«Romantic love: a mammalian brain system for mate choice». Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci.361 (1476): 2173–86. December 2006. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1938. PMID17118931. «The sex drive evolved to motivate individuals to seek a range of mating partners; attraction evolved to motivate individuals to prefer and pursue specific partners; and attachment evolved to motivate individuals to remain together long enough to complete species-specific parenting duties. These three behavioural repertoires appear to be based on brain systems that are largely distinct yet interrelated, and they interact in specific ways to orchestrate reproduction, using both hormones and monoamines. ... Animal studies indicate that elevated activity of dopaminergic pathways can stimulate a cascade of reactions, including the release of testosterone and oestrogen (Wenkstern et al. 1993; Kawashima &Takagi 1994; Ferrari & Giuliana 1995; Hull et al. 1995, 1997, 2002; Szezypka et al. 1998; Wersinger & Rissman 2000). Likewise, increasing levels of testosterone and oestrogen promote dopamine release ...This positive relationship between elevated activity of central dopamine, elevated sex steroids and elevated sexual arousal and sexual performance (Herbert 1996; Fiorino et al. 1997; Liu et al. 1998; Pfaff 2005) also occurs in humans (Walker et al. 1993; Clayton et al. 2000; Heaton 2000). ... This parental attachment system has been associated with the activity of the neuropeptides, oxytocin (OT) in the nucleus accumbens and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the ventral pallidum ... The activities of central oxytocin and vasopressin have been associated with both partner preference and attachment behaviours, while dopaminergic pathways have been associated more specifically with partner preference.».
«Comparing the relative amount of testosterone required to restore sexual arousal, motivation, and performance in male rats». Horm Behav59 (5): 666–73. May 2011. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.09.009. PMID20920505.
«Testosterone for low libido in postmenopausal women not taking estrogen». N. Engl. J. Med.359 (19): 2005–17. November 2008. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0707302. PMID18987368.
«Sexual desire, sexual arousal and hormonal differences in premenopausal US and Dutch women with and without low sexual desire». Horm. Behav.59 (5): 772–779. May 2011. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.03.013. PMID21514299.
«Combined esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone versus esterified estrogens alone in the treatment of loss of sexual interest in surgically menopausal women». Menopause12 (4): 359–60. 2005. doi:10.1097/01.GME.0000153933.50860.FD. PMID16037752.
«Incidence of sexual side effects in refractory depression during treatment with citalopram or paroxetine». The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry66 (1): 100–6. January 2005. doi:10.4088/JCP.v66n0114. PMID15669895.
«Romantic love: a mammalian brain system for mate choice». Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci.361 (1476): 2173–86. December 2006. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1938. PMID17118931. «The sex drive evolved to motivate individuals to seek a range of mating partners; attraction evolved to motivate individuals to prefer and pursue specific partners; and attachment evolved to motivate individuals to remain together long enough to complete species-specific parenting duties. These three behavioural repertoires appear to be based on brain systems that are largely distinct yet interrelated, and they interact in specific ways to orchestrate reproduction, using both hormones and monoamines. ... Animal studies indicate that elevated activity of dopaminergic pathways can stimulate a cascade of reactions, including the release of testosterone and oestrogen (Wenkstern et al. 1993; Kawashima &Takagi 1994; Ferrari & Giuliana 1995; Hull et al. 1995, 1997, 2002; Szezypka et al. 1998; Wersinger & Rissman 2000). Likewise, increasing levels of testosterone and oestrogen promote dopamine release ...This positive relationship between elevated activity of central dopamine, elevated sex steroids and elevated sexual arousal and sexual performance (Herbert 1996; Fiorino et al. 1997; Liu et al. 1998; Pfaff 2005) also occurs in humans (Walker et al. 1993; Clayton et al. 2000; Heaton 2000). ... This parental attachment system has been associated with the activity of the neuropeptides, oxytocin (OT) in the nucleus accumbens and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the ventral pallidum ... The activities of central oxytocin and vasopressin have been associated with both partner preference and attachment behaviours, while dopaminergic pathways have been associated more specifically with partner preference.».
«Comparing the relative amount of testosterone required to restore sexual arousal, motivation, and performance in male rats». Horm Behav59 (5): 666–73. May 2011. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.09.009. PMID20920505.
«Testosterone for low libido in postmenopausal women not taking estrogen». N. Engl. J. Med.359 (19): 2005–17. November 2008. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0707302. PMID18987368.
«Sexual desire, sexual arousal and hormonal differences in premenopausal US and Dutch women with and without low sexual desire». Horm. Behav.59 (5): 772–779. May 2011. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.03.013. PMID21514299.
«Combined esterified estrogens and methyltestosterone versus esterified estrogens alone in the treatment of loss of sexual interest in surgically menopausal women». Menopause12 (4): 359–60. 2005. doi:10.1097/01.GME.0000153933.50860.FD. PMID16037752.
«Incidence of sexual side effects in refractory depression during treatment with citalopram or paroxetine». The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry66 (1): 100–6. January 2005. doi:10.4088/JCP.v66n0114. PMID15669895.
pubmedcentral.nih.gov
«Romantic love: a mammalian brain system for mate choice». Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci.361 (1476): 2173–86. December 2006. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1938. PMID17118931. «The sex drive evolved to motivate individuals to seek a range of mating partners; attraction evolved to motivate individuals to prefer and pursue specific partners; and attachment evolved to motivate individuals to remain together long enough to complete species-specific parenting duties. These three behavioural repertoires appear to be based on brain systems that are largely distinct yet interrelated, and they interact in specific ways to orchestrate reproduction, using both hormones and monoamines. ... Animal studies indicate that elevated activity of dopaminergic pathways can stimulate a cascade of reactions, including the release of testosterone and oestrogen (Wenkstern et al. 1993; Kawashima &Takagi 1994; Ferrari & Giuliana 1995; Hull et al. 1995, 1997, 2002; Szezypka et al. 1998; Wersinger & Rissman 2000). Likewise, increasing levels of testosterone and oestrogen promote dopamine release ...This positive relationship between elevated activity of central dopamine, elevated sex steroids and elevated sexual arousal and sexual performance (Herbert 1996; Fiorino et al. 1997; Liu et al. 1998; Pfaff 2005) also occurs in humans (Walker et al. 1993; Clayton et al. 2000; Heaton 2000). ... This parental attachment system has been associated with the activity of the neuropeptides, oxytocin (OT) in the nucleus accumbens and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the ventral pallidum ... The activities of central oxytocin and vasopressin have been associated with both partner preference and attachment behaviours, while dopaminergic pathways have been associated more specifically with partner preference.».
Roy F. Baumeister, Kathleen R. Catanese, and Kathleen D. Vohs. «Is There a Gender Difference in Strength of Sex Drive? Theoretical Views, Conceptual Distinctions, and a Review of Relevant Evidence». Department of Psychology Case Western Reserve University (Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.). http://assets.csom.umn.edu/assets/71520.pdf. «All the evidence we have reviewed points toward the conclusion that men desire sex more than women. Although some of the findings were more methodologically rigorous than others, the unanimous convergence across all measures and findings increases confidence. We did not find a single study, on any of nearly a dozen different measures, that found women had a stronger sex drive than men. We think that the combined quantity, quality, diversity, and convergence of the evidence render the conclusion indisputable»
