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1638 Tipu rebellion (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "1638 Tipu rebellion" in English language version.

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  • The Yucatecan Mayan orthography in this article follows that of Barrera Vásquez et al. 1980, pp. 41a–44a. At least two other orthographic systems exist (Lehmann 2018, sec. 2.1, 3), neither of which is used in this article. Accordingly, k'atun and ahaw are preferred over several variations thereof, per Barrera Vásquez et al. 1980, pp. 4, 385–386. Barrera Vásquez, Alfredo; Bastarrachea Manzano, Juan Ramón; Brito Sansores, William; Vermont Salas, Refugio; Dzul Góngora, David; Dzul Poot, Domingo, eds. (1980). Diccionario maya Cordemex : maya-español, español-maya (1st ed.). Mérida, Yuc.: Ediciones Cordemex. OCLC 7550928. Lehmann, Christian (16 December 2018). "Ortografía". La lengua maya de Yucatán. Christian Lehmann. Retrieved 5 August 2021. Barrera Vásquez, Alfredo; Bastarrachea Manzano, Juan Ramón; Brito Sansores, William; Vermont Salas, Refugio; Dzul Góngora, David; Dzul Poot, Domingo, eds. (1980). Diccionario maya Cordemex : maya-español, español-maya (1st ed.). Mérida, Yuc.: Ediciones Cordemex. OCLC 7550928.

csic.es

simurg.bibliotecas.csic.es

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  • The short round's k'atuno'ob were–
    No. k'atun Start End
    1 k'atun 11 ahaw 13 November 1539 (1539-11-13) 30 July 1559 (1559-07-30)
    2 k'atun 9 ahaw 31 July 1559 (1559-07-31) 17 April 1579 (1579-04-17)
    3 k'atun 7 ahaw 18 April 1579 (1579-04-18) 1 January 1599 (1599-01-01)
    4 k'atun 5 ahaw 2 January 1599 (1599-01-02) 18 September 1618 (1618-09-18)
    5 k'atun 3 ahaw 19 September 1618 (1618-09-19) 5 June 1638 (1638-06-05)
    6 k'atun 1 ahaw 6 June 1638 (1638-06-06) 20 February 1658 (1658-02-20)
    7 k'atun 12 ahaw 21 February 1658 (1658-02-21) 7 November 1677 (1677-11-07)
    8 k'atun 10 ahaw 8 November 1677 (1677-11-08) 25 July 1697 (1697-07-25)
    9 k'atun 8 ahaw 26 July 1697 (1697-07-26) 12 April 1717 (1717-04-12)
    10 k'atun 6 ahaw 13 April 1717 (1717-04-13) 28 December 1736 (1736-12-28)
    11 k'atun 4 ahaw 29 December 1736 (1736-12-29) 14 October 1756 (1756-10-14)
    12 k'atun 2 ahaw 15 October 1756 (1756-10-15) 1 June 1776 (1776-06-01)
    13 k'atun 13 ahaw 2 June 1776 (1776-06-02) 17 February 1796 (1796-02-17)

    (Sharer & Traxler 2006, pp. 779–784).

    Sharer, Robert J.; Traxler, Loa P., eds. (2006). The ancient Maya (6th ed.). Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. hdl:2027/mdp.39015062626216. ISBN 0804748160. OCLC 57577446.
  • This passage may be alternatively translated as–
    Hun ahaw katun [...] he ix bin tz'occebal u thanil e noh katun likom chan y etel ho tzuc chakan ti bateel u chan katun hun ahau katun kakal moçon chac u cuch katun
    Katun 1 Ahau [...] This shall be the end of its prophecy: there is a great war. The Chan[s] shall rise up in war with the five divisions of Chakan, an army of Chan[s] in Katun 1 Ahau. A parching whirlwind storm is the charge of the katun.

    —by chilam Balam of Chumayel, compiled by J. J. Hoíl, translated by R. L. Roys (Roys & Hoíl 1967, pp. xxx, 157, Jones 1989, p. 319, item no. 2).

