Χρονολόγιο της ανθρώπινης εξέλιξης (Greek Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Χρονολόγιο της ανθρώπινης εξέλιξης" in Greek language version.

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archive.org

Diamond, Jared (1992). The Third Chimpanzee. Harper Perennial. σελίδες 47–57. ISBN 978-0-060-98403-8.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Rincon, Paul. «Neanderthal genes 'survive in us'». BBC News (BBC). http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/8660940.stm.

berkeley.edu

ucmp.berkeley.edu

"Proterospongia is a rare freshwater protist, a colonial member of the Choanoflagellata." "Proterospongia itself is not the ancestor of sponges. However, it serves as a useful model for what the ancestor of sponges and other metazoans may have been like." http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/protista/proterospongia.html Αρχειοθετήθηκε 2010-11-04 στο Wayback Machine. Berkeley University
These first vertebrates lacked jaws, like the living hagfish and lampreys. Jawed vertebrates appeared 100 million years later, in the Silurian. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/vertintro.html Αρχειοθετήθηκε 2011-04-12 στο Wayback Machine. Berkeley University

cnn.com

"Rubin also said analysis so far suggests human and Neanderthal DNA are some 99.5 percent to nearly 99.9 percent identical." Neanderthal bone gives DNA clues Αρχειοθετήθηκε 2006-11-18 στο Wayback Machine. (URL accessed on November 16, 2006)

doi.org

dx.doi.org

White, Tim D.; Asfaw, Berhane; Beyene, Yonas; Haile-Selassie, Yohannes; Lovejoy, C. Owen; Suwa, Gen; WoldeGabriel, Giday (2009). «Ardipithecus ramidus and the Paleobiology of Early Hominids.». Science 326 (5949): 75–86. doi:10.1126/science.1175802.
"The conclusion is the old saw that we share 98.5% of our DNA sequence with chimpanzee is probably in error. For this sample, a better estimate would be that 95% of the base pairs are exactly shared between chimpanzee and human DNA." Britten, R.J. (2002). «Divergence between samples of chimpanzee and human DNA sequences is 5%, counting indels». PNAS 99 (21): 13633. doi:10.1073/pnas.172510699. PMID 12368483.
Krause J, Lalueza-Fox C, Orlando L, Enard W, Green RE, Burbano HA, Hublin JJ, Hanni C, Fortea J, de la Rasilla M, Bertranpetit J, Rosas A, Paabo S (November 2007). «The derived FOXP2 variant of modern humans was shared with Neandertals». Curr. Biol. 17 (21): 1908–12. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.10.008. PMID 17949978. Lay summary – New York Times (2007-10-19).
Richard E. Green et al (2010). «A Draft Sequence of the Neandertal Genome». Science 328 (5979): 710–722. doi:10.1126/science.1188021. PMID 20448178.
Bowler JM, Johnston H, Olley JM, Prescott JR, Roberts RG, Shawcross W, Spooner NA. (2003). «New ages for human occupation and climatic change at Lake Mungo, Australia.». Nature 421 (6925): 837–40. doi:10.1038/nature01383. PMID 1259451.

nationalgeographic.com

news.nationalgeographic.com

"'Experiments with sex have been very hard to conduct,' Goddard said. 'In an experiment, one needs to hold all else constant, apart from the aspect of interest. This means that no higher organisms can be used, since they have to have sex to reproduce and therefore provide no asexual control.'
Goddard and colleagues instead turned to a single-celled organism, yeast, to test the idea that sex allows populations to adapt to new conditions more rapidly than asexual populations." Sex Speeds Up Evolution, Study Finds (URL accessed on January 9, 2005)
Perlman, David (12 Ιουλίου 2001). «Fossils From Ethiopia May Be Earliest Human Ancestor». National Geographic News. Ανακτήθηκε στις 1 Ιουλίου 2009. Another co-author is Tim D. White, a paleoanthropologist at UC-Berkeley who in 1994 discovered a pre-human fossil, named Ardipithecus ramidus, that was then the oldest known, at 4.4 million years.

nature.com

Green, R. E., Krause, J, Ptak, S. E., Briggs, A. W., Ronan, M. T., Simons, J. F., et al. (2006) Analysis of one million base pairs of Neanderthal DNA. Nature, 16, 330–336. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v444/n7117/abs/nature05336.html
http://www.nature.com/news/oldest-homo-sapiens-fossil-claim-rewrites-our-species-history-1.22114

