African trypanosomiasis (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "African trypanosomiasis" in English language version.

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92nih.gov

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Tweneboah A, Rosenau J, Addo KA, Addison TK, Ibrahim MA, Weber JS, Kelm S, Badu K (5 June 2024). "The Transmission of Animal African Trypanosomiasis in Two Districts in the Forest Zone of Ghana". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 110 (6): 1127–1136. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.23-0329. ISSN 0002-9637. PMC 11154048. PMID 38697074.

allafrica.com

"Uganda: Sleeping Sickness Reaching Alarming Levels". New Vision. 11 May 2008. Archived from the original on 21 May 2008.

books.google.com

Fage JD (5 September 1985). The Cambridge History of Africa: From the earliest times to c. 500 BC. Cambridge University Press. p. 748. ISBN 978-0-521-22803-9. Archived from the original on 18 March 2015.
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Hellgren U, Ericsson O, AdenAbdi Y, Gustafsson LL (20 May 2003). "Eflornithine". Handbook of Drugs for Tropical Parasitic Infections. CRC Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-203-21151-9.

cdc.gov

"Neglected Tropical Diseases". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 6 June 2011. Archived from the original on 4 December 2014. Retrieved 28 November 2014.
"CDC – African Trypanosomiasis – Disease". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 28 April 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
"CDC – African Trypanosomiasis – General Information – East African Trypanosomiasis FAQs". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 22 April 2019. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
"East African Trypanosomiasis FAQs". Parasites – African Trypanosomiasis (also known as Sleeping Sickness). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 29 August 2012. Archived from the original on 11 July 2017.
"West African Trypanosomiasis FAQs". Parasites – African Trypanosomiasis (also known as Sleeping Sickness). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 29 August 2012. Archived from the original on 19 June 2017.
"Trypanosomiasis, African". CDC. 8 June 2018. Retrieved 18 June 2024.

dndi.org

"Fexinidazole, the first all-oral treatment for sleeping sickness, approved in the Democratic Republic of Congo – DNDi". dndi.org. 29 January 2019. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
"Nifurtimox-eflornithine combination therapy (NECT)". 31 December 2003.
"Acoziborole | DNDi". 31 December 2009.
"Fexinidazole, the first all-oral treatment for sleeping sickness, approved in Democratic Republic of Congo | DNDi". Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi). 29 January 2019. Retrieved 4 June 2019.

