Adoption (English Wikipedia)

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Adoptions Australia 2003–04 Archived 10 October 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Child Welfare Series Number 35.

americanadoptioncongress.org

Pearl, Lynne (May 2000). "Why wasn't I told? Making sense of the late discovery of adoption" (PDF). The Benevolent Society. Retrieved 21 February 2023.

apa.org

Thomas O'Conner, Are Associations Between Parental Divorce and Children's Adjustment Genetically Mediated?, American Psychological Association 2000, Vol. 36 No.4 429–437

doi.apa.org

Goldberg, Abbie E.; Smith, JuliAnna Z. (2013). "Predictors of psychological adjustment in early placed adopted children with lesbian, gay, and heterosexual parents". Journal of Family Psychology. 27 (3): 431–442. doi:10.1037/a0032911. ISSN 1939-1293. PMID 23750525.

archive.org

Charles Loring Brace, The Dangerous Classes of New York and Twenty Years' Work Among Them, 1872
Kaye, K (1982). The Mental and Social Life of Babies. Univ. Chicago Press. pp. 261. ISBN 978-0226428482.

archive.today

"Live births (by sex), stillbirths (Maori and total population) (Annual-Jun) – Infoshare". Statistics New Zealand. Archived from the original on 1 March 2014. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
SECA Organization Archived 10 February 2009 at archive.today

asanet.org

Hamilton, Laura. "Adoptive Parents, Adoptive Parents: Evaluating the Importance of Biological Ties for Parental Investment" (PDF). American Sociological Review. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 February 2007. Retrieved 3 June 2007.

australia.gov.au

"Sorry Day and the Stolen Generations". Australian Government. Archived from the original on 12 May 2012. Retrieved 16 June 2012.

bastards.org

"ADOPTING -Why adoptive parents support open records for adult adoptees". Bastard Nation. Archived from the original on 19 February 2006. Retrieved 12 March 2006.

bbc.co.uk

bbc.com

"The baby stealers". BBC News. 15 November 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
"Nigeria 'baby factory' raided in Lagos". BBC News. 26 April 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
"Nigerian's battle to keep her baby". BBC News. 26 September 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2023.

bethany.org

Bethany Christian Services Archived 7 April 2007 at the Wayback Machine

books.google.com

Brodzinsky and Schecter (editors), The Psychology of Adoption, 1990, page 274
John Boswell, The Kindness of Strangers, 1998, page 74, 115
John Boswell, The Kindness of Strangers, 1998, page 62-63
John Boswell, The Kindness of Strangers, 1998, page 3
John Boswell, The Kindness of Strangers, 1998, page 53-95
Vinita Bhargava, Adoption in India: Policies and Experiences, 2005, page 45
W. Menski, Comparative Law in a Global Context: The Legal Systems of Asia and Africa, 2000
Brodzinsky and Schecter (editors), The Psychology of Adoption, 1990, page 274
John Boswell, The Kindness of Strangers, 1998, page 224
John Boswell, The Kindness of Strangers, 1998, page 184
John Boswell, The Kindness of Strangers, 1998, page 420
John Boswell, The Kindness of Strangers, 1998, page 421.
Wayne Carp, Editor, Adoption in America, article by: Susan Porter, A Good Home, A Good Home, page 29.
Wayne Carp, Editor, Adoption in America, article by: Susan Porter, A Good Home, A Good Home, page 37.
Wayne Carp, Editor, Adoption in America, article by: Susan Porter, A Good Home, A Good Home, page 44.
Wayne Carp, Editor, Adoption in America, article by: Susan Porter, A Good Home, A Good Home, page 45.
Stephen O'Connor, Orphan Trains, Page 95
Wayne Carp (Editor), E. Adoption in America: Historical Perspectives, page 160
E. Wayne Carp (Editor), Adoption in America: Historical Perspectives, page 108
Lawrence and Pat Starkey, Child Welfare and Social Action in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, 2001 page 223
E. Wayne Carp (Editor), Adoption in America: Historical Perspectives, page 181
Barbara Melosh, Strangers and Kin: the American Way of Adoption, page 106
Barbara Melosh, Strangers and Kin: the American Way of Adoption, page 105-107
The International Law on the Rights of the Child (book), Geraldine Van Bueren, 1998, p.95, ISBN 90-411-1091-7, web: Books-Google-81MC.
The best interests of the child: the least detrimental alternative (book), Joseph Goldstein, 1996, p.16, web: Books-Google-HkC.
Mintzer, Richard (2003). Yes, You Can Adopt!: A Comprehensive Guide to Adoption. Carroll & Graf. ISBN 9780786710355. Retrieved 12 December 2011.

