Parsons, Tom; Toda, Shinji; Stein, Ross S.; Barka, Aykut; Dieterich, James H. (2000). «Heightened Odds of Large Earthquakes Near Istanbul: An Interaction-Based Probability Calculation». Science (Washington, D.C.: The American Association for the Advancement of Science) 288 (5466): 661–5. doi:10.1126/science.288.5466.661. PMID10784447. Bibcode: 2000Sci...288..661P.
Parsons, Tom; Toda, Shinji; Stein, Ross S.; Barka, Aykut; Dieterich, James H. (2000). «Heightened Odds of Large Earthquakes Near Istanbul: An Interaction-Based Probability Calculation». Science (Washington, D.C.: The American Association for the Advancement of Science) 288 (5466): 661–5. doi:10.1126/science.288.5466.661. PMID10784447. Bibcode: 2000Sci...288..661P.
ibb.gov.tr
«İstanbul İl ve İlçe Alan Bilgileri» [Istanbul Province and District Area Information] (στα Τουρκικά). Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Ανακτήθηκε στις 20 Ιουνίου 2010.
Names of İstanbul. Δημοκρατία της Τουρκίας, Υπουργείο Πολιτισμού και Τουρισμού, «…in official correspondence and on coins the Turkish transcription of 'Konstantinoupolis', 'Konstantiniye' was used. Although the use of the name 'Konstantiniye' was prohibited...during the republican period.»
«The Topography of İstanbul». Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Ανακτήθηκε στις 19 Ιουνίου 2012.
Parsons, Tom; Toda, Shinji; Stein, Ross S.; Barka, Aykut; Dieterich, James H. (2000). «Heightened Odds of Large Earthquakes Near Istanbul: An Interaction-Based Probability Calculation». Science (Washington, D.C.: The American Association for the Advancement of Science) 288 (5466): 661–5. doi:10.1126/science.288.5466.661. PMID10784447. Bibcode: 2000Sci...288..661P.
