Afrin, Syria (English Wikipedia)

Winter, Stefan (2005). "Les Kurdes du Nord-Ouest syrien et l'État ottoman, 1690-1750". In Afifi, Mohammad (ed.). Sociétés rurales ottomanes. Cairo: IFAO. pp. 243–258. ISBN 2724704118.

afrinpost.net

"Connecting electricity to Afrin: economic and profitable project aims to link the region in service and economic and with Turkey". Afrinpost-English. 22 November 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2021.

al-monitor.com

"Syria's first Kurdish university attracts controversy as well as students". Al-Monitor. 18 May 2016. Archived from the original on 21 May 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2016.

aljazeera.com

"Dozens killed in fuel-truck blast in Syrian town of Afrin". Al Jazeera. 29 April 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2021.

amnesty.org

"Syria: Turkey must stop serious violations by allied groups and its own forces in Afrin". Amnesty International. 2 August 2018. Archived from the original on 21 November 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2018.

archive.today

General Census of Population and Housing 2004. Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Aleppo Governorate. (in Arabic)
"After Cizîre, Kobanê Canton has been declared". Firat News. 28 January 2014. Archived from the original on 20 September 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.

bbc.co.uk

monitoring.bbc.co.uk

"BBC Monitoring – Essential Media Insight". monitoring.bbc.co.uk. 13 February 2019. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2021.

bbc.com

"Syria war: Turkey-backed forces oust Kurds from heart of Afrin". BBC. 18 March 2018. Archived from the original on 25 June 2018.
Darke, Diana (2018). "How historical Afrin became a prize worth a war". BBC News. Archived from the original on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
"Syria war: Turkish air strikes 'damage ancient Afrin temple'". BBC News. 29 January 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
"Syria war: Turkey-backed forces oust Kurds from heart of Afrin". BBC. 18 March 2018. Archived from the original on 25 June 2018.
"Syria war: Afrin looted by Turkish-backed rebels". BBC News. 19 March 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2021.

books.google.com

John David Hawkins (2000). Inscriptions of the Iron Age: Part 1: Text, Introduction, Karatepe, Karkamis, Tell Ahmar, Maras, Malatya, Commagene. Part 2: Text, Amuq, Aleppo, Hama, Tabal, Assur Letters, Miscellaneous, Seals, Indices. Part 3: Plates. Walter de Gruyter. p. 387. ISBN 9783110804201. Archived from the original on 11 April 2017.
John David Hawkins (2000). Inscriptions of the Iron Age: Part 1: Text, Introduction, Karatepe, Karkamis, Tell Ahmar, Maras, Malatya, Commagene. Part 2: Text, Amuq, Aleppo, Hama, Tabal, Assur Letters, Miscellaneous, Seals, Indices. Part 3: Plates. Walter de Gruyter. p. 386. ISBN 9783110804201. Archived from the original on 11 April 2017.
Palmer, Andrew (1993). The Seventh Century in the West-Syrian Chronicles. Liverpool University Press. pp. 209, 525. ISBN 9780853232384. Archived from the original on 20 December 2018.
Human Rights Watch (2016). World report 2016: events of 2015. Policy Press. ISBN 9781447325505. Archived from the original on 20 December 2018.

civiroglu.net

"The Constitution of the Rojava Cantons; Personal Website of Mutlu Civiroglu". civiroglu.net. 28 April 2014. Archived from the original on 22 June 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.

doi.org

Maclean, Gerald Martin (25 October 2019). "British Travellers, the Kurds, and Kurdistan: a brief literary history, c. 1520-1673". Kurdish Studies. 7 (2): 113–134. doi:10.33182/ks.v7i2.461 (inactive 1 November 2024). ISSN 2051-4891. S2CID 211668756.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
"YAZIDIS i. GENERAL". Encyclopaedia Iranica Online. doi:10.1163/2330-4804_eiro_com_1252. Retrieved 9 June 2021.

dx.doi.org

"YAZIDIS i. GENERAL". Encyclopaedia Iranica Online. doi:10.1163/2330-4804_eiro_com_1252. Retrieved 9 June 2021.

ecfr.eu

Aydıntaşbaş, Asli (28 May 2020). "A new Gaza: Turkey's border policy in northern Syria – European Council on Foreign Relations". ECFR. Retrieved 4 July 2021.

enabbaladi.net

english.enabbaladi.net

"Power delivery project revives hopes of people in Afrin". Enab Baladi. 26 May 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2021.

foxnews.com

Chakraborty, Barnini (1 February 2019). "Turkey accused of stealing Syrian olives, passing off oil as their own". Fox News. Archived from the original on 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.

france24.com

"Hundreds of civilians flee as Turkish forces advance on Syria's Afrin city". France 24. 12 March 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
"Car bomb kills six in northern Syria's Afrin: monitor". France 24. 11 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.