boston.com

Crary, David (3 April 2010). "Adopted Chinese orphans often have special needs". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016.

brown.edu

cs.brown.edu

Miles, Jadrian (2003). "Does Adoption Affect the Adolescent Eriksonian Task of Identity Formation?" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 February 2008. Retrieved 30 January 2008.

cbsnews.com

Murphy, Esme; Christy, Liz (19 June 2024). "Adoptees share what life-changing Minnesota bill unsealing birth records means to them". CBS News. Retrieved 26 October 2024.

cdc.gov

"National Vital Statistics System – Birth Data". Centers for Disease Control. 9 January 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
"Adoption Experiences of Women and Men and Demand for Children to Adopt by Women 18–44 Years of Age in the United States, 2002" (PDF). Vital Health Stat. 23 (27). U.S. Center for Disease Control: 19. August 2008. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 December 2023.
"Adoption Experiences of Women and Men and Demand for Children to Adopt by Women 18–44 Years of Age in the United States, 2002" (PDF). Vital Health Stat. 23 (27). U.S. Center for Disease Control: 8. August 2008. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 December 2023.

census.gov

www2.census.gov

Hemez, Paul. "Spouses in Opposite-Sex and Same-Sex Married Couples and Their Households: 2022" (PDF). data.census.gov. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 4 March 2025.

childwelfare.gov

The National Adoption Information Clearinghouse of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, How Many Children Were Adopted in 2007 and 2008? Archived 12 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine, September 2011
Openness in Adoption: Building Relationships Between Adoptive and Birth Families Archived 27 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Child Welfare Information Gateway, January 2013, Retrieved 1 January 2019
"Postadoption Contact Agreements Between Birth and Adoptive Families". U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Children's Bureau. 2005. Archived from the original on 13 May 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2008.
"Postadoption Contact Agreements Between Birth and Adoptive Families: Summary of State Laws" (PDF). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Children's Bureau. 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
US Child Welfare Information Gateway: "How Many Children Were Adopted in 2000 and 2001?"
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Child Welfare Information Gateway, Adoption Disruption and Dissolution Archived 3 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine, December 2004
Access to Adoption Records, Child Welfare Information Gateway, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Children's Bureau, 2020, p. 5

cnn.com

Tim Lister and Mary Rogers, "Egypt says adoptive moms were human smugglers," CNN, 23 March 2009,

cso.ie

Central Statistics Office Ireland, Births, Deaths, Marriages Archived 10 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine

cyf.govt.nz

"Adoptions Data". Department of Child, Youth and Family. Archived from the original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 1 March 2014.