    Roys, Ralph L.; Hoíl, Juan José, eds. (1967). The book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel. Civilization of the American Indian series. Vol. 87 (New ed.). Norma, Okl.: University of Oklahoma Press. hdl:2027/mdp.39015064833323. OCLC 224990. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • This passage may be alternatively translated as–
    Hun ahaw katun [...] he ix bin tz'occebal u thanil e noh katun likom chan y etel ho tzuc chakan ti bateel u chan katun hun ahau katun kakal moçon chac u cuch katun
    Katun 1 Ahau [...] This shall be the end of its prophecy: there is a great war. The Chan[s] shall rise up in war with the five divisions of Chakan, an army of Chan[s] in Katun 1 Ahau. A parching whirlwind storm is the charge of the katun.

    —by chilam Balam of Chumayel, compiled by J. J. Hoíl, translated by R. L. Roys (Roys & Hoíl 1967, pp. xxx, 157, Jones 1989, p. 319, item no. 2).

    Roys, Ralph L.; Hoíl, Juan José, eds. (1967). The book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel. Civilization of the American Indian series. Vol. 87 (New ed.). Norma, Okl.: University of Oklahoma Press. hdl:2027/mdp.39015064833323. OCLC 224990. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • The Cárdenas Valencia manuscript (in Cárdenas Valencia 1937) was written during February 8, 1638 – February 15, 1639 (1638-02-08 – 1639-02-15) (Adams 1945, pp. 26–27). Cárdenas Valencia, Francisco de (1937). Relación historial eclesiástica de la provincia de Yucatán de la Nueva España, escrita el año de 1639. Biblioteca histórica mexicana de obras inéditas. Vol. 3 (1st ed.). México, Dist. Fed.: Antigua Librería Robredo, J. Porrúa e Hijos. hdl:2027/txu.059173018271330. OCLC 4660610.
  • Sharer & Traxler 2006, pp. 779–783. Sharer, Robert J.; Traxler, Loa P., eds. (2006). The ancient Maya (6th ed.). Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. hdl:2027/mdp.39015062626216. ISBN 0804748160. OCLC 57577446.
  • Edmonson & Hoíl 1986, pp. 208, 213. Edmonson, Munro S.; Hoíl, Juan José, eds. (1986). Heaven born Merida and its destiny : the Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel. The Texas Pan American series (1st ed.). Austin, Tex.: University of Texas Press. hdl:2027/mdp.39015037288761. OCLC 12421934.
  • Newton 1914, p. 263. Newton, Arthur Percival (1914). The colonising activities of the English Puritans: the last phase of the Elizabethan struggle with Spain. Yale Historical Publications: Miscellany. Vol. 1 (1st ed.). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. hdl:2027/hvd.32044014678932. OCLC 2993127.
  • Cárdenas Valencia 1937, p. 97. Cárdenas Valencia, Francisco de (1937). Relación historial eclesiástica de la provincia de Yucatán de la Nueva España, escrita el año de 1639. Biblioteca histórica mexicana de obras inéditas. Vol. 3 (1st ed.). México, Dist. Fed.: Antigua Librería Robredo, J. Porrúa e Hijos. hdl:2027/txu.059173018271330. OCLC 4660610.
  • Gerhard 1979, p. 70. Gerhard, Peter (1979). The Southeast Frontier of New Spain (1st ed.). Princeton, New Jers.: Princeton University Press. hdl:2027/uc1.b4906135. OCLC 4529742.
  • Gerhard 1979, pp. 15, 71. Gerhard, Peter (1979). The Southeast Frontier of New Spain (1st ed.). Princeton, New Jers.: Princeton University Press. hdl:2027/uc1.b4906135. OCLC 4529742.