doi.org

Kennedy PG (February 2013). "Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)". The Lancet. Neurology. 12 (2): 186–194. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70296-X. PMID 23260189. S2CID 8688394.
Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, et al. (GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
Simarro PP, Cecchi G, Franco JR, Paone M, Diarra A, Ruiz-Postigo JA, et al. (2012). "Estimating and mapping the population at risk of sleeping sickness". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 6 (10): e1859. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001859. PMC 3493382. PMID 23145192.
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Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, et al. (December 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". Lancet. 380 (9859): 2095–2128. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. hdl:10536/DRO/DU:30050819. PMC 10790329. PMID 23245604. S2CID 1541253.
Lundkvist GB, Kristensson K, Bentivoglio M (August 2004). "Why trypanosomes cause sleeping sickness". Physiology. 19 (4): 198–206. doi:10.1152/physiol.00006.2004. PMID 15304634. S2CID 17844506.
Urech K, Neumayr A, Blum J (1 November 2011). Ghedin E (ed.). "Sleeping Sickness in Travelers - Do They Really Sleep?". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 5 (11): e1358. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001358. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 3206012. PMID 22069503.
Kennedy PG, Rodgers J (25 January 2019). "Clinical and Neuropathogenetic Aspects of Human African Trypanosomiasis". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 39. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00039. PMC 6355679. PMID 30740102.
Gómez-Junyent J, Pinazo MJ, Castro P, Fernández S, Mas J, Chaguaceda C, et al. (March 2017). "Human African Trypanosomiasis in a Spanish traveler returning from Tanzania". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 11 (3): e0005324. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005324. PMC 5373517. PMID 28358876.
Paul M, Stefaniak J, Smuszkiewicz P, Van Esbroeck M, Geysen D, Clerinx J (February 2014). "Outcome of acute East African trypanosomiasis in a Polish traveller treated with pentamidine". BMC Infectious Diseases. 14: 111. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-14-111. PMC 3941560. PMID 24571399.
Kennedy P (25 January 2019). "Clinical and Neuropathogenetic Aspects of Human African Trypanosomiasis". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 39. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00039. PMC 6355679. PMID 30740102.
Rijo-Ferreira F, Carvalho T, Afonso C, Sanches-Vaz M, Costa RM, Figueiredo LM, Takahashi JS (4 January 2018). "Sleeping sickness is a circadian disorder". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 62. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9...62R. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-02484-2. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 5754353. PMID 29302035.
Cavadini G, Farkas I, Saez M, Brunner M, Kerekes T, Jäkel M (2007). "TNF-α suppresses the expression of clock genes by interfering with E-box-mediated transcription". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (31): 12843–12848. doi:10.1073/pnas.0701466104. PMC 1937554. PMID 17646651 – via PNAS.
Brun R, Blum J, Chappuis F, Burri C (January 2010). "Human African trypanosomiasis". Lancet. 375 (9709): 148–159. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60829-1. hdl:10144/114145. PMID 19833383. S2CID 39433996.
Rijo-Ferreira F, Bjorness TE, Cox KH, Sonneborn A, Greene RW, Takahashi JS (25 November 2020). "Sleeping Sickness Disrupts the Sleep-Regulating Adenosine System". The Journal of Neuroscience. 40 (48): 9306–9316. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1046-20.2020. ISSN 0270-6474. PMC 7687053. PMID 33097636.
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Rijo-Ferreira F, Takahashi JS (2 October 2020). "Sleeping Sickness: A Tale of Two Clocks". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 10. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.525097. ISSN 2235-2988. PMC 7562814. PMID 33134186.
Rijo-Ferreira F, Pinto-Neves D, Barbosa-Morais NL, Takahashi JS, Figueiredo LM (13 March 2017). "Trypanosoma brucei metabolism is under circadian control". Nature Microbiology. 2 (6): 17032. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.32. ISSN 2058-5276. PMC 5398093. PMID 28288095.
Franco JR, Simarro PP, Diarra A, Jannin JG (2014). "Epidemiology of human African trypanosomiasis". Clinical Epidemiology. 6: 257–275. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S39728. PMC 4130665. PMID 25125985.
Jamabo M, Mahlalela M, Edkins AL, Boshoff A (August 2023). "Tackling Sleeping Sickness: Current and Promising Therapeutics and Treatment Strategies". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 24 (15): 12529. doi:10.3390/ijms241512529. PMC 10420020. PMID 37569903.
Wamwiri FN, Changasi RE (2016). "Tsetse Flies (Glossina) as Vectors of Human African Trypanosomiasis: A Review". BioMed Research International. 2016: 6201350. doi:10.1155/2016/6201350. PMC 4789378. PMID 27034944.
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Cherenet T, Sani RA, Panandam JM, Nadzr S, Speybroeck N, van den Bossche P (December 2004). "Seasonal prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in a tsetse-infested zone and a tsetse-free zone of the Amhara Region, north-west Ethiopia". The Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research. 71 (4): 307–312. doi:10.4102/ojvr.v71i4.250. hdl:2078.1/104329. PMID 15732457.
Tweneboah A, Rosenau J, Addo KA, Addison TK, Ibrahim MA, Weber JS, Kelm S, Badu K (5 June 2024). "The Transmission of Animal African Trypanosomiasis in Two Districts in the Forest Zone of Ghana". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 110 (6): 1127–1136. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.23-0329. ISSN 0002-9637. PMC 11154048. PMID 38697074.
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Rayaisse JB, Salou E, Courtin F, Yoni W, Barry I, Dofini F, et al. (April 2015). "Baited-boats: an innovative way to control riverine tsetse, vectors of sleeping sickness in West Africa". Parasites & Vectors. 8: 236. doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0851-0. PMC 4436790. PMID 25928366.
