R. Stahlmann: Botulinumtoxine. Deutsche Apothekerzeitung, 34/2012 vom 23. August 2012.
doi.org
Ab 1959 wurden alle Botulinum-Neurotoxin (Typ A-G) produzierenden Clostridien der Art C. botulinum zugerechnet. Phäno- und genotypischer Heterogenitäten innerhalb der Spezies führten 1988 zu Neuklassifizierung der Clostridium-botulinum-Typ-G-Stämme zu der neue Art C. argentinense. Vgl. J.C. Suen et al.: Clostridium argentinense sp.nov.: a genetically homogeneous group composed of all strains of Clostridium botulinum type G and some nontoxigenic strains previously identified as Clostridium subterminale or Clostridium hastiforme. Int. J. Sys. Bacteriol, Band 38 (1988), S. 375–381. doi:10.1099/00207713-38-4-375
H. Bigalke, H. Müller, F. Dreyer: Botulinum A neurotoxin unlike tetanus toxin acts via a neuraminidase sensitive structure. In: Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology. Band 24, Nummer 11–12, 1986, S. 1065–1074, doi:10.1016/0041-0101(86)90133-9, PMID 3564058.
B. R. Levin: The evolution and maintenance of virulence in microparasites. In: Emerging infectious diseases. Band 2, Nummer 2, 1996 Apr-Jun, S. 93–102, doi:10.3201/eid0202.960203, PMID 8903208, PMC 2639826 (freier Volltext).
Giuseppe Merialdi, Mattia Ramini, Giovanni Parolari, Silvana Barbuti, Maria Angela Frustoli: Study on Potential Clostridium Botulinum Growth and Toxin Production in Parma Ham. In: Italian Journal of Food Safety. Band5, Nr.2, 19. April 2016, S.5564, doi:10.4081/ijfs.2016.5564, PMID 27800441, PMC 5076734 (freier Volltext).
Jason R. Barash, Stephen S. Arnon: A Novel Strain of Clostridium botulinum That Produces Type B and Type H Botulinum Toxins. J Infect Dis. (2013), 7. Oktober 2013, doi:10.1093/infdis/jit449.
L. von Berg et al.: Functional detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A to F by monoclonal neoepitope-specific antibodies and suspension array technology. Scientific Reports, Nr. 9 (2019), s. 5531 doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41722-z
Amber Scarlatos, Bruce A. Welt, Brian Y. Cooper, Douglas Archer, Thomas DeMarse, Khe V. Chau: Methods for Detecting Botulinum Toxin with Applicability to Screening Foods Against Biological Terrorist Attacks. In: Journal of Food Science. Band70, Nr.8, 2005, S.121–130, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb11525.x.
J. Wang, J. Meng, M. Nugent, M. Tang, J. O. Dolly: Neuronal entry and high neurotoxicity of botulinum neurotoxin A require its N-terminal binding sub-domain. In: Scientific Reports. Band 7, 03 2017, S. 44474, doi:10.1038/srep44474, PMID 28295026, PMC 5353748 (freier Volltext).
E. Yiannakopoulou: Serious and long-term adverse events associated with the therapeutic and cosmetic use of botulinum toxin. In: Pharmacology. Band 95, Nummer 1–2, 2015, S. 65–69, doi:10.1159/000370245, PMID 25613637 (freier Volltext) (Review).
Andreas Hennenlotter, Christian Dresel, Florian Castrop, Andres O. Ceballos-Baumann, Afra M. Wohlschläger, Bernhard Haslinger: The Link between Facial Feedback and Neural Activity within Central Circuitries of Emotion—New Insights from Botulinum Toxin–Induced Denervation of Frown Muscles. Cereb. Cortex, Band 19, Heft 3, S. 537–542; doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn104.
K. G. Raphael, A. Tadinada u. a.: Osteopenic consequences of botulinum toxin injections in the masticatory muscles: a pilot study. In: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 41, 2014, S. 555, doi:10.1111/joor.12180.
H. Russmann: Toxine. In: Bundesgesundheitsblatt – Gesundheitsforschung – Gesundheitsschutz. Band46, Nr.11, 1. November 2003, S.989–996, doi:10.1007/s00103-003-0716-0.