harvard.edu

muse-jhu-edu.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu

jstor.org

repositorioinstitucional.mx

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scielo.org.mx

unal.edu.co

repositorio.unal.edu.co

worldcat.org

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  • The Yucatecan Mayan orthography in this article follows that of Barrera Vásquez et al. 1980, pp. 41a–44a. At least two other orthographic systems exist (Lehmann 2018, sec. 2.1, 3), neither of which is used in this article. Accordingly, k'atun and ahaw are preferred over several variations thereof, per Barrera Vásquez et al. 1980, pp. 4, 385–386. Barrera Vásquez, Alfredo; Bastarrachea Manzano, Juan Ramón; Brito Sansores, William; Vermont Salas, Refugio; Dzul Góngora, David; Dzul Poot, Domingo, eds. (1980). Diccionario maya Cordemex : maya-español, español-maya (1st ed.). Mérida, Yuc.: Ediciones Cordemex. OCLC 7550928. Lehmann, Christian (16 December 2018). "Ortografía". La lengua maya de Yucatán. Christian Lehmann. Retrieved 5 August 2021. Barrera Vásquez, Alfredo; Bastarrachea Manzano, Juan Ramón; Brito Sansores, William; Vermont Salas, Refugio; Dzul Góngora, David; Dzul Poot, Domingo, eds. (1980). Diccionario maya Cordemex : maya-español, español-maya (1st ed.). Mérida, Yuc.: Ediciones Cordemex. OCLC 7550928.
  • Details of the rebellion and its aftermath remain unclear, as extant records are poor, and no records regarding Bacalar during November 6, 1638 – March 4, 1643 (1638-11-06 – 1643-03-04) have survived (or been discovered) (Jones 1989, p. 191). Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • The short round's k'atuno'ob were–
    No. k'atun Start End
    1 k'atun 11 ahaw 13 November 1539 (1539-11-13) 30 July 1559 (1559-07-30)
    2 k'atun 9 ahaw 31 July 1559 (1559-07-31) 17 April 1579 (1579-04-17)
    3 k'atun 7 ahaw 18 April 1579 (1579-04-18) 1 January 1599 (1599-01-01)
    4 k'atun 5 ahaw 2 January 1599 (1599-01-02) 18 September 1618 (1618-09-18)
    5 k'atun 3 ahaw 19 September 1618 (1618-09-19) 5 June 1638 (1638-06-05)
    6 k'atun 1 ahaw 6 June 1638 (1638-06-06) 20 February 1658 (1658-02-20)
    7 k'atun 12 ahaw 21 February 1658 (1658-02-21) 7 November 1677 (1677-11-07)
    8 k'atun 10 ahaw 8 November 1677 (1677-11-08) 25 July 1697 (1697-07-25)
    9 k'atun 8 ahaw 26 July 1697 (1697-07-26) 12 April 1717 (1717-04-12)
    10 k'atun 6 ahaw 13 April 1717 (1717-04-13) 28 December 1736 (1736-12-28)
    11 k'atun 4 ahaw 29 December 1736 (1736-12-29) 14 October 1756 (1756-10-14)
    12 k'atun 2 ahaw 15 October 1756 (1756-10-15) 1 June 1776 (1776-06-01)
    13 k'atun 13 ahaw 2 June 1776 (1776-06-02) 17 February 1796 (1796-02-17)

    (Sharer & Traxler 2006, pp. 779–784).

    Sharer, Robert J.; Traxler, Loa P., eds. (2006). The ancient Maya (6th ed.). Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. hdl:2027/mdp.39015062626216. ISBN 0804748160. OCLC 57577446.
  • This passage may be alternatively translated as–
    Hun ahaw katun [...] he ix bin tz'occebal u thanil e noh katun likom chan y etel ho tzuc chakan ti bateel u chan katun hun ahau katun kakal moçon chac u cuch katun
    Katun 1 Ahau [...] This shall be the end of its prophecy: there is a great war. The Chan[s] shall rise up in war with the five divisions of Chakan, an army of Chan[s] in Katun 1 Ahau. A parching whirlwind storm is the charge of the katun.

    —by chilam Balam of Chumayel, compiled by J. J. Hoíl, translated by R. L. Roys (Roys & Hoíl 1967, pp. xxx, 157, Jones 1989, p. 319, item no. 2).

    Roys, Ralph L.; Hoíl, Juan José, eds. (1967). The book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel. Civilization of the American Indian series. Vol. 87 (New ed.). Norma, Okl.: University of Oklahoma Press. hdl:2027/mdp.39015064833323. OCLC 224990. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • This passage may be alternatively translated as–
    Hun ahaw katun [...] he ix bin tz'occebal u thanil e noh katun likom chan y etel ho tzuc chakan ti bateel u chan katun hun ahau katun kakal moçon chac u cuch katun
    Katun 1 Ahau [...] This shall be the end of its prophecy: there is a great war. The Chan[s] shall rise up in war with the five divisions of Chakan, an army of Chan[s] in Katun 1 Ahau. A parching whirlwind storm is the charge of the katun.