Franco JR, Priotto G, Paone M, Cecchi G, Ebeja AK, Simarro PP, Sankara D, Metwally SB, Argaw DD (16 April 2024). "The elimination of human African trypanosomiasis: Monitoring progress towards the 2021–2030 WHO road map targets". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 18 (4): e0012111. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0012111. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 11073784. PMID 38626188.
Schofield CJ, Kabayo JP (August 2008). "Trypanosomiasis vector control in Africa and Latin America". Parasites & Vectors. 1 (1): 24. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-1-24. PMC 2526077. PMID 18673535.
Brun R, Blum J, Chappuis F, Burri C (January 2010). "Human African trypanosomiasis". Lancet. 375 (9709): 148–159. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60829-1. hdl:10144/114145. PMID 19833383. S2CID 39433996. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2019. See pp. 154–5
Lutje V, Seixas J, Kennedy A (June 2013). "Chemotherapy for second-stage human African trypanosomiasis". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2013 (6): CD006201. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006201.pub3. PMC 6532745. PMID 23807762.
Hofer A (2022). "Targeting the nucleotide metabolism of Trypanosoma brucei and other trypanosomatids". FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 47 (3): fuad020. doi:10.1093/femsre/fuad020. PMC 10208901. PMID 37156497.
Vodnala M, Ranjbarian F, Pavlova A, de Koning HP, Hofer A (2016). "Methylthioadenosine Phosphorylase Protects the Parasite from the Antitrypanosomal Effect of Deoxyadenosine: implications for the pharmacology of adenosine antimetabolites". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 291 (22): 11717–26. doi:10.1074/jbc.M116.715615. PMC 4882440. PMID 27036940.
Ranjbarian F, Vodnala M, Alzahrani KJ, Ebiloma GU, de Koning HP, Hofer A (2016). "9-(2'-Deoxy-2'-Fluoro-β-d-Arabinofuranosyl) Adenine Is a Potent Antitrypanosomal Adenosine Analogue That Circumvents Transport-Related Drug Resistance". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 61 (6): e02719-16. doi:10.1128/AAC.02719-16. PMC 5444181. PMID 28373184.
Franco JR, Cecchi G, Priotto G, Paone M, Diarra A, Grout L, et al. (May 2017). "Monitoring the elimination of human African trypanosomiasis: Update to 2014". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 11 (5): e0005585. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005585. PMC 5456402. PMID 28531222.
Franco JR, Priotto G, Paone M, Cecchi G, Ebeja AK, Simarro PP, Sankara D, Metwally SB, Argaw DD (16 April 2024). "The elimination of human African trypanosomiasis: Monitoring progress towards the 2021–2030 WHO road map targets". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 18 (4): e0012111. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0012111. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 11073784. PMID 38626188.
Nuwer R (9 January 2025). "Why the last cases of sleeping sickness will be the hardest to eliminate". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-025-00013-6. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 39789138.
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Wéry M (August 1994). "Drug used in the treatment of sleeping sickness (human African trypanosomiasis: HAT)". International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 4 (3): 227–238. doi:10.1016/0924-8579(94)90012-4. PMID 18611614.
Berriman M, Ghedin E, Hertz-Fowler C, Blandin G, Renauld H, Bartholomeu DC, et al. (July 2005). "The genome of the African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei". Science. 309 (5733): 416–422. Bibcode:2005Sci...309..416B. doi:10.1126/science.1112642. PMID 16020726. S2CID 18649858.
Doudoumis V, Alam U, Aksoy E, Abd-Alla AM, Tsiamis G, Brelsfoard C, et al. (March 2013). "Tsetse-Wolbachia symbiosis: comes of age and has great potential for pest and disease control". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 112 Suppl: S94-103. Bibcode:2013JInvP.112S..94D. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2012.05.010. PMC 3772542. PMID 22835476.
Schmid C, Kuemmerle A, Blum J, Ghabri S, Kande V, Mutombo W, Ilunga M, Lumpungu I, Mutanda S, Nganzobo P, Tete D, Mubwa N, Kisala M, Blesson S, Mordt OV (29 November 2012). "In-Hospital Safety in Field Conditions of Nifurtimox Eflornithine Combination Therapy (NECT) for T. b. gambiense Sleeping Sickness". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 6 (11): e1920. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001920. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 3510081. PMID 23209861.
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Haag J, O'hUigin C, Overath P (1 March 1998). "The molecular phylogeny of trypanosomes: evidence for an early divergence of the Salivaria". Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology. 91 (1): 37–49. doi:10.1016/S0166-6851(97)00185-0. ISSN 0166-6851. PMID 9574924.
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Brun R, Blum J, Chappuis F, Burri C (January 2010). "Human African trypanosomiasis". Lancet. 375 (9709): 148–159. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60829-1. hdl:10144/114145. PMID 19833383. S2CID 39433996.
Cherenet T, Sani RA, Panandam JM, Nadzr S, Speybroeck N, van den Bossche P (December 2004). "Seasonal prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in a tsetse-infested zone and a tsetse-free zone of the Amhara Region, north-west Ethiopia". The Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research. 71 (4): 307–312. doi:10.4102/ojvr.v71i4.250. hdl:2078.1/104329. PMID 15732457.
Brun R, Blum J, Chappuis F, Burri C (January 2010). "Human African trypanosomiasis". Lancet. 375 (9709): 148–159. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60829-1. hdl:10144/114145. PMID 19833383. S2CID 39433996. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2019. See pp. 154–5
Fèvre EM, Coleman PG, Welburn SC, Maudlin I (April 2004). "Reanalyzing the 1900-1920 sleeping sickness epidemic in Uganda". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 10 (4): 567–573. doi:10.3201/eid1004.020626. hdl:10568/61873. PMID 15200843.

