Barbato 2005, s.545: "[...] reasonable doubt as to the accused's guilt [...] the accused's guilt has not been conclusively demonstrated." (med henvisning til Duff 1996, s.6, og Duff 1999, s.193). Duff, Peter (1996). "The Not Proven Verdict: Jury Mythology and 'Moral Panics'". Juridical Review. 41 (1): 1-12. Duff, Peter (1999). "The Scottish Criminal Jury: A Very Peculiar Institution". Law and Contemporary Problems. 62 (2): 173-201. doi:10.2307/1192256.
Chalmers, Leverick & Munro 2021, s.161-162: "[N]ot proven means that the jury believe that the accused is guilty but that the evidence is insufficient for conviction [...] the suggestion being that a not proven verdict may indicate that the jury in fact believes the prosecution case but does not believe that the necessary supporting evidence exists." Chalmers, James; Leverick, Fiona; Munro, Vanessa E. (2021). "A Modern History of the Not Proven Verdict". Edinburgh Law Review. 25 (2): 151-172. doi:10.3366/elr.2021.0692.
