References analysis of the Wikipedia article "Krebsnebel" in the German version

archive.org

Crab-Nebel. In: Meyer großes Konversationslexikon. Band 4, 1903, S. 329 (archive.org).

John Herschel: Observations of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars, Made at Slough, with a Twenty-Feet Reflector, between the Years 1825 and 1833. In: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Volume II, 1833, S. 359–505, doi:10.1098/rstl.1833.0021 (digitalisiert, s. Fig. 81).

Isaac Roberts: A Selection of Photographs of Stars, Star-clusters and Nebulae. Volume II. The Universal Press, London 1899, S. 164 (digitalisiert).

doi.org

John G. Bolton, G. J. Stanley, O. B. Slee: Positions of three discrete sources of Galactic radio frequency radiation. In: Nature. Band 164, Nr. 4159, 1949, S. 101–102, doi:10.1038/164101b0, bibcode:1949Natur.164..101B.

R. C. Haymes, D. V. Ellis, G. J. Fishman, J. D. Kurfess, W. H. Tucker: Observation of Gamma Radiation from the Crab Nebula. In: Astrophysical Journal Letters. Band 151, 1968, S. L9–L14, doi:10.1086/180129, bibcode:1968ApJ...151L...9H.

Franco Pacini: Energy Emission from a Neutron Star. In: Nature. Band 216, Nr. 5115, 1967, S. 567–568, doi:10.1038/216567a0, bibcode:1967Natur.216..567P.

Thomas Gold: Rotating Neutron Stars as the Origin of the Pulsating Radio Sources. In: Nature. Band 218, Nr. 5143, 1968, S. 731–732, doi:10.1038/218731a0, bibcode:1968Natur.218..731G.

David H. Staelin, Edward C. Reifenstein, III: Pulsating radio sources near the Crab Nebula. In: Science. Band 162, Nr. 3861, 1968, S. 1481–1483, doi:10.1126/science.162.3861.1481, PMID 17739779, bibcode:1968Sci...162.1481S, JSTOR:1725616.

D. W. Richards, J. A. Roberts: Timing of the Pulsar NP 0527. In: Transactions of the International Astronomical Union. 1971, S. 211–216, doi:10.1017/S0074180900007464.

Brumfiel: Air force had early warning of pulsars. In: Nature. Band 448, Nr. 7157, 2007, S. 974–975, doi:10.1038/448974a, PMID 17728726, bibcode:2007Natur.448..974B.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Rebecca Lin, Marten H. van Kerkwijk, Franz Kirsten , Ue-Li Pen , Adam T. Deller: The Radio Parallax of the Crab Pulsar: A First VLBI Measurement Calibrated with Giant Pulses. In: The Astrophysical Journal. Band 952, Nr. 2, 2023, S. 13 (id.161), bibcode:2023ApJ...952..161L.

Michael F. Bietenholz, Richard L. Nugent: New expansion rate measurements of the Crab Nebula in radio and optical. In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Band 454, Nr. 3, 2015, S. 2416–2422, bibcode:2015MNRAS.454.2416B.

Stephen P. Reynolds, Kazimierz J. Borkowski, Peter H. Gwynne: Expansion and Brightness Changes in the Pulsar-wind Nebula in the Composite Supernova Remnant Kes 75. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 856, Nr. 2, S. 1–12, bibcode:2018ApJ...856..133R.

Michael Hoskin: Rosse, Robinson, and the Resolution of the Nebulae. In: Journal for the History of Astronomy. Band 21, Nr. 4, 1990, S. 331–344, bibcode:1990JHA....21..331H.

Isaac Roberts: Photographs of the Region of the "Crab" Nebula, 1 M. Tauri. In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Band 52, 1892, S. 502, bibcode:1892MNRAS..52..502R.

Roscoe Frank Sanford: Spectrum of the Crab Nebula. In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Band 31, Nr. 180, 1919, S. 108–109, bibcode:1919PASP...31..108S.