doi.org

Scheidel, W. (28 September 2011). "The Roman Slave Supply". In Bradley, Keith; Cartledge, Paul (eds.). The Cambridge World History of Slavery. Cambridge University Press. pp. 287–310. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521840668.016. ISBN 978-0-511-78034-9.
Mosher, William D.; Bachrach, Christine A. (January–February 1996). "Understanding U.S. Fertility: Continuity and Change in the National Survey of Family Growth, 1988–1995". Family Planning Perspectives. 28 (1). Guttmacher Institute: 5. doi:10.2307/2135956. JSTOR 2135956. Archived from the original on 24 October 2008.
Berry, Marianne; Barth, Richard P.; Needell, Barbara (1996). "Preparation, support, and satisfaction of adoptive families in agency and independent adoptions". Child & Adolescent Social Work Journal. 13 (2): 157–183. doi:10.1007/BF01876644. S2CID 144559063.
Mosher, William D.; Bachrach, Christine A. (January–February 1996). "Understanding U.S. Fertility: Continuity and Change in the National Survey of Family Growth, 1988–1995". Family Planning Perspectives. 28 (1). Guttmacher Institute: 4–12. doi:10.2307/2135956. JSTOR 2135956. PMID 8822409. Archived from the original on 24 October 2008.
Case, A.; Lin, I. F.; McLanahan, S. (2000). "How Hungry is the Selfish Gene?" (PDF). The Economic Journal. 110 (466): 781–804. doi:10.1111/1468-0297.00565. S2CID 11707574.
Gibson, K. (2009). "Differential parental investment in families with both adopted and genetic children". Evolution and Human Behavior. 30 (3): 184–189. Bibcode:2009EHumB..30..184G. doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2009.01.001.
Gauthier, L.; Stollak, G.; Messe, L.; Arnoff, J. (1996). "Recall of childhood neglect and physical abuse as differential predictors of current psychological functioning". Child Abuse and Neglect. 20 (7): 549–559. doi:10.1016/0145-2134(96)00043-9. PMID 8832112.
Malinosky-Rummell, R.; Hansen, D.J. (1993). "Long term consequences of childhood physical abuse". Psychological Bulletin. 114 (1): 68–69. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.68. PMID 8346329.
Carlson, E.A. (1988). "A prospective longitudinal study of disorganized/disoriented attachment". Child Development. 69 (4): 1107–1128. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06163.x. PMID 9768489.
Lyons-Ruth, K. (1996). "Attachment relationships among children with aggressive behavior problems: The role of disorganized early attachment patterns". Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 64 (1): 64–73. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.463.4585. doi:10.1037/0022-006x.64.1.64. PMID 8907085.
Lyons-Ruth, K.; Alpern, L.; Repacholi, B. (1993). "Disorganized infant attachment classification and maternal psychosocial problems as predictors of hostile-aggressive behavior in the preschool classroom". Child Development. 64 (2): 572–585. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1993.tb02929.x. PMID 8477635.
"Developmental Issues For Young Children in Foster Care". Pediatrics. 106 (5): 1145–50. November 2000. doi:10.1542/peds.106.5.1145. PMID 11061791. S2CID 74279466.
Plomin, R.; Fulker, D.W.; Corley, R.; DeFries, J.C. (1997). "Nature, nurture, and cognitive development from 1–16 years: A parent-offspring adoption study". Psychological Science. 8 (6): 442–447. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00458.x. S2CID 145627094.
Amy L. Paine; Oliver Perra; Rebecca Anthony; Katherine H. Shelton (August 2021). "Charting the trajectories of adopted children's emotional and behavioral problems: The impact of early adversity and postadoptive parental warmth". Development and Psychopathology. 33 (3): 922–936. doi:10.1017/S0954579420000231. PMC 8374623. PMID 32366341.
Reuben, Julia D.; Shaw, Daniel S.; Neiderhiser, Jenae M.; Natsuaki, Misaki N.; Reiss, David; Leve, Leslie D. (August 2016). "Warm Parenting and Effortful Control in Toddlerhood: Independent and Interactive Predictors of School-Age Externalizing Behavior". Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 44 (6): 1083–1096. doi:10.1007/s10802-015-0096-6. PMC 5097859. PMID 26496906.
as cited in Kallen, D.J.; Griffore, R.J.; Popovich, S.; Powell, V. (1990). "Adolescent mothers and their mothers view adoption". Family Relations. 39 (3): 311–316. doi:10.2307/584877. JSTOR 584877.
Donnelly, B.W.; Voydanoff, P. (1996). "Parenting versus placing for adoption: Consequences for adolescent mothers". Family Relations. 45 (4): 427–434. doi:10.2307/585172. JSTOR 585172.
Kalmuss, D.; Namerow, P.B.; Bauer, U. (1992). "Short-term consequences of parenting versus adoption among young unmarried women". Journal of Marriage and Family. 54 (1): 80–90. doi:10.2307/353277. JSTOR 353277.
Fravel, D.L.; McRoy, R.G.; Grotevant, H.D. (2000). "Birthmother perceptions of the psychologically present adopted child: Adoption openness and boundary ambiguity". Family Relations. 49 (4): 425–433. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2000.00425.x.
McLaughlin, S.D.; Manninen, D.L.; Winges, L.D. (1988). "Do adolescents who relinquish their children fare better or worse than those who raise them?". Family Planning Perspectives. 20 (1): 25–32. doi:10.2307/2135594. JSTOR 2135594. PMID 3371467.