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

"The conclusion is the old saw that we share 98.5% of our DNA sequence with chimpanzee is probably in error. For this sample, a better estimate would be that 95% of the base pairs are exactly shared between chimpanzee and human DNA." Britten, R.J. (2002). «Divergence between samples of chimpanzee and human DNA sequences is 5%, counting indels». PNAS 99 (21): 13633. doi:10.1073/pnas.172510699. PMID 12368483.
Krause J, Lalueza-Fox C, Orlando L, Enard W, Green RE, Burbano HA, Hublin JJ, Hanni C, Fortea J, de la Rasilla M, Bertranpetit J, Rosas A, Paabo S (November 2007). «The derived FOXP2 variant of modern humans was shared with Neandertals». Curr. Biol. 17 (21): 1908–12. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.10.008. PMID 17949978. Lay summary – New York Times (2007-10-19).
Richard E. Green et al (2010). «A Draft Sequence of the Neandertal Genome». Science 328 (5979): 710–722. doi:10.1126/science.1188021. PMID 20448178.
Bowler JM, Johnston H, Olley JM, Prescott JR, Roberts RG, Shawcross W, Spooner NA. (2003). «New ages for human occupation and climatic change at Lake Mungo, Australia.». Nature 421 (6925): 837–40. doi:10.1038/nature01383. PMID 1259451.

pubmedcentral.nih.gov

"The conclusion is the old saw that we share 98.5% of our DNA sequence with chimpanzee is probably in error. For this sample, a better estimate would be that 95% of the base pairs are exactly shared between chimpanzee and human DNA." Britten, R.J. (2002). «Divergence between samples of chimpanzee and human DNA sequences is 5%, counting indels». PNAS 99 (21): 13633. doi:10.1073/pnas.172510699. PMID 12368483.

nytimes.com

Krause J, Lalueza-Fox C, Orlando L, Enard W, Green RE, Burbano HA, Hublin JJ, Hanni C, Fortea J, de la Rasilla M, Bertranpetit J, Rosas A, Paabo S (November 2007). «The derived FOXP2 variant of modern humans was shared with Neandertals». Curr. Biol. 17 (21): 1908–12. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.10.008. PMID 17949978. Lay summary – New York Times (2007-10-19).

nyu.edu

Raauma, Ryan, Sternera, K., (2005) "Catarrhine primate divergence dates estimated from complete mitochondrial genomes", Journal of Human Evolution 48: 237-257 [1]

pbs.org

video.pbs.org

NOVA: Becoming Human Part 2 http://video.pbs.org/video/1319997127/

uwnews.org

«Schwarz, J». Uwnews.org. 17 Οκτωβρίου 2007. Αρχειοθετήθηκε από το πρωτότυπο στις 4 Μαΐου 2009. Ανακτήθηκε στις 10 Σεπτεμβρίου 2009.

web.archive.org

"Proterospongia is a rare freshwater protist, a colonial member of the Choanoflagellata." "Proterospongia itself is not the ancestor of sponges. However, it serves as a useful model for what the ancestor of sponges and other metazoans may have been like." http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/protista/proterospongia.html Αρχειοθετήθηκε 2010-11-04 στο Wayback Machine. Berkeley University
These first vertebrates lacked jaws, like the living hagfish and lampreys. Jawed vertebrates appeared 100 million years later, in the Silurian. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/vertintro.html Αρχειοθετήθηκε 2011-04-12 στο Wayback Machine. Berkeley University
"Bones of first gill arch became upper and lower jaws." (Image) (URL accessed on November 16, 2006)
"Rubin also said analysis so far suggests human and Neanderthal DNA are some 99.5 percent to nearly 99.9 percent identical." Neanderthal bone gives DNA clues Αρχειοθετήθηκε 2006-11-18 στο Wayback Machine. (URL accessed on November 16, 2006)
«Schwarz, J». Uwnews.org. 17 Οκτωβρίου 2007. Αρχειοθετήθηκε από το πρωτότυπο στις 4 Μαΐου 2009. Ανακτήθηκε στις 10 Σεπτεμβρίου 2009.