    —by chilam Balam of Chumayel, compiled by J. J. Hoíl, translated by R. L. Roys (Roys & Hoíl 1967, pp. xxx, 157, Jones 1989, p. 319, item no. 2).

    Roys, Ralph L.; Hoíl, Juan José, eds. (1967). The book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel. Civilization of the American Indian series. Vol. 87 (New ed.). Norma, Okl.: University of Oklahoma Press. hdl:2027/mdp.39015064833323. OCLC 224990. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • Marín de Aguilar had served as the district's secular priest since 1632 (Jones 1989, p. 321, item no. 30). Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • In 1637, the governor was informed by Bacalar that residents of Tipu had rebelled, disclaiming their obedience to the Spanish crown. As there was a Tipuan embassy in Mérida at the time, the governor send them to Tipu with advice to the batab and principal inhabitants regarding the grave consequences of such rebellion. Tipu responded [in 1637 or 1638] 'with great submission,' informing the governor that residents had fled for fear of aggression from Bacalar, but that the batab, his lieutenant, and an alcalde, had remained in town, and that they would endeavour to entice the deserters back to town (Jones 1989, pp. 205–206). Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.

  • Complicating our understanding of the period [1638‍–‍1642] are the poorly understood effects of increasing depredations of foreign pirates along the eastern coasts [of the Yucatan peninsula, including the district of Bacalar], which certainly would have stimulated coastal Mayas to seek refuge in interior locations around Tipu. These depredations, in combination with independence movements at Tipu, had devastating implications for the villa of Bacalar [...].

    — Jones 1989, pp. 191–192
    Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • On 10 July 1638, Diego Zapata de Cárdenas, Marquis of Santo Floro and Governor of colonial Yucatan, informed Philip IV of Spain 'that ever since he had been in office [17 May 1636] he had received petitions from the defensor de naturales on behalf of the Indians of the [district of the] villa of Bacalar complaining about its Spaniards, mulattos, and mestizos [who often] extorted the Indians.' (Jones 1989, p. 205). On 20 September 1638, Luís Sánchez de Aguilar, member of the cabildo of Salamanca de Bacalar, reported intelligence of these events to Diego Zapata de Cárdenas, Governor of colonial Yucatan, saying,

    [Tipuan authorities advised residents of reducción or encomienda settlements in the district of Bacalar that] [t]hey were to give obedience to their king and wished them to abandon their town, saying that if they did not do so all would die and be finished, because at such a time the Itzas [military of the Peten Itza kingdom] would come to kill them and there would be many deaths, and hurricanes would flood the land.

    — 20 September 1638, cabildo to governor, translated by Grant D. Jones.

    (Jones 1989, pp. 189, 319)

    Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • It has been suggested that the governor did not wish to provide a military solution to what the Spanish Crown deemed a problem properly solved by (peaceful) religious persuasion (Jones 1989, p. 213). Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • The Cárdenas Valencia manuscript (in Cárdenas Valencia 1937) was written during February 8, 1638 – February 15, 1639 (1638-02-08 – 1639-02-15) (Adams 1945, pp. 26–27). Cárdenas Valencia, Francisco de (1937). Relación historial eclesiástica de la provincia de Yucatán de la Nueva España, escrita el año de 1639. Biblioteca histórica mexicana de obras inéditas. Vol. 3 (1st ed.). México, Dist. Fed.: Antigua Librería Robredo, J. Porrúa e Hijos. hdl:2027/txu.059173018271330. OCLC 4660610.
  • The party first reached 'the hamlet where Chantome had been' (a cacao orchard on the Belize River, southwest of the New River Lagoon). There, the Fuensalida–Estrada party were met by Pedro Noh (batab of Holpatin, a Tipuan ally), his sons, and six other former residents of Holpatin, all of whom 'were painted and had allowed their hair to grow long as a sign of their rebel state.' These gifted the friars a wild fowl, which the friars' Maya guides informed them was a portent of war. The Noh party guided (or escorted) the friars' party to Zaczuz. There, the former taunted (or threatened) the latter's Maya guides, causing 17 of them to retreat. The friars and their remaining four companions were hosted by Francisco Yam, ‘’batab’’ of Zaczuz, while the Noh party negotiated the friars’ reception with Tipuan authorities. A Tipuan party of a dozen, led by Gaspar Chuc, a military captain, met the friars at Zaczuz, informing them they were not welcome in Tipu. The friars, however, convinced Chuc to entice the Tipuan authorities to receive them. Chuc seemed to oblige them, but apparently reneged on his promise, as the friars were left stranded in Zaczuz.
    On 2 July 1642, the friars' party were led to Hubelna (an unauthorised settlement of former Zaczuz residents, three leagues distant, on a creek known as Yaxteel Ahau [possibly Roaring Creek]) by their host, Francisco Yam. The friars and their four Maya companions spent the night at Hubelna. Tipuan guests (whom Yam had prior invited), and at least some of Hubelna's residents, spent that night 'dancing and drunkenly worshipping their idols.' On discovering this 'idolatry,' Fuensalida asked that Yam gather all residents to hear the governor's and bishop's letters (promising them amnesty and a sizeable tax break, though requiring submission 'to the authority of the church and the governor'). Yam complied, and an audience gathered to hear Fuensalida, but the friar's message was not well-received, and residents silently trickled out towards the end.
    The dawn of 3 July 1642, a war party (including Itzaen soldiers) awoke the friars, announcing 'May God protect you. Your time has come, grandfather.' The friars and one of their companions (three were elsewhere) were detained at this point. The military captain announced, 'Let the governor come. Let the king come. Let the Spanish come. We are ready to fight them. Now go and tell them.' Some Itzaen soldiers further threaten to kill Fuensalida 'because he and Father Orbita had [during a prior misión] destroyed the Itzas' idol Tzimin Chac ... and thereby killed their god.' Upon hearing these threats, the friars' companion asked to be killed in Fuensalida's stead, but was rebutted by the captain, who said, 'Don't fear. We don't have to kill you, but we must kill your companion [Fuensalida] because he killed our god.' During the friars' detention, the party searched their belongings, destroying all religious artefacts they found, 'saying a thousand blasphemies that are too horrible to mention as they broke [a crucifix].' This done, the friars and their companions were escorted to Zaczuz, from where they retreated to Bacalar.
    (Jones 1989, pp. 217–222) Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • In 1641, Becerril baptised, catechised, and settled (some) runaways from Campin in Soite and Cehake (reducción settlements on the Sittee River). Tejero settled runaways from Manan in Zula (a caye which the runaways chose, given that Manan had prior been flooded by a storm). Soite and Cehake were raided by Dutch pirates during Tejero's misión (who further detained the friar and a vecino accompanying him).
    In 1642, Tejero baptised, catechised, married, and settled 73 runaways from Campin in Campin itself (a reducción settlement, possibly on the Monkey River). Campin was likewise sacked by pirates shortly after Tejero's departure.
    (Jones 1989, pp. 224–226) Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • It has been suggested that this was due to (i) Manche Ch'ol settlements being outside Tipu's sphere of influence (as some of the coastal reducción settlements in the district were majority Manche Ch'ol, as opposed to the Yucatecan–Mopan majority in Tipu), (ii) coastal settlements being too far removed from Tipu to mount any significant resistance (Jones 1989, p. 224). Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • Intelligence attributed to the governor in Jones 1989, p. 210, but attributed to the bishop in Jones 1989, p. 226 and Jones 1989, p. 321, item no. 36. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • Sharer & Traxler 2006, pp. 779–783. Sharer, Robert J.; Traxler, Loa P., eds. (2006). The ancient Maya (6th ed.). Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. hdl:2027/mdp.39015062626216. ISBN 0804748160. OCLC 57577446.
  • Jones 1989, p. 190. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • Edmonson & Hoíl 1986, pp. 208, 213. Edmonson, Munro S.; Hoíl, Juan José, eds. (1986). Heaven born Merida and its destiny : the Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel. The Texas Pan American series (1st ed.). Austin, Tex.: University of Texas Press. hdl:2027/mdp.39015037288761. OCLC 12421934.
  • Jones 1989, pp. 189, 319. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • Jones 1989, pp. 18–19, 148–149. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • Jones 1989, p. 191. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • Jones 1989, p. 187. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • Jones 1989, p. 205. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
  • Jones 1989, pp. 205–206. Jones, Grant D. (1989). Maya resistance to Spanish rule: time and history on a colonial frontier (1st ed.). Albuquerque, New Mex.: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 082631161X. OCLC 20012099.
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