Keyes, M. A.; Malone, S. M.; Sharma, A.; Iacono, W. G.; McGue, M. (2013). "Risk of Suicide Attempt in Adopted and Nonadopted Offspring". Pediatrics. 132 (4): 639–646. doi:10.1542/peds.2012-3251. PMC 3784288. PMID 24019414.
Bauer, Stephanie; Loomis, Colleen; Akkari, Abdeljalil (May 2012). "Intercultural immigrant youth identities in contexts of family, friends, and school". Journal of Youth Studies. 16 (1): 63. doi:10.1080/13676261.2012.693593. S2CID 145615691.
Annika von Borczyskowski, Suicidal behavior in national and international adult adoptees, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology Volume 41, Number 2 / February, 2006
Border, L. DiAnne (2000). "Adult Adoptees and Their Friends" (PDF). Family Relations. 49 (4): 407–418. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2000.00407.x. JSTOR 585836.
Duncan, Morvwen; Woolgar, Matt; Ransley, Rachel; Fearon, Pasco (1 December 2021). "Mental health and behavioural difficulties in adopted children: A systematic review of post-adoption risk and protective factors". Adoption & Fostering. 45 (4): 414–429. doi:10.1177/03085759211058358. S2CID 245473080.
"Adopted children can experience lasting mental health problems". NIHR Evidence (Plain English summary). 28 August 2020. doi:10.3310/alert_40787. S2CID 241503976.
Nadeem, Erum; Waterman, Jill; Foster, Jared; Paczkowski, Emilie; Belin, Thomas R.; Miranda, Jeanne (28 January 2016). "Long-Term Effects of Pre-Placement Risk Factors on Children's Psychological Symptoms and Parenting Stress Among Families Adopting Children From Foster Care". Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders. 25 (2): 67–81. doi:10.1177/1063426615621050. ISSN 1063-4266. PMC 5734114. PMID 29263641.
Paine, Amy L.; Fahey, Kevin; Anthony, Rebecca E.; Shelton, Katherine H. (1 May 2021). "Early adversity predicts adoptees' enduring emotional and behavioral problems in childhood". European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 30 (5): 721–732. doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01553-0. ISSN 1435-165X. PMC 8060221. PMID 32468437.
"Adopted children may develop specific types of post-traumatic stress". NIHR Evidence (Plain English summary). 3 August 2021. doi:10.3310/alert_47378. S2CID 242996830.
Anthony, R.; Paine, A.L.; Westlake, M.; Lowthian, E.; Shelton, K.H. (7 November 2020). "Patterns of adversity and post-traumatic stress among children adopted from care". Child Abuse & Neglect. 130 (Pt 2): 104795. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104795. PMID 33172646. S2CID 226304165.
Farr, Rachel H.; Patterson, Charlotte J. (2013). "Lesbian and Gay Adoptive Parents and Their Children". In Goldberg, Abbie E.; Allen, Katherine R. (eds.). LGBT-Parent Families: Innovations in Research and Implications for Practice. New York, NY: Springer. pp. 39–55. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4556-2_3. ISBN 978-1-4614-4556-2.
Averett, Paige; Nalavany, Blace; Ryan, Scott (30 November 2009). "An Evaluation of Gay/Lesbian and Heterosexual Adoption". Adoption Quarterly. 12 (3–4): 129–151. doi:10.1080/10926750903313278. ISSN 1092-6755. S2CID 143679873.
Goldberg, Abbie E.; Smith, JuliAnna Z. (2013). "Predictors of psychological adjustment in early placed adopted children with lesbian, gay, and heterosexual parents". Journal of Family Psychology. 27 (3): 431–442. doi:10.1037/a0032911. ISSN 1939-1293. PMID 23750525.
Wegar, Katarina (2000). "Adoption, Family Ideology, and Social Stigma: Bias in Community Attitudes, Adoption Research, and Practice". Family Relations. 49 (4): 363–370. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2000.00363.x. JSTOR 585831.
March, K. (1995). "Perception of Adoption as Social Stigma: Motivation for Search and Reunion". Journal of Marriage and the Family. 57 (3): 653–660. doi:10.2307/353920. JSTOR 353920. p. 654.
Abdollahzadeh, H., Chaloui.O., Mahmoudi, H.(2019). The Development and Standardization of Psychometric Criteria of Attitude toward Adoption Questionnaire (ATAQ) and its Relation to Prosocial Behavior and Character Strengths, International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences (IJABS),6(1),1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22037/ijabs.v6i1.26379
Logan, J. (1996). "Birth Mothers and Their Mental Health: Uncharted Territory". British Journal of Social Work. 26 (5): 609–625. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a011137.
Wells, S. (1993). "What do Birthmothers Want?". Adoption & Fostering. 17 (4): 22–26. doi:10.1177/030857599301700405. S2CID 147064719.
March, K. (1995). "Perception of Adoption as Social Stigma: Motivation for Search and Reunion". Journal of Marriage and the Family. 57 (3): 653–660. doi:10.2307/353920. JSTOR 353920.
Smit, Eileen M. (1 December 2002). "Adopted Children: Core Issues and Unique Challenges". Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing. 15 (4): 143–150. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6171.2002.tb00389.x. ISSN 1744-6171. PMID 12562132.

