«Blockade as Act of War». Crimes of War Project. Arxivat de l'original el 18 de junio de 2012. [Consulta: 1r juliol 2012].
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Pape, Robert A «Why Economic Sanctions Still Do Not Work». International Security, 23, 1, pàg. 66. DOI: 10.2307/2539263. JSTOR: 2539263. «I examined the 40 claimed successes and found that only 5 stand up. Eighteen were actually settled by either direct or indirect use of force; in 8 cases there is no evidence that the target state made the demanded concessions; 6 do not qualify as instances of economic sanctions, and 3 are indeterminate. If I am right, then sanctions have succeeded in only 5 of 115 attempts, and thus there is no sound basis for even qualified optimism about the effects of sanctions.»
Pape, Robert A «Why Economic Sanctions Still Do Not Work». International Security, 23, 1, pàg. 66. DOI: 10.2307/2539263. JSTOR: 2539263. «I examined the 40 claimed successes and found that only 5 stand up. Eighteen were actually settled by either direct or indirect use of force; in 8 cases there is no evidence that the target state made the demanded concessions; 6 do not qualify as instances of economic sanctions, and 3 are indeterminate. If I am right, then sanctions have succeeded in only 5 of 115 attempts, and thus there is no sound basis for even qualified optimism about the effects of sanctions.»