harvard.edu

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Rijo-Ferreira F, Carvalho T, Afonso C, Sanches-Vaz M, Costa RM, Figueiredo LM, Takahashi JS (4 January 2018). "Sleeping sickness is a circadian disorder". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 62. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9...62R. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-02484-2. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 5754353. PMID 29302035.
Berriman M, Ghedin E, Hertz-Fowler C, Blandin G, Renauld H, Bartholomeu DC, et al. (July 2005). "The genome of the African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei". Science. 309 (5733): 416–422. Bibcode:2005Sci...309..416B. doi:10.1126/science.1112642. PMID 16020726. S2CID 18649858.
Doudoumis V, Alam U, Aksoy E, Abd-Alla AM, Tsiamis G, Brelsfoard C, et al. (March 2013). "Tsetse-Wolbachia symbiosis: comes of age and has great potential for pest and disease control". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 112 Suppl: S94-103. Bibcode:2013JInvP.112S..94D. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2012.05.010. PMC 3772542. PMID 22835476.

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jstor.org

Lambrecht FL (1 November 1985). "Trypanosomes and Hominid Evolution: Tsetse flies and trypanosomes may have played a role in early hominid evolution". BioScience. 35 (10): 640–646. doi:10.2307/1309990. ISSN 0006-3568. JSTOR 1309990.

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Brun R, Blum J, Chappuis F, Burri C (January 2010). "Human African trypanosomiasis". Lancet. 375 (9709): 148–159. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60829-1. hdl:10144/114145. PMID 19833383. S2CID 39433996. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2019. See pp. 154–5