e-vision.nl

hcch.e-vision.nl

"33: Convention of 29 May 1993 on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption". HCCH. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 5 February 2024.

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Anthony, R.; Paine, A.L.; Westlake, M.; Lowthian, E.; Shelton, K.H. (7 November 2020). "Patterns of adversity and post-traumatic stress among children adopted from care". Child Abuse & Neglect. 130 (Pt 2): 104795. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104795. PMID 33172646. S2CID 226304165.

familyhelper.net

http://www.familyhelper.net/ad/adteach.html Robin Hillborn, Teacher's Guide to Adoption, 2005

findarticles.com

S. Finley-Croswhite, Review of Blood Ties and Fictive Ties, Canadian Journal of History^{[permanent dead link]}, August 1997

fordham.edu

Codex Justinianus Archived 14 August 2014 at the Wayback Machine

ft.com

"Searching for missing relatives in Poland". Financial Times. 30 October 2009.

ghostarchive.org

"Postadoption Contact Agreements Between Birth and Adoptive Families: Summary of State Laws" (PDF). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Children's Bureau. 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
"'One Child Nation' Exposes the Tragic Consequences of Chinese Population Control". Reason TV. YouTube. 16 August 2019. Archived from the original on 29 October 2021.

guttmacher.org

Mosher, William D.; Bachrach, Christine A. (January–February 1996). "Understanding U.S. Fertility: Continuity and Change in the National Survey of Family Growth, 1988–1995". Family Planning Perspectives. 28 (1). Guttmacher Institute: 5. doi:10.2307/2135956. JSTOR 2135956. Archived from the original on 24 October 2008.
Mosher, William D.; Bachrach, Christine A. (January–February 1996). "Understanding U.S. Fertility: Continuity and Change in the National Survey of Family Growth, 1988–1995". Family Planning Perspectives. 28 (1). Guttmacher Institute: 4–12. doi:10.2307/2135956. JSTOR 2135956. PMID 8822409. Archived from the original on 24 October 2008.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Gibson, K. (2009). "Differential parental investment in families with both adopted and genetic children". Evolution and Human Behavior. 30 (3): 184–189. Bibcode:2009EHumB..30..184G. doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2009.01.001.

hhs.gov

acf.hhs.gov

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Trends in Foster Care and Adoption
"AFCARS Report #1 – Current Estimates as of January 1999". Children's Bureau. Administration for Children and Families. Archived from the original on 26 September 2006. Retrieved 18 July 2006.

inist.fr

cat.inist.fr

Vogler, G.P., Influences of genes and shared family environment on adult body mass index assessed in an adoption study by a comprehensive path model, International journal of obesity, 1995, vol. 19, no1, pp. 40–45

isadopt.is

Íslensk Ættleiðing, Adoption Numbers Archived 23 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine

isrr.net

ISRR – International Soundex Reunion Registry Reunion Registry^{[permanent dead link]}

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Demo Istat, Demographic Balance Archived 16 June 2008 at the Wayback Machine, 2006

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Gitta Sereny, "Stolen Children", rpt. in Jewish Virtual Library (American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise). Accessed 15 September 2008.

