Francis C.W.· Kaplan K.L. (2006). «Chapter 21. Principles of Antithrombotic Therapy». Στο: Lichtman M.A.· Beutler E.· Kipps T.J. Williams Hematology (7η έκδοση). ISBN978-0-07-143591-8. Αρχειοθετήθηκε από το πρωτότυπο στις 10 Απριλίου 2008.
Nader, H.B.; Chavante, S.F.; Dos-Santos, E.A.; Oliveira, F.W.; De-Paiva, J.F.; Jerônimo, S.M.B.; Medeiros, G.F.; De-Abreu, L.R.D. και άλλοι. (1999). «Heparan sulfates and heparins: similar compounds performing the same functions in vertebrates and invertebrates?». Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res.32 (5): 529–538. doi:10.1590/S0100-879X1999000500005. PMID10412563.
Agnelli G.; Piovella F.; Buoncristiani P., et.al. (1998). «Enoxaparin plus compression stockings compared with compression stockings alone in the prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective neurosurgery». N Engl J Med339 (2): 80–5. doi:10.1056/NEJM199807093390204. PMID9654538.
Chuang Y.J.; Swanson R., et al. (2001). «Heparin enhances the specificity of antithrombin for thrombin and factor Xa independent of the reactive center loop sequence. Evidence for an exosite determinant of factor Xa specificity in heparin-activated antithrombin». J. Biol. Chem.276 (18): 14961–14971. doi:10.1074/jbc.M011550200. PMID11278930.
Weitz D.S., Weitz J.I.; Weitz (2010). «Update on heparin: what do we need to know?». Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis29 (2): 199–207. doi:10.1007/s11239-009-0411-6. PMID19882363.
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Warda M.; Gouda E.M., et al. (2003). «Isolation and characterization of raw heparin from dromedary intestine: evaluation of a new source of pharmaceutical heparin». Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol.136 (4): 357–365. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2003.10.009. PMID15012907.
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Dietrich C.P.; Paiva J.F., et al. (1999). «Structural features and anticoagulant activities of a novel natural low-molecular-weight heparin from the shrimp Penaeus brasiliensis». Biochim. Biophys. Acta1428 (2–3): 273–283. doi:10.1016/S0304-4165(99)00087-2. PMID10434045.
Medeiros G.F.; Mendes; A., et al. (2000). «Distribution of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the animal kingdom: widespread occurrence of heparin-like compounds in invertebrates». Biochim. Biophys. Acta1475 (3): 287–294. doi:10.1016/S0304-4165(00)00079-9. PMID10913828.
Chuang W., Christ M.D., Peng J., Rabenstein D.L.; Christ; Peng; Rabenstein (2000). «An NMR and molecular modeling study of the site-specific binding of histamine by heparin, chemically modified heparin, and heparin-derived oligosacchrides». Biochemistry39 (13): 3542–3555. doi:10.1021/bi9926025. PMID10736153.
Nader, H.B.; Chavante, S.F.; Dos-Santos, E.A.; Oliveira, F.W.; De-Paiva, J.F.; Jerônimo, S.M.B.; Medeiros, G.F.; De-Abreu, L.R.D. και άλλοι. (1999). «Heparan sulfates and heparins: similar compounds performing the same functions in vertebrates and invertebrates?». Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res.32 (5): 529–538. doi:10.1590/S0100-879X1999000500005. PMID10412563.
Agnelli G.; Piovella F.; Buoncristiani P., et.al. (1998). «Enoxaparin plus compression stockings compared with compression stockings alone in the prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective neurosurgery». N Engl J Med339 (2): 80–5. doi:10.1056/NEJM199807093390204. PMID9654538.
Chuang Y.J.; Swanson R., et al. (2001). «Heparin enhances the specificity of antithrombin for thrombin and factor Xa independent of the reactive center loop sequence. Evidence for an exosite determinant of factor Xa specificity in heparin-activated antithrombin». J. Biol. Chem.276 (18): 14961–14971. doi:10.1074/jbc.M011550200. PMID11278930.
Weitz D.S., Weitz J.I.; Weitz (2010). «Update on heparin: what do we need to know?». Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis29 (2): 199–207. doi:10.1007/s11239-009-0411-6. PMID19882363.
«Conformer populations of L-iduronic acid residues in glycosaminoglycan sequences». Carbohydr. Res.195 (2): 157–167. 1990. doi:10.1016/0008-6215(90)84164-P. PMID2331699.
Shaya D.; Tocilj A., et al. (2006). «Crystal structure of heparinase II from Pedobacter heparinus and its complex with a disaccharide product». J. Biol. Chem.281 (22): 15525–15535. doi:10.1074/jbc.M512055200. PMID16565082.
Linhardt R.J.; Turnbull J.E., et al. (1990). «Examination of the substrate specificity of heparin and heparan sulfate lyases». Biochemistry29 (10): 2611–2617. doi:10.1021/bi00462a026. PMID2334685.
Desai U.R.; Wang H.M.; Linhardt R.J. (1993). «Specificity studies on the heparin lyases from Flavobacterium heparinum». Biochemistry32 (32): 8140–8145. doi:10.1021/bi00083a012. PMID8347612.
Shively J.E., Conrad H.E.; Conrad (1976). «Formation of anhydrosugars in the chemical depolymerization of heparin». Biochemistry15 (18): 3932–3942. doi:10.1021/bi00663a005. PMID9127.
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Warda M.; Gouda E.M., et al. (2003). «Isolation and characterization of raw heparin from dromedary intestine: evaluation of a new source of pharmaceutical heparin». Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol.136 (4): 357–365. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2003.10.009. PMID15012907.
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Linhardt R.J.; Ampofo S.A., et al. (1992). «Isolation and characterization of human heparin». Biochemistry31 (49): 12441–12445. doi:10.1021/bi00164a020. PMID1463730.
Pejler G.; Danielsson A., et al. (1987). «Structure and antithrombin-binding properties of heparin isolated from the clams Anomalocardia brasiliana and Tivela mactroides». J. Biol. Chem.262 (24): 11413–11421. PMID3624220.
Dietrich C.P.; Paiva J.F., et al. (1999). «Structural features and anticoagulant activities of a novel natural low-molecular-weight heparin from the shrimp Penaeus brasiliensis». Biochim. Biophys. Acta1428 (2–3): 273–283. doi:10.1016/S0304-4165(99)00087-2. PMID10434045.
Medeiros G.F.; Mendes; A., et al. (2000). «Distribution of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the animal kingdom: widespread occurrence of heparin-like compounds in invertebrates». Biochim. Biophys. Acta1475 (3): 287–294. doi:10.1016/S0304-4165(00)00079-9. PMID10913828.
Chuang W., Christ M.D., Peng J., Rabenstein D.L.; Christ; Peng; Rabenstein (2000). «An NMR and molecular modeling study of the site-specific binding of histamine by heparin, chemically modified heparin, and heparin-derived oligosacchrides». Biochemistry39 (13): 3542–3555. doi:10.1021/bi9926025. PMID10736153.
Francis C.W.· Kaplan K.L. (2006). «Chapter 21. Principles of Antithrombotic Therapy». Στο: Lichtman M.A.· Beutler E.· Kipps T.J. Williams Hematology (7η έκδοση). ISBN978-0-07-143591-8. Αρχειοθετήθηκε από το πρωτότυπο στις 10 Απριλίου 2008.