBN 3-447-04098-X [Consulta: 14 desembre 2011]. «Chinese authors have argued, the Malacca-Chinese were not treated too favorably by the Portuguese ... it is generally true that Chinese ships tended to avoid Malacca after 1511, sailing to other ports instead. Presumably these ports were mainly on the east coast of the Malayan peninsula and on Sumatra. Johore, in the deep south of the peninsula, was another place where many Chinese went ... After 1511, many Chinese who were Muslims sided with other Islamic traders against the Portuguese; according to The Malay Annals of Semarang and Cerbon, Chinese settlers living on northern Java even became involved in counter-attacks on Malacca. Javanese vessels were indeed sent out but suffered a disastrous defeat. Demak and Japara alone lost more than seventy sail.»
Peter Borschberg, National University of Singapore. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Fundação Oriente. Peter Borschberg. Iberians in the Singapore-Melaka area and adjacent regions (16th to 18th century). Volume 14 of South China and maritime Asia. illustrated. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 2004, p. 12. ISBN 3-447-05107-8 [Consulta: 14 desembre 2011]. «still others withdrew to continue business with the Javanese, Malays and Gujaratis...When the Islamic world considered counter-attacks against Portuguese Melaka, some Chinese residents may have provided ships and capital. These Chinese had their roots either in Fujian, or else may have been of Muslim descent. This group may have consisted of small factions that fled Champa after the crisis of 1471.»