jstor.org

Mosher, William D.; Bachrach, Christine A. (January–February 1996). "Understanding U.S. Fertility: Continuity and Change in the National Survey of Family Growth, 1988–1995". Family Planning Perspectives. 28 (1). Guttmacher Institute: 5. doi:10.2307/2135956. JSTOR 2135956. Archived from the original on 24 October 2008.
Mosher, William D.; Bachrach, Christine A. (January–February 1996). "Understanding U.S. Fertility: Continuity and Change in the National Survey of Family Growth, 1988–1995". Family Planning Perspectives. 28 (1). Guttmacher Institute: 4–12. doi:10.2307/2135956. JSTOR 2135956. PMID 8822409. Archived from the original on 24 October 2008.
as cited in Kallen, D.J.; Griffore, R.J.; Popovich, S.; Powell, V. (1990). "Adolescent mothers and their mothers view adoption". Family Relations. 39 (3): 311–316. doi:10.2307/584877. JSTOR 584877.
Donnelly, B.W.; Voydanoff, P. (1996). "Parenting versus placing for adoption: Consequences for adolescent mothers". Family Relations. 45 (4): 427–434. doi:10.2307/585172. JSTOR 585172.
Kalmuss, D.; Namerow, P.B.; Bauer, U. (1992). "Short-term consequences of parenting versus adoption among young unmarried women". Journal of Marriage and Family. 54 (1): 80–90. doi:10.2307/353277. JSTOR 353277.
McLaughlin, S.D.; Manninen, D.L.; Winges, L.D. (1988). "Do adolescents who relinquish their children fare better or worse than those who raise them?". Family Planning Perspectives. 20 (1): 25–32. doi:10.2307/2135594. JSTOR 2135594. PMID 3371467.
Border, L. DiAnne (2000). "Adult Adoptees and Their Friends" (PDF). Family Relations. 49 (4): 407–418. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2000.00407.x. JSTOR 585836.
Wegar, Katarina (2000). "Adoption, Family Ideology, and Social Stigma: Bias in Community Attitudes, Adoption Research, and Practice". Family Relations. 49 (4): 363–370. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2000.00363.x. JSTOR 585831.
March, K. (1995). "Perception of Adoption as Social Stigma: Motivation for Search and Reunion". Journal of Marriage and the Family. 57 (3): 653–660. doi:10.2307/353920. JSTOR 353920. p. 654.
March, K. (1995). "Perception of Adoption as Social Stigma: Motivation for Search and Reunion". Journal of Marriage and the Family. 57 (3): 653–660. doi:10.2307/353920. JSTOR 353920.

justia.com

supreme.justia.com

"US Supreme Court Cases from Justia & Oyez". Retrieved 19 July 2011.

latediscoveryadoptees.com

"A safe space for Late-Discovery Adoptees or anyone who has made an unexpected discovery about their parentage". latediscoveryadoptees.com. Retrieved 21 February 2023.

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http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/dissertations/AAINN60675/ Archived 10 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine K. March, "The stranger who bore me: Adoptee-birth mother interactions," Dissertation, McMaster University, 1990

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"Position Papers". OriginsUSA. Archived from the original on 12 September 2007. Retrieved 2 May 2008.

mit.edu

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Gass-Poore, Jordan. "Most American adoptees can't access their birth certificates. That could soon change". Mother Jones. Retrieved 29 April 2022.

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AJ Stunkard, An adoption study of human obesity, The New England Journal of Medicine Archived 4 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine Volume 314:193–198, 23 January 1986

nicwa.org

National Indian Child Welfare Association: the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 (ICWA) Archived 14 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Mosher, William D.; Bachrach, Christine A. (January–February 1996). "Understanding U.S. Fertility: Continuity and Change in the National Survey of Family Growth, 1988–1995". Family Planning Perspectives. 28 (1). Guttmacher Institute: 4–12. doi:10.2307/2135956. JSTOR 2135956. PMID 8822409. Archived from the original on 24 October 2008.
Gauthier, L.; Stollak, G.; Messe, L.; Arnoff, J. (1996). "Recall of childhood neglect and physical abuse as differential predictors of current psychological functioning". Child Abuse and Neglect. 20 (7): 549–559. doi:10.1016/0145-2134(96)00043-9. PMID 8832112.
Malinosky-Rummell, R.; Hansen, D.J. (1993). "Long term consequences of childhood physical abuse". Psychological Bulletin. 114 (1): 68–69. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.68. PMID 8346329.
Carlson, E.A. (1988). "A prospective longitudinal study of disorganized/disoriented attachment". Child Development. 69 (4): 1107–1128. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06163.x. PMID 9768489.
Lyons-Ruth, K. (1996). "Attachment relationships among children with aggressive behavior problems: The role of disorganized early attachment patterns". Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 64 (1): 64–73. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.463.4585. doi:10.1037/0022-006x.64.1.64. PMID 8907085.
Lyons-Ruth, K.; Alpern, L.; Repacholi, B. (1993). "Disorganized infant attachment classification and maternal psychosocial problems as predictors of hostile-aggressive behavior in the preschool classroom". Child Development. 64 (2): 572–585. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1993.tb02929.x. PMID 8477635.
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