Bryan Ward-Perkins· Michael Whitby (2000). The Cambridge ancient history. 14: Late antiquity: empire and successors, A.D. 425–600. Cambridge University Press. σελ. 692. ISBN9780521325912.
Power, Edmond (1913). «The Prehistory of Islam». Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review (Messenger Publications) 2 (7): 204–221. https://www.jstor.org/stable/30082945. Ανακτήθηκε στις 10 May 2021. «The Persians were soon to discover their fatal mistake in not continuing to govern Arabs by Arabs when they sustained a crushing defeat from the nomad army of the Bakr tribes at the battle of Dhu Qar about 610 AD This victory roused the self-consciousness of the Arabs.».