Walter Baade: The Crab Nebula. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 96, 1942, S. 188–198, bibcode:1942ApJ....96..188B.

Carl Otto Lampland: Observed Changes in the Structure of the "Crab" Nebula (N. G. C. 1952). In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Band 33, Nr. 192, 1921, S. 79–84, bibcode:1921PASP...33...79L.

John Charles Duncan: Changes Observed in the Crab Nebula in Taurus. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Band 7, Nr. 6, 1921, S. 179–180.1, bibcode:1921PNAS....7..179D.

Knut Lundmark: Suspected New Stars Recorded in Old Chronicles and Among Recent Meridian Observations. In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Band 33, Nr. 195, 1921, S. 225–238, bibcode:1921PASP...33..225L., hier S. 234

Edwin Hubble: Novae or Temporary Stars. In: Astronomical Society of the Pacific Leaflet. Band 1, Nr. 14, 1928, S. 55–58, bibcode:1928ASPL....1...55H.

Nicholas Ulrich Mayall: The Spectrum of the Crab Nebula in Taurus. In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Band 49, Nr. 288, 1937, S. 101–105, bibcode:1937PASP...49..101M.

Walter Baade: The Absolute Photographic Magnitude of Supernovae. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 88, 1938, S. 285–304, bibcode:1938ApJ....88..285B.

Walter Baade, Fritz Zwicky: On Super-novae. In: Contributions from the Mount Wilson Observatory. Band 3, 1934, S. 73–78, bibcode:1934CoMtW...3...73B.

Walter Baade, Fritz Zwicky: Cosmic Rays from Super-novae. In: Contributions from the Mount Wilson Observatory. Band 3, 1934, S. 79–83, bibcode:1934CoMtW...3...79B.

Rudolph Minkowski: The Crab Nebula. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 96, 1942, S. 199–213, bibcode:1942ApJ....96..199M.

Rudolph Minkowski: The Spectra of the Supernovae in IC 4182 and in NGC 1003. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 89, 1939, S. 156–217, bibcode:1939ApJ....89..156M.

Roger A. Chevalier: Was SN 1054 A Type II Supernova? 1977, S. 53–61, bibcode:1977ASSL...66...53C.

F.S. Kitaura, H.-Th. Janka, W. Hillebrandt: Explosions of O-Ne-Mg Cores, the Crab Supernova, and Subluminous Type II-P Supernovae. In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. Band 450, Nr. 1, 2006, S. 345–350, bibcode:2006A&A...450..345K.

Nathan Smith: The Crab Nebula and the class of Type IIn-P supernovae caused by sub-energetic electron capture explosions. In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Band 434, Nr. 1, 2013, S. 102–113, bibcode:2013MNRAS.434..102S.

Takashi J. Moriya, Nozomu Tominaga, Norbert Langer, Ken’ichi Nomoto, Sergei I. Blinnikov, Elena I. Sorokina: Electron-capture supernovae exploding within their progenitor wind. In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. Band 569, 2014, S. 1–8, bibcode:2014A&A...569A..57M.

J. G. Bolton, G. J. Stanley: The Position and Probable Identification of the Source of the Galactic Radio-Frequency Radiation Taurus-A. In: Australian Journal of Scientific Research A. Band 2, 1949, S. 139–148, bibcode:1949AuSRA...2..139B.

Hannes Alfvén, Nicolai Herlofson: Cosmic Radiation and Radio Stars. In: Physical Review. Band 78, Nr. 5, 1950, S. 616, bibcode:1950PhRv...78..616A.

Jan Hendrik Oort, Theodore Walraven: Polarization and composition of the Crab nebula. In: Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands. Band 12, S. 285–308, bibcode:1956BAN....12..285O.

J. H. Piddington: The Crab Nebula and the Origin of Interstellar Magnetic Fields. In: Australian Journal of Physics. Band 10, 1957, S. 530–546, bibcode:1957AuJPh..10..530P.

