Clogg, Richard (20. června 2002). A Concise History of Greece. Cambridge University Press. str. 94. ISBN 9780521004794. „Refugees crowded on the waterfront at Smyrna on 13 September 1922 after fire had devastated much of the Greek, Armenian and Prankish [European] quarters of the city which the Turks had called Gavur Izmir or ,Infidel Izmir', so large was its non-Muslim population.“
Abulafia, David (2011). The Great Sea : A Human History of the Mediterranean. New York: Oxford University Press. str. 287. ISBN 9780195323344. Pořízeno 23. února 2014. „As the refugees crowded into the city, massacres, rape and looting, mainly but not exclusively by the irregulars, became the unspoken order of the day... Finally, the streets and houses of Smyrna were soaked in petrol... and on 13 September the city was set alight.“
Hans-Lukas Kieser (26. prosince 2006). Turkey Beyond Nationalism: Towards Post-Nationalist Identities. I.B.Tauris. str. 49–. ISBN 978-1-84511-141-0. „They called Izmir ,Gavur Izmir' (infidel Izmir) because the majority of its population consisted of non- Muslims and Levantines. They could not forget the fact that while a National War of Independence was going on, the minorities living in ...“
Mindie Lazarus-Black; Susan F. Hirsch (12. listopadu 2012). Contested States: Law, Hegemony and Resistance. Routledge. str. 273–. ISBN 978-1-136-04102-0. „Not surprisingly, Smyrna was the most cosmopolitan city in the Levant in the eighteenth century. It was called gavur Izmir (infidel Izmir) because of the prominence of the Christians.“
Muḥammad Ḥusayn Ḥusaynī Farāhānī (1990). A Shi'ite Pilgrimage to Mecca: 1885–1886. Saqi Books. str. 150. ISBN 978-0-86356-356-0. „Its bazaars are mostly covered and have red-tiled roofs. Most of the people of this city are Europeans, Greeks, or Jews. Because the Turks call those outside the religion of Islam ,gavur', [the city] is popularly known as ,Gavur Izmir'.“
„Aya Fotini“. levantineheritage.com. Pořízeno 24. května 2017.
nla.gov.au
trove.nla.gov.au
„Terrible Turk Greek Massacres Tales of Smyrna“. Evening News (17606). New South Wales, Australia. 22. listopadu 1923. str. 11. Pořízeno 16. února 2021 – přes Australskou národní knihovnu.
Coleman, Brian, „George Horton: the literary diplomat“, Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, sv. 30, č. 1, leden 2006, str. 81–93(13). DOI:10.1179/030701306X96618 (subscription required)
