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Moore, Louis (2011). "Fit for Citizenship: Black Sparring Masters, Gymnasium Owners, and the White Body, 1825–1886". The Journal of African American History. 96 (4). University of Chicago Press: 448–473. doi:10.5323/jafriamerhist.96.4.0448. ISSN1548-1867. S2CID141782656.
Moore, Louis (2011). "Fit for Citizenship: Black Sparring Masters, Gymnasium Owners, and the White Body, 1825–1886". The Journal of African American History. 96 (4). University of Chicago Press: 448–473. doi:10.5323/jafriamerhist.96.4.0448. ISSN1548-1867. S2CID141782656.
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