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Shan, Huanyuan; Qin, Bo; Fort, Bernard; Tao, Charling; Wu, Xiang-Ping; Zhao, Hongsheng (2010). "Offset between dark matter and ordinary matter: evidence from a sample of 38 lensing clusters of galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 406 (2): 1134–1139. arXiv:1004.1475. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.406.1134S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16739.x. S2CID119255830.
Kneib, Jean-Paul (1995). "Dynamics of Abell 2218 from optical and near-IR imagery of arc(let)s and the Rosat/HRI X-ray map". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 303: 27–40. arXiv:astro-ph/9504038. Bibcode:1995A&A...303...27K.
Squires, G.; Kaiser, N.; Babul, A.; Fahlman, G.; Woods, D.; Neumann, D.; Böhringer, H. (1996). "The dark matter, gas, and galaxy distributions in Abell 2218: A weak gravitational lensing and X-ray analysis". The Astrophysical Journal. 461: 572–586. arXiv:astro-ph/9507008. Bibcode:1996ApJ...461..572S. doi:10.1086/177085. S2CID18973537.
Shan, Huanyuan; Qin, Bo; Fort, Bernard; Tao, Charling; Wu, Xiang-Ping; Zhao, Hongsheng (2010). "Offset between dark matter and ordinary matter: evidence from a sample of 38 lensing clusters of galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 406 (2): 1134–1139. arXiv:1004.1475. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.406.1134S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16739.x. S2CID119255830.
Lorenz, Suzanne; Peterson, J. R. (2013). "New Techniques in Dark Matter Mapping". American Astronomical Society. 222 (id.103.02): 103.02. Bibcode:2013AAS...22210302L.
Shan, Huanyuan; Qin, Bo; Fort, Bernard; Tao, Charling; Wu, Xiang-Ping; Zhao, Hongsheng (2010). "Offset between dark matter and ordinary matter: evidence from a sample of 38 lensing clusters of galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 406 (2): 1134–1139. arXiv:1004.1475. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.406.1134S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16739.x. S2CID119255830.