S. Bowyer, E. T. Byram, T. A. Chubb, H. Friedman: X-ray Sources in the Galaxy. In: Nature. Band 201, Nr. 4926, 1964, S. 1307–1308, bibcode:1964Natur.201.1307B.

Lodewijk Woltjer: X-Rays and Type I Supernova Remnants. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 140, 1964, S. 1309–1313, bibcode:1964ApJ...140.1309W.

J. E. Grindlay: Very high-energy gamma ray astronomy. In: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The Structure and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays. 1977, S. 81–98, bibcode:1977NASCP...2...81G.

M. Amenomori: First Detection of Photons with Energy Beyond 100 TeV from an Astrophysical Source. In: Physical Review Letters. Band 123, Nr. 5, 2019, S. 051101, arxiv:1906.05521, bibcode:2019PhRvL.123e1101A.

Lhaaso Collaboration et al.: Peta-electron volt gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula. In: Science. Band 373, 2021, S. 425–430, bibcode:2021Sci...373..425L.

Franco Pacini: Energy Emission from a Neutron Star. In: Nature. Band 216, Nr. 5115, 1967, S. 567–568, doi:10.1038/216567a0, bibcode:1967Natur.216..567P.

Thomas Gold: Rotating Neutron Stars as the Origin of the Pulsating Radio Sources. In: Nature. Band 218, Nr. 5143, 1968, S. 731–732, doi:10.1038/218731a0, bibcode:1968Natur.218..731G.

Jeremiah P. Ostriker, James E. Gunn: On the Nature of Pulsars. I. Theory. In: The Astrophysical Journal. Band 157, September 1969, S. 1395–1417, bibcode:1969ApJ...157.1395O.

W. J. Cocke, M. J. Disney, D. J. Taylor: Discovery of Optical Signals from Pulsar NP 0532. In: Nature. Band 221, Nr. 5180, 1969, S. 525–527, bibcode:1969Natur.221..525C.

G. Fritz, R. C. Henry, J. F. Meekins, T. A. Chubb, H. Friedmann: X-ray Pulsar in the Crab Nebula. In: Science. Band 164, Nr. 3880, 1969, S. 709–712, bibcode:1969Sci...164..709F.

Y. J. Du, G. J. Qiao, W. Wang: Radio-to-TeV Phase-resolved Emission from the Crab Pulsar: The Annular Gap Model. In: The Astrophysical Journal. Band 748, Nr. 2, 2012, S. 1–12, bibcode:2012ApJ...748...84D.

I. R. Linscott, T. H. Hankins: High Frequency Observations of Giant Pulses from the Crab Pulsar. In: Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. Band 12, 1980, S. 820, bibcode:1980BAAS...12..820L.

S. C. Lundgren, J. M. Cordes, M. Ulmer, S. M. Matz, S. Lomatch, R. S. Foster, T. Hankins: Giant Pulses from the Crab Pulsar: A Joint Radio and Gamma-Ray Study. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 453, 1995, S. 433–445, bibcode:1995ApJ...453..433L.

T. H. Hankins, J. S. Kern, J. C. Weatherall, J. A. Eilek: Nanosecond radio bursts from strong plasma turbulence in the Crab pulsar. In: Nature. 2003, S. 141–143, bibcode:2003Natur.422..141H.

Axel Jessner, Mikhail V. Popov, Vladislav I. Kondratiev, Yuri Y. Kovalev, Dave Graham, Anton Zensus, Vladimir A. Soglasnov, Anna V. Bilous, Olga A. Moshkina: Giant pulses with nanosecond time resolution detected from the Crab pulsar at 8.5 and 15.1 GHz. In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. Band 524, 2010, S. 1–13, bibcode:2010A&A...524A..60J.

Wallace Hampton Tucker: Rotating Neutron Stars, Pulsars and Cosmic X-Ray Sources. In: Nature. Band 223, Nr. 5212, 1969, S. 1250–1252, bibcode:1969Natur.223.1250T.