nature.com

Nuwer R (9 January 2025). "Why the last cases of sleeping sickness will be the hardest to eliminate". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-025-00013-6. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 39789138.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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Simarro PP, Cecchi G, Franco JR, Paone M, Diarra A, Ruiz-Postigo JA, et al. (2012). "Estimating and mapping the population at risk of sleeping sickness". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 6 (10): e1859. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001859. PMC 3493382. PMID 23145192.
Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, et al. (GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, et al. (December 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". Lancet. 380 (9859): 2095–2128. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. hdl:10536/DRO/DU:30050819. PMC 10790329. PMID 23245604. S2CID 1541253.
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Urech K, Neumayr A, Blum J (1 November 2011). Ghedin E (ed.). "Sleeping Sickness in Travelers - Do They Really Sleep?". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 5 (11): e1358. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001358. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 3206012. PMID 22069503.
Kennedy PG, Rodgers J (25 January 2019). "Clinical and Neuropathogenetic Aspects of Human African Trypanosomiasis". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 39. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00039. PMC 6355679. PMID 30740102.
Gómez-Junyent J, Pinazo MJ, Castro P, Fernández S, Mas J, Chaguaceda C, et al. (March 2017). "Human African Trypanosomiasis in a Spanish traveler returning from Tanzania". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 11 (3): e0005324. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005324. PMC 5373517. PMID 28358876.
Paul M, Stefaniak J, Smuszkiewicz P, Van Esbroeck M, Geysen D, Clerinx J (February 2014). "Outcome of acute East African trypanosomiasis in a Polish traveller treated with pentamidine". BMC Infectious Diseases. 14: 111. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-14-111. PMC 3941560. PMID 24571399.
Kennedy P (25 January 2019). "Clinical and Neuropathogenetic Aspects of Human African Trypanosomiasis". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 39. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00039. PMC 6355679. PMID 30740102.
Maxfield L, Bermudez R (2020). "Trypanosomiasis (Trypansomiasis)". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 30571034. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
Rijo-Ferreira F, Carvalho T, Afonso C, Sanches-Vaz M, Costa RM, Figueiredo LM, Takahashi JS (4 January 2018). "Sleeping sickness is a circadian disorder". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 62. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9...62R. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-02484-2. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 5754353. PMID 29302035.
Cavadini G, Farkas I, Saez M, Brunner M, Kerekes T, Jäkel M (2007). "TNF-α suppresses the expression of clock genes by interfering with E-box-mediated transcription". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (31): 12843–12848. doi:10.1073/pnas.0701466104. PMC 1937554. PMID 17646651 – via PNAS.
Brun R, Blum J, Chappuis F, Burri C (January 2010). "Human African trypanosomiasis". Lancet. 375 (9709): 148–159. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60829-1. hdl:10144/114145. PMID 19833383. S2CID 39433996.
Rijo-Ferreira F, Bjorness TE, Cox KH, Sonneborn A, Greene RW, Takahashi JS (25 November 2020). "Sleeping Sickness Disrupts the Sleep-Regulating Adenosine System". The Journal of Neuroscience. 40 (48): 9306–9316. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1046-20.2020. ISSN 0270-6474. PMC 7687053. PMID 33097636.
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Rijo-Ferreira F, Takahashi JS (2 October 2020). "Sleeping Sickness: A Tale of Two Clocks". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 10. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.525097. ISSN 2235-2988. PMC 7562814. PMID 33134186.
Rijo-Ferreira F, Pinto-Neves D, Barbosa-Morais NL, Takahashi JS, Figueiredo LM (13 March 2017). "Trypanosoma brucei metabolism is under circadian control". Nature Microbiology. 2 (6): 17032. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.32. ISSN 2058-5276. PMC 5398093. PMID 28288095.
Franco JR, Simarro PP, Diarra A, Jannin JG (2014). "Epidemiology of human African trypanosomiasis". Clinical Epidemiology. 6: 257–275. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S39728. PMC 4130665. PMID 25125985.
Jamabo M, Mahlalela M, Edkins AL, Boshoff A (August 2023). "Tackling Sleeping Sickness: Current and Promising Therapeutics and Treatment Strategies". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 24 (15): 12529. doi:10.3390/ijms241512529. PMC 10420020. PMID 37569903.
