Gilbert Joseph Garraghan: The Catholic Church in Chicago, 1673-1871: An Historical Sketch. Loyola University Press, 1921 (Google Books [abgerufen am 16. April 2021]).
James Joseph McGovern: The Life and Writings of the Right Reverend John McMullen, D. D.: First Bishop of Davenport, Iowa. Hoffman brothers, 1888 (Google Books [abgerufen am 16. April 2021]).