Abstinence (English Wikipedia)

"Why don't Catholics eat meat on Fridays?". Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis. Retrieved 2 March 2022. Abstinence is one of our oldest Christian traditions. "From the first century, the day of the crucifixion has been traditionally observed as a day of abstaining from flesh meat ("black fast") to honor Christ who sacrificed his flesh on a Friday" (Klein, P., Catholic Source Book, 78). ... Since Jesus sacrificed his flesh for us on Good Friday, we refrain from eating flesh meat in his honor on Fridays.

askoxford.com

"Vegetarian". AskOxford: Vegetarian. Compact Oxford English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2006-03-17. Retrieved 2008-06-15. a person who does not eat meat for moral, religious, or health reasons.
- ['meat' is defined as 'the flesh of an animal as food']; see "Meat". Definition of meat from Oxford Dictionaries Online. Compact Oxford English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2011-06-04. Retrieved 2008-06-15.

doi.org

Hasin, Deborah S.; O'Brien, Charles P.; Auriacombe, Marc; Borges, Guilherme; Bucholz, Kathleen; Budney, Alan; Compton, Wilson M.; Crowley, Thomas; Ling, Walter; Petry, Nancy M.; Schuckit, Marc; Grant, Bridget F. (1 August 2013). "DSM-5 Criteria for Substance Use Disorders: Recommendations and Rationale". American Journal of Psychiatry. 170 (8): 834–851. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12060782. PMC 3767415. PMID 23903334.
Grimm, Jeffrey W.; Barnes, Jesse L.; Koerber, Jonathon; Glueck, Edwin; Ginder, Darren; Hyde, Jeff; Eaton, Laura (2016). "Effects of Acute or Chronic Environmental Enrichment on Regional Fos Protein Expression following Sucrose Cue-reactivity testing in Rats". Brain Structure & Function. 221 (5): 2817–2830. doi:10.1007/s00429-015-1074-z. PMC 4676962. PMID 26068175.
Sin, Celia WM; Ho, Jacqueline SC; Chung, Joanne WY (2009). "Systematic review on the effectiveness of caffeine abstinence on the quality of sleep". Journal of Clinical Nursing. 18 (1): 13–21. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02375.x. PMID 19120728.

enontab.org

"40 Day Journey & Daniel Fast". Enon Tabernacle Baptist Church. 17 February 2021. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2022. Our family and friends are encouraged to take this journey during the season of Lent. This is a time we as Christians mature spiritually the 40 days before Resurrection Sunday. The Daniel Fast begins Ash Wednesday, February 17, 2021 and ends on Resurrection Sunday, April 4, 2021. Our common practice is 6 days on and 1 day off.

glctulsa.org

"Fasting Guidelines" (PDF). Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod. 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2022. Retrieved 17 March 2018.

greekreporter.com

Menzel, Konstantinos (14 April 2014). "Abstaining From Sex Is Part of Fasting". Greekreporter.com. Greek Reporter. Retrieved 27 May 2021.