Wamwiri FN, Changasi RE (2016). "Tsetse Flies (Glossina) as Vectors of Human African Trypanosomiasis: A Review". BioMed Research International. 2016: 6201350. doi:10.1155/2016/6201350. PMC 4789378. PMID 27034944.
Christiano R, Kolev NG, Shi H, Ullu E, Walther TC, Tschudi C (October 2017). "The proteome and transcriptome of the infectious metacyclic form of Trypanosoma brucei define quiescent cells primed for mammalian invasion". Molecular Microbiology. 106 (1): 74–92. doi:10.1111/mmi.13754. ISSN 0950-382X. PMC 5607103. PMID 28742275.
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Rayaisse JB, Salou E, Courtin F, Yoni W, Barry I, Dofini F, et al. (April 2015). "Baited-boats: an innovative way to control riverine tsetse, vectors of sleeping sickness in West Africa". Parasites & Vectors. 8: 236. doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0851-0. PMC 4436790. PMID 25928366.
Franco JR, Priotto G, Paone M, Cecchi G, Ebeja AK, Simarro PP, Sankara D, Metwally SB, Argaw DD (16 April 2024). "The elimination of human African trypanosomiasis: Monitoring progress towards the 2021–2030 WHO road map targets". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 18 (4): e0012111. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0012111. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 11073784. PMID 38626188.
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Brun R, Blum J, Chappuis F, Burri C (January 2010). "Human African trypanosomiasis". Lancet. 375 (9709): 148–159. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60829-1. hdl:10144/114145. PMID 19833383. S2CID 39433996. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2019. See pp. 154–5
Lutje V, Seixas J, Kennedy A (June 2013). "Chemotherapy for second-stage human African trypanosomiasis". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2013 (6): CD006201. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006201.pub3. PMC 6532745. PMID 23807762.
Hofer A (2022). "Targeting the nucleotide metabolism of Trypanosoma brucei and other trypanosomatids". FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 47 (3): fuad020. doi:10.1093/femsre/fuad020. PMC 10208901. PMID 37156497.
Vodnala M, Ranjbarian F, Pavlova A, de Koning HP, Hofer A (2016). "Methylthioadenosine Phosphorylase Protects the Parasite from the Antitrypanosomal Effect of Deoxyadenosine: implications for the pharmacology of adenosine antimetabolites". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 291 (22): 11717–26. doi:10.1074/jbc.M116.715615. PMC 4882440. PMID 27036940.
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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, et al. (GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
Simarro PP, Cecchi G, Franco JR, Paone M, Diarra A, Ruiz-Postigo JA, et al. (2012). "Estimating and mapping the population at risk of sleeping sickness". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 6 (10): e1859. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001859. PMC 3493382. PMID 23145192.
Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, et al. (GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, et al. (December 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". Lancet. 380 (9859): 2095–2128. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. hdl:10536/DRO/DU:30050819. PMC 10790329. PMID 23245604. S2CID 1541253.
Urech K, Neumayr A, Blum J (1 November 2011). Ghedin E (ed.). "Sleeping Sickness in Travelers - Do They Really Sleep?". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 5 (11): e1358. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001358. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 3206012. PMID 22069503.
Kennedy PG, Rodgers J (25 January 2019). "Clinical and Neuropathogenetic Aspects of Human African Trypanosomiasis". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 39. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00039. PMC 6355679. PMID 30740102.
Gómez-Junyent J, Pinazo MJ, Castro P, Fernández S, Mas J, Chaguaceda C, et al. (March 2017). "Human African Trypanosomiasis in a Spanish traveler returning from Tanzania". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 11 (3): e0005324. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005324. PMC 5373517. PMID 28358876.
Paul M, Stefaniak J, Smuszkiewicz P, Van Esbroeck M, Geysen D, Clerinx J (February 2014). "Outcome of acute East African trypanosomiasis in a Polish traveller treated with pentamidine". BMC Infectious Diseases. 14: 111. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-14-111. PMC 3941560. PMID 24571399.
Kennedy P (25 January 2019). "Clinical and Neuropathogenetic Aspects of Human African Trypanosomiasis". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 39. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00039. PMC 6355679. PMID 30740102.
Maxfield L, Bermudez R (2020). "Trypanosomiasis (Trypansomiasis)". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 30571034. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
