Mitchell, Larkin. «Earliest Egyptian Glyphs». Archaeology. Archaeological Institute of America. [Consulta: 29 febrer 2012].
"Because the reverse is not true, namely there is no trace of an Egyptian presence in Mesopotamia at that time, all seems to point to a flow of ideas from Mesopotamia to Egypt." «Earliest Egyptian Glyphs - Archaeology Magazine Archive». archive.archaeology.org.
The seal impressions, from various tombs, date even further back, to 3400 B.C. These dates challenge the commonly held belief that early logographs, pictographic symbols representing a specific place, object, or quantity, first evolved into more complex phonetic symbols in Mesopotamia." Mitchell, Larkin. «Earliest Egyptian Glyphs». Archaeology. Archaeological Institute of America. [Consulta: 29 febrer 2012].
The seal impressions, from various tombs, date even further back, to 3400 B.C. These dates challenge the commonly held belief that early logographs, pictographic symbols representing a specific place, object, or quantity, first evolved into more complex phonetic symbols in Mesopotamia." Mitchell, Larkin. «Earliest Egyptian Glyphs». Archaeology. Archaeological Institute of America. [Consulta: 29 febrer 2012].
Krause, Johannes; Schiffels, Stephan «Ancient Egyptian mummy genomes suggest an increase of Sub-Saharan African ancestry in post-Roman periods» (en anglés). Nature Communications, 8, 30-05-2017, pàg. 15694. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15694. ISSN: 2041-1723. PMC: 5459999. PMID: 28556824.
Grajetzki, Wolfram «Tomb 197 at Abydos, Further Evidence for Long Distance Trade in the Middle Kingdom». Ägypten und Levante / Egypt and the Levant, vol. 24, 2014, pàg. 159–170. DOI: 10.1553/s159. JSTOR: 43553796.
Grajetzki, Wolfram «Tomb 197 at Abydos, Further Evidence for Long Distance Trade in the Middle Kingdom». Ägypten und Levante / Egypt and the Levant, vol. 24, 2014, pàg. 159–170. DOI: 10.1553/s159. JSTOR: 43553796.