Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi" in English language version.
A third topic which was addressed in the literature about Kawakibi was socialism, in particular since the early 1960s when Arab socialism became a state-sponsored ideology in Egypt, Syria and Iraq. The social critique of Kawakibi and his calls for social justice were interpreted by most writers as being socialist in nature with Abd al-Rahman Burj avoiding anachronism and noting that what Kawakibi had in mind was 'what we call today socialism'. Muhammad Sa'd al-'Uryan went further in his analysis to explain the differences between Arab socialism, presumably pioneered by Kawakibi, and Communism. This explanation, a common practice among Arab intellectuals at the time, focused on the attitude to religion as a core differentiating element of the two ideologies.
Al-Afghani's pan-Islamic solidarity was expanded upon by the Aleppo-born Syrian writer Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi (1854/55 – 1902). Like his contemporaries, he was wary of the western influences upon Islam, yet desired a refreshed approach to the solidarity of the 'umma (community). That included a return to a Quraysh/Arab caliphate.
A third topic which was addressed in the literature about Kawakibi was socialism, in particular since the early 1960s when Arab socialism became a state-sponsored ideology in Egypt, Syria and Iraq. The social critique of Kawakibi and his calls for social justice were interpreted by most writers as being socialist in nature with Abd al-Rahman Burj avoiding anachronism and noting that what Kawakibi had in mind was 'what we call today socialism'. Muhammad Sa'd al-'Uryan went further in his analysis to explain the differences between Arab socialism, presumably pioneered by Kawakibi, and Communism. This explanation, a common practice among Arab intellectuals at the time, focused on the attitude to religion as a core differentiating element of the two ideologies.
Al-Afghani's pan-Islamic solidarity was expanded upon by the Aleppo-born Syrian writer Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi (1854/55 – 1902). Like his contemporaries, he was wary of the western influences upon Islam, yet desired a refreshed approach to the solidarity of the 'umma (community). That included a return to a Quraysh/Arab caliphate.
Al-Afghani's pan-Islamic solidarity was expanded upon by the Aleppo-born Syrian writer Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi (1854/55 – 1902). Like his contemporaries, he was wary of the western influences upon Islam, yet desired a refreshed approach to the solidarity of the 'umma (community). That included a return to a Quraysh/Arab caliphate.