Rijo-Ferreira F, Carvalho T, Afonso C, Sanches-Vaz M, Costa RM, Figueiredo LM, Takahashi JS (4 January 2018). "Sleeping sickness is a circadian disorder". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 62. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9...62R. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-02484-2. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 5754353. PMID 29302035.
Cavadini G, Farkas I, Saez M, Brunner M, Kerekes T, Jäkel M (2007). "TNF-α suppresses the expression of clock genes by interfering with E-box-mediated transcription". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (31): 12843–12848. doi:10.1073/pnas.0701466104. PMC 1937554. PMID 17646651 – via PNAS.
Rijo-Ferreira F, Bjorness TE, Cox KH, Sonneborn A, Greene RW, Takahashi JS (25 November 2020). "Sleeping Sickness Disrupts the Sleep-Regulating Adenosine System". The Journal of Neuroscience. 40 (48): 9306–9316. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1046-20.2020. ISSN 0270-6474. PMC 7687053. PMID 33097636.
Rijo-Ferreira F, Takahashi JS (2 October 2020). "Sleeping Sickness: A Tale of Two Clocks". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 10. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.525097. ISSN 2235-2988. PMC 7562814. PMID 33134186.
Rijo-Ferreira F, Pinto-Neves D, Barbosa-Morais NL, Takahashi JS, Figueiredo LM (13 March 2017). "Trypanosoma brucei metabolism is under circadian control". Nature Microbiology. 2 (6): 17032. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.32. ISSN 2058-5276. PMC 5398093. PMID 28288095.
Franco JR, Simarro PP, Diarra A, Jannin JG (2014). "Epidemiology of human African trypanosomiasis". Clinical Epidemiology. 6: 257–275. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S39728. PMC 4130665. PMID 25125985.
Jamabo M, Mahlalela M, Edkins AL, Boshoff A (August 2023). "Tackling Sleeping Sickness: Current and Promising Therapeutics and Treatment Strategies". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 24 (15): 12529. doi:10.3390/ijms241512529. PMC 10420020. PMID 37569903.
Wamwiri FN, Changasi RE (2016). "Tsetse Flies (Glossina) as Vectors of Human African Trypanosomiasis: A Review". BioMed Research International. 2016: 6201350. doi:10.1155/2016/6201350. PMC 4789378. PMID 27034944.
Christiano R, Kolev NG, Shi H, Ullu E, Walther TC, Tschudi C (October 2017). "The proteome and transcriptome of the infectious metacyclic form of Trypanosoma brucei define quiescent cells primed for mammalian invasion". Molecular Microbiology. 106 (1): 74–92. doi:10.1111/mmi.13754. ISSN 0950-382X. PMC 5607103. PMID 28742275.
Tweneboah A, Rosenau J, Addo KA, Addison TK, Ibrahim MA, Weber JS, Kelm S, Badu K (5 June 2024). "The Transmission of Animal African Trypanosomiasis in Two Districts in the Forest Zone of Ghana". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 110 (6): 1127–1136. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.23-0329. ISSN 0002-9637. PMC 11154048. PMID 38697074.
Cornford EM, Bocash WD, Braun LD, Crane PD, Oldendorf WH, MacInnis AJ (June 1979). "Rapid distribution of tryptophol (3-indole ethanol) to the brain and other tissues". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 63 (6): 1241–1248. doi:10.1172/JCI109419. PMC 372073. PMID 447842.
Truc P, Lejon V, Magnus E, Jamonneau V, Nangouma A, Verloo D, et al. (2002). "Evaluation of the micro-CATT, CATT/Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, and LATEX/T b gambiense methods for serodiagnosis and surveillance of human African trypanosomiasis in West and Central Africa". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 80 (11): 882–886. PMC 2567684. PMID 12481210. Archived from the original on 19 September 2011.
Rayaisse JB, Salou E, Courtin F, Yoni W, Barry I, Dofini F, et al. (April 2015). "Baited-boats: an innovative way to control riverine tsetse, vectors of sleeping sickness in West Africa". Parasites & Vectors. 8: 236. doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0851-0. PMC 4436790. PMID 25928366.
Franco JR, Priotto G, Paone M, Cecchi G, Ebeja AK, Simarro PP, Sankara D, Metwally SB, Argaw DD (16 April 2024). "The elimination of human African trypanosomiasis: Monitoring progress towards the 2021–2030 WHO road map targets". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 18 (4): e0012111. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0012111. ISSN 1935-2735. PMC 11073784. PMID 38626188.
Schofield CJ, Kabayo JP (August 2008). "Trypanosomiasis vector control in Africa and Latin America". Parasites & Vectors. 1 (1): 24. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-1-24. PMC 2526077. PMID 18673535.
Lutje V, Seixas J, Kennedy A (June 2013). "Chemotherapy for second-stage human African trypanosomiasis". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2013 (6): CD006201. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006201.pub3. PMC 6532745. PMID 23807762.
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