Martin John Rees, James Edward Gunn: The origin of the magnetic field and relativistic particles in the Crab Nebula. In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Band 167, 1974, S. 1–12, bibcode:1974MNRAS.167....1R.

R. Bühler, R. Blandford: The surprising Crab pulsar and its nebula: a review. In: Reports on Progress in Physics. Band 77, Nr. 6, 2014, bibcode:2014RPPh...77f6901B.

G. Benford: Magnetically ordered jets from pulsars. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 282, 1984, S. 154–160, bibcode:1984ApJ...282..154B.

J. Jeff Hester, Paul A. Scowen, Ravi Sankrit, Christopher J. Burrows, John S. Gallagher, Jon A. Holtzman, Alan Watson, John T. Trauger, Gilda E. Ballester, Stefano Casertano, John T. Clarke, David Crisp, Robin W. Evans, Richard E. Griffiths, John G. Hoessel, John Krist, Roger Lynds, Jeremy R. Mould, J. Earl Jr. O’Neil, Karl R. Stapelfeldt, James A. Westphal: WFPC2 Studies of the Crab Nebula. I. HST and ROSAT Imaging of the Synchrotron Nebula. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 448, 1995, S. 240–263, bibcode:1995ApJ...448..240H.

M. Bejger, P. Haensel: Moments of inertia for neutron and strange stars. Limits derived for the Crab pulsar. In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. Band 396, 2002, S. 917–921, bibcode:2002A&A...396..917B.

J. J. Hester, P. A. Scowen, R. Sankrit, F. C. Michel, J. R. Graham, A. Watson, J. S. Gallagher: The Extremely Dynamic Structure of the Inner Crab Nebula. In: Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. Band 28, 1996, S. 950, bibcode:1996AAS...188.7502H.

Donald E. Osterbrock: Electron Densities in the Filaments of the Crab Nebula. In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Band 69, Nr. 408, 1957, S. 227–230, bibcode:1957PASP...69..227O.

R. A. Fesen, R. P. Kirshner: The Crab Nebula. I – Spectrophotometry of the filaments. In: Astrophysical Journal. Nr. 258, 1982, S. 1–10, bibcode:1982ApJ...258....1F.

Russell Kulsrud, Ira B. Bernstein, Martin Krusdal, Jerome Fanucci, Nathan Ness: On the Explosion of a Supernova Into the Interstellar Magnetic Field. II. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 142, 1965, S. 491–506, bibcode:1965ApJ...142..491K.

M. F. Bietenholz, P. P. Kronberg, D. E. Hogg, A. S. Wilson: The expansion of the Crab Nebula. In: Astrophysical Journal Letters. Band 373, 1991, S. L59–L62, bibcode:1991ApJ...373L..59B.

Virginia Trimble: Motions and Structure of the Filamentary Envelope of the Crab Nebula. In: Astronomical Journal. Band 73, 1968, S. 535–547, bibcode:1968AJ.....73..535T.

M. Bejger, P. Haensel: Accelerated expansion of the Crab Nebula and evaluation of its neutron-star parameters. In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. Band 405, 2003, S. 747–751, bibcode:2003A&A...405..747B.

R. A. Fesen, J. M. Shull, A. P. Hurford: An Optical Study of the Circumstellar Environment Around the Crab Nebula. In: Astronomical Journal. Band 113, 1997, S. 354–363, bibcode:1997AJ....113..354F.

K. Davidson, R. A. Fesen: Recent developments concerning the Crab Nebula. In: Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 23. Jahrgang, 1985, S. 119–146, bibcode:1985ARA&A..23..119D.

D. A. Frail, N. E. Kassim, T. J. Cornwell, W. M. Goss: Does the Crab Have a Shell? In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 454, 1995, S. L129–L132, bibcode:1995ApJ...454L.129F.

P. J. Owen, M. J. Barlow: The Dust and Gas Content of the Crab Nebula. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 801, Nr. 2, 2015, S. 1–13, bibcode:2015ApJ...801..141O.

