Brunner, Amy; Caldwell, Chris K.; Krywaruczenko, Daniel; Lownsdale, Chris (2009). "Generalized Sierpiński Numbers to Base b"(PDF). 数理解析研究所講究録 [Notes from the Institute of Mathematical Analysis] (New Aspects of Analytic Number Theory). 1639. Kyoto: RIMS: 69–79. hdl:2433/140555. S2CID38654417.
Brunner, Amy; Caldwell, Chris K.; Krywaruczenko, Daniel; Lownsdale, Chris (2009). "Generalized Sierpiński Numbers to Base b"(PDF). 数理解析研究所講究録 [Notes from the Institute of Mathematical Analysis] (New Aspects of Analytic Number Theory). 1639. Kyoto: RIMS: 69–79. hdl:2433/140555. S2CID38654417.
"Sloane's A005563 : a(n) = n*(n+2) = (n+1)^2 – 1". The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. OEIS Foundation. Retrieved 2022-10-15. Number of edges in the join of two cycle graphs, both of order n, C_n * C_n.
Brunner, Amy; Caldwell, Chris K.; Krywaruczenko, Daniel; Lownsdale, Chris (2009). "Generalized Sierpiński Numbers to Base b"(PDF). 数理解析研究所講究録 [Notes from the Institute of Mathematical Analysis] (New Aspects of Analytic Number Theory). 1639. Kyoto: RIMS: 69–79. hdl:2433/140555. S2CID38654417.