huffingtonpost.com

"Lent: Daniel Fast Gains Popularity". HuffPost. Religion News Service. February 7, 2013. Retrieved December 30, 2018. In some cases, entire churches do the Daniel Fast together during Lent. The idea strikes a chord in Methodist traditions, which trace their heritage to John Wesley, a proponent of fasting. Leaders in the African Methodist Episcopal Church have urged churchgoers to do the Daniel Fast together, and congregations from Washington to Pennsylvania and Maryland have joined in. For the fourth consecutive year, St. Mark's United Methodist Church in Charlotte, N.C., will observe Lent this year with a churchwide Daniel Fast. Young adults in the congregation tend to keep the fast more rigorously than older ones, according to Pastor Paul Milton.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Hasin, Deborah S.; O'Brien, Charles P.; Auriacombe, Marc; Borges, Guilherme; Bucholz, Kathleen; Budney, Alan; Compton, Wilson M.; Crowley, Thomas; Ling, Walter; Petry, Nancy M.; Schuckit, Marc; Grant, Bridget F. (1 August 2013). "DSM-5 Criteria for Substance Use Disorders: Recommendations and Rationale". American Journal of Psychiatry. 170 (8): 834–851. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12060782. PMC 3767415. PMID 23903334.
Grimm, Jeffrey W.; Barnes, Jesse L.; Koerber, Jonathon; Glueck, Edwin; Ginder, Darren; Hyde, Jeff; Eaton, Laura (2016). "Effects of Acute or Chronic Environmental Enrichment on Regional Fos Protein Expression following Sucrose Cue-reactivity testing in Rats". Brain Structure & Function. 221 (5): 2817–2830. doi:10.1007/s00429-015-1074-z. PMC 4676962. PMID 26068175.
Sin, Celia WM; Ho, Jacqueline SC; Chung, Joanne WY (2009). "Systematic review on the effectiveness of caffeine abstinence on the quality of sleep". Journal of Clinical Nursing. 18 (1): 13–21. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02375.x. PMID 19120728.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Hasin, Deborah S.; O'Brien, Charles P.; Auriacombe, Marc; Borges, Guilherme; Bucholz, Kathleen; Budney, Alan; Compton, Wilson M.; Crowley, Thomas; Ling, Walter; Petry, Nancy M.; Schuckit, Marc; Grant, Bridget F. (1 August 2013). "DSM-5 Criteria for Substance Use Disorders: Recommendations and Rationale". American Journal of Psychiatry. 170 (8): 834–851. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12060782. PMC 3767415. PMID 23903334.
Grimm, Jeffrey W.; Barnes, Jesse L.; Koerber, Jonathon; Glueck, Edwin; Ginder, Darren; Hyde, Jeff; Eaton, Laura (2016). "Effects of Acute or Chronic Environmental Enrichment on Regional Fos Protein Expression following Sucrose Cue-reactivity testing in Rats". Brain Structure & Function. 221 (5): 2817–2830. doi:10.1007/s00429-015-1074-z. PMC 4676962. PMID 26068175.

oklahoman.com

Hinton, Carla (20 February 2016). "The Fast and the Faithful: Catholic parish in Oklahoma takes up Lenten discipline based on biblical Daniel's diet". The Oklahoman. Retrieved 27 March 2022. Many parishioners at St. Philip Neri are participating in the Daniel fast, a religious diet program based on the fasting experiences of the Old Testament prophet Daniel. ... participating parishioners started the fast Ash Wednesday (Feb. 10) and will continue through Holy Saturday, the day before Easter Sunday.

stmarymagdalensa.org

"Daniel Fast – Lent 2021". St. Mary Magdalen Catholic Church. 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2022.

traditionalcatholicpriest.com

Carota, Peter (7 February 2014). "Holy Communion Fast For Traditional Catholics". Traditional Catholic Priest. Retrieved 15 April 2021.

vegsoc.org

"The Vegetarian Society - Definitions Information Sheet". The Vegetarian Society. Archived from the original on 1999-11-28. Retrieved 2008-09-03.

web.archive.org

"Fasting Guidelines" (PDF). Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod. 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2022. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
"40 Day Journey & Daniel Fast". Enon Tabernacle Baptist Church. 17 February 2021. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2022. Our family and friends are encouraged to take this journey during the season of Lent. This is a time we as Christians mature spiritually the 40 days before Resurrection Sunday. The Daniel Fast begins Ash Wednesday, February 17, 2021 and ends on Resurrection Sunday, April 4, 2021. Our common practice is 6 days on and 1 day off.
"Fundamental Beliefs". 2005. Archived from the original on 10 March 2006. Retrieved 2006-03-07.
"The Vegetarian Society - Definitions Information Sheet". The Vegetarian Society. Archived from the original on 1999-11-28. Retrieved 2008-09-03.
"Vegetarian". AskOxford: Vegetarian. Compact Oxford English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2006-03-17. Retrieved 2008-06-15. a person who does not eat meat for moral, religious, or health reasons.
- ['meat' is defined as 'the flesh of an animal as food']; see "Meat". Definition of meat from Oxford Dictionaries Online. Compact Oxford English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2011-06-04. Retrieved 2008-06-15.

wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Sin, Celia WM; Ho, Jacqueline SC; Chung, Joanne WY (2009). "Systematic review on the effectiveness of caffeine abstinence on the quality of sleep". Journal of Clinical Nursing. 18 (1): 13–21. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02375.x. PMID 19120728.