Das Botulinumtoxin Typ C2 zählt nicht zu den Neurotoxinen. Vgl. Lance Simpson (Hrsg.): Botulinum Neurotoxin and Tetanus Toxin, Academic Press, 1989, S. 7. (eingeschränkte Vorschau in der Google-Buchsuche) da ein anderer Wirkmechanismus besteht. Botulinumtoxin C2 hemmt die Bildung von Actinfilamenten, wodurch das Zellskelett geschädigt wird und actinvermittelte Transportprozesse zum Erliegen kommen.
Martina Kerscher: Dermatokosmetik. Steinkopff Verlag, 2. Auflage, 2009. (eingeschränkte Vorschau in der Google-Buchsuche).
Bernd D. Domres, Andreas Manger, Rainer Wenke, Stefan Brockmann, Mike Kay, Horst Miska: GEMAESS - CBRN-Gefahrenlagen. Hrsg.: Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe e.V. 2010, S.89 (web.archive.org [PDF; 1000kB; abgerufen am 9. August 2021]).
H. Bigalke, H. Müller, F. Dreyer: Botulinum A neurotoxin unlike tetanus toxin acts via a neuraminidase sensitive structure. In: Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology. Band 24, Nummer 11–12, 1986, S. 1065–1074, doi:10.1016/0041-0101(86)90133-9, PMID 3564058.
M. Balls: Botulinum toxin testing in animals: the questions remain unanswered. In: Alternatives to laboratory animals: ATLA. Band 31, Nummer 6, Dezember 2003, S. 611–615, PMID 15560750 (Review).
B. R. Levin: The evolution and maintenance of virulence in microparasites. In: Emerging infectious diseases. Band 2, Nummer 2, 1996 Apr-Jun, S. 93–102, doi:10.3201/eid0202.960203, PMID 8903208, PMC 2639826 (freier Volltext).
J. E. Frampton, S. E. Easthope: Botulinum toxin A (Botox Cosmetic): a review of its use in the treatment of glabellar frown lines. In: American journal of clinical dermatology. Band 4, Nummer 10, 2003, S. 709–725, PMID 14507232 (Review).
Giuseppe Merialdi, Mattia Ramini, Giovanni Parolari, Silvana Barbuti, Maria Angela Frustoli: Study on Potential Clostridium Botulinum Growth and Toxin Production in Parma Ham. In: Italian Journal of Food Safety. Band5, Nr.2, 19. April 2016, S.5564, doi:10.4081/ijfs.2016.5564, PMID 27800441, PMC 5076734 (freier Volltext).
J. Wang, J. Meng, M. Nugent, M. Tang, J. O. Dolly: Neuronal entry and high neurotoxicity of botulinum neurotoxin A require its N-terminal binding sub-domain. In: Scientific Reports. Band 7, 03 2017, S. 44474, doi:10.1038/srep44474, PMID 28295026, PMC 5353748 (freier Volltext).
Anton de Paiva, Frédéric A. Meunier, Jordi Molgó, K. Roger Aoki, J. Oliver Dolly: Functional repair of motor endplates after botulinum neurotoxin type A poisoning: Biphasic switch of synaptic activity between nerve sprouts and their parent terminals. In: PNAS. 1999, Vol. 96, S. 3200–3205. PMID 10077661
E. Yiannakopoulou: Serious and long-term adverse events associated with the therapeutic and cosmetic use of botulinum toxin. In: Pharmacology. Band 95, Nummer 1–2, 2015, S. 65–69, doi:10.1159/000370245, PMID 25613637 (freier Volltext) (Review).
E. P. Sorensen, C. Urman: Cosmetic complications: rare and serious events following botulinum toxin and soft tissue filler administration. In: Journal of drugs in dermatology: JDD. Band 14, Nummer 5, Mai 2015, S. 486–491, PMID 25942667 (Review).
S.E. Maslanka et al.: A novel botulinum toxin, previously reported as serotype H, has a hybrid structure of known serotypes A and F that is neutralized with serotype A antitoxin.J Infect Dis Band 213 (2016) S. 379–85 (online Veröffentlichung im Juni 2015).