James C. Hickman (1974): Pollination by Ants: A Low-Energy System. Science 21 Vol. 184 no. 4143: 1290-1292. doi:10.1126/science.184.4143.1290
J. M. Gómez & R. Zamora (1992): Pollination by ants: consequences of the quantitative effects on a mutualistic system. Oecologia Volume 91, Number 3: 410-418, doi:10.1007/BF00317631
R. Peakall, A.J. Beattie, S.H. James (1987): Pseudocopulation of an orchid by male ants: a test of two hypotheses accounting for the rarity of ant pollination. Oecologia Volume 73, Number 4: 522-524, doi:10.1007/BF00379410