I. De Looze, M. J. Barlow, R. Bandiera, A. Bevan, M. F. Bietenholz, H. Chawner, H. L. Gomez, M. Matsuura, F. Priestley, R. Wesson: The dust content of the Crab Nebula. In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Band 488, Nr. 1, S. 164–182, bibcode:2019MNRAS.488..164D.

Adam R. Sibley, Andrea M. Katz, Timothy J. Satterfield, Steven J. Vanderveer, Gordon M. MacAlpine: Element Masses in the Crab Nebula. In: Astronomical Journal. Band 152, Nr. 4, 2016, S. 1–7, bibcode:2016AJ....152...93S.

Virginia Trimble: The Distance to the Crab Nebula and NP 0532. In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Band 85, 1973, S. 579–585, bibcode:1973PASP...85..579T.

D. L. Kaplan, S. Chatterjee, B. M. Gaensler, J. Anderson: A Precise Proper Motion for the Crab Pulsar, and the Difficulty of Testing Spin-Kick Alignment for Young Neutron Stars. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 677, Nr. 2, 2008, S. 1201–1215, bibcode:2008ApJ...677.1201K.

Morgan Fraser, Douglas Boubert: The Quick and the Dead: Finding the Surviving Binary Companions of Galactic Supernovae with Gaia. In: Astrophysical Journal. Band 871, Nr. 1, 2019, bibcode:2019ApJ...871...92F.

John Antoniadis: Gaia Pulsars and Where to Find Them in EDR3. In: Research Notes of the AAS. Band 4, Nr. 12, 2020, bibcode:2020RNAAS...4..223A.

T. M. Palmieri, F. D. Seward, A. Toor, T. C. van Flandern: Spatial distribution of X-rays in the Crab Nebula. In: Astrophysical Journal. 202. Jahrgang, 1975, S. 494–497, bibcode:1975ApJ...202..494P.

W. C. Erickson: The Radio-Wave Scattering Properties of the Solar Corona. In: Astrophysical Journal. 139. Jahrgang, 1964, S. 1290–1311, bibcode:1964ApJ...139.1290E.

K. Mori, H. Tsunemi, H. Katayama, D. N. Burrows, G. P. Garmire, A. E. Metzger: An X-Ray Measurement of Titan’s Atmospheric Extent from Its Transit of the Crab Nebula. In: Astrophysical Journal. 607. Jahrgang, 2004, S. 1065–1069, bibcode:2004ApJ...607.1065M. Dazugehörige Aufnahmen des Chandra-Weltraumteleskops.

Brumfiel: Air force had early warning of pulsars. In: Nature. Band 448, Nr. 7157, 2007, S. 974–975, doi:10.1038/448974a, PMID 17728726, bibcode:2007Natur.448..974B.

chandra.harvard.edu

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Brumfiel: Air force had early warning of pulsars. In: Nature. Band 448, Nr. 7157, 2007, S. 974–975, doi:10.1038/448974a, PMID 17728726, bibcode:2007Natur.448..974B.

web.archive.org

Vesto Melvin Slipher: Spectrographic Observations of Nebulae and Star Clusters. In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Band 28, 1916, S. 191–192.Digitalisiert (Memento vom 13. März 2016 im Internet Archive)

David H. Staelin, Edward C. Reifenstein, III: Pulsating Radio Sources near Crab Nebula. In: International Astronomical Union Circulars. Nr. 2110, 1968 (archive.org).

R. V. E. Lovelace, J. M. Sutton, H. D. Craft Jr.: Pulsar NP 0532 near Crab nebula. In: International Astronomical Union Circulars. Nr. 2113, 1968 (archive.org, s. S. 4 [PDF]).

D. Richards: NP 0532. In: International Astronomical Union Circulars. Nr. 2114, 1968 (archive.org).

Matthew J. Bester, Matteo J. Pari: Determination of the Distance to the Crab Nebula. In: Journal of Undergraduate Sciences. 1996, S. 57–62 (archive.org [PDF]).

Krebsnebel (German Wikipedia)

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