hawarnews.com

"Afrin University students continuing their studies at Rojava's University - ANHA | Ajansa Nûçeyan a Hawar". 3 August 2018. Archived from the original on 3 August 2018. Retrieved 30 April 2019.

huffingtonpost.com

"Syria's Kurds Warn Afrin Could Be The New Kobani". Archived from the original on 12 December 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2014.

hurriyetdailynews.com

"Interim local council established in Syria's Afrin". 12 April 2018. Archived from the original on 6 September 2018.

jpost.com

"Kurdish muscle flexing". The Jerusalem Post. 14 November 2012. Archived from the original on 20 November 2012.

kurdishstudies.net

Maclean, Gerald Martin (25 October 2019). "British Travellers, the Kurds, and Kurdistan: a brief literary history, c. 1520-1673". Kurdish Studies. 7 (2): 113–134. doi:10.33182/ks.v7i2.461 (inactive 1 November 2024). ISSN 2051-4891. S2CID 211668756.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)

kurdistan24.net

Barwari, Rawa (3 February 2019). "Turkey trains 'Syrian' teachers at Islamic school in Afrin, Turkifies curriculum". Kurdistan24. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
"Pro-Syrian government forces reach central Afrin despite Turkish shelling". Kurdistan 24. 20 February 2018. Archived from the original on 21 February 2018.
Wladimir van Wilgenburg (13 October 2022). "HTS enters Afrin for first time: SOHRA". Kurdistan 24.

mednuce.com

"Democratic autonomy has declared in Afrin canton in Rojava". Mednuce. 29 January 2014. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018.

middleeasteye.net

"Syria: Turkey to reorganise rebel groups as HTS withdraws from Afrin". Middle East Eye. 25 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2024.

nytimes.com

Weiner, Tim (20 February 1999). "U.S. Helped Turkey Find and Capture Kurd Rebel". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
Gall, Carlotta (20 January 2018). "72 Turkish Jets Bomb U.S.-Backed Kurdish Militias in Syria". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 20 January 2018.

ozgur-gundem.com

ÇİFTE DEVRİM Archived 9 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine in Özgür Gündem

refworld.org

"Syria: Military Service, Mandatory Self-Defence Duty and Recruitment to the YPG" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 June 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2018.

reliefweb.int

"Turkey | Syria: Latest Developments in Afrin District (as of 19 Mar 2018)" (PDF). OCHA.
"Between a Rock and a Hard Place – Civilians in North-western Syria" (PDF). Monthly human rights digest Syria. United Nations. June 2018. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 July 2018.

reuters.com

"Syrian government says Turkish shelling damaged ancient temple". Reuters. Archived from the original on 28 January 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
Perry, Tom (13 March 2018). "Syrian SDF accuses Ankara of ethnic cleansing in Afrin, Turkey denies". Reuters. Archived from the original on 13 December 2018. Retrieved 11 July 2021.
"Car bomb kills four in Syria's Afrin, medical source says". Reuters. 11 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
"Turkish university to open faculties in northern Syria". Reuters. 4 October 2019. Archived from the original on 3 November 2019. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
"Turkey opens gate with neighboring Syria's Afrin: trade minister". Reuters. 9 November 2018. Archived from the original on 10 November 2018.

rsf.org

"How Kurdistan's PYD keeps the media and news providers in line | RSF". May 2014. Archived from the original on 16 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.

rudaw.net

"Turkish-backed interim council elected in Afrin: state media". Archived from the original on 13 April 2018. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
"More Kurdish Cities Liberated As Syrian Army Withdraws from Area". Archived from the original on 21 July 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
"Liberated Kurdish Cities in Syria Move into Next Phase". Rudaw. 25 July 2012. Archived from the original on 28 July 2012.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Maclean, Gerald Martin (25 October 2019). "British Travellers, the Kurds, and Kurdistan: a brief literary history, c. 1520-1673". Kurdish Studies. 7 (2): 113–134. doi:10.33182/ks.v7i2.461 (inactive 1 November 2024). ISSN 2051-4891. S2CID 211668756.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)

setav.org

"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

sn4hr.org

"Not Less than 517 Arbitrary Arrests in March 2016 - Syrian Network for Human Rights". 6 April 2016. Archived from the original on 16 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.

supportkurds.org

"After Cizîre, Kobanê Canton has been declared". Firat News. 28 January 2014. Archived from the original on 20 September 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.

thenational.ae

"Syria: In Afrin offensive, some see Turkey as liberator - the National". 14 March 2018. Archived from the original on 17 December 2018. Retrieved 16 December 2018.

timesofisrael.com

"Ancient Syrian temple damaged in Turkish raids against Kurds". timesofisrael. Archived from the original on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2018.

trthaber.com

"Türkiye Afrin'de şifa dağıtıyor". www.trthaber.com (in Turkish). 28 June 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
"Afrin'de su hatları iyileştiriliyor". www.trthaber.com (in Turkish). 5 April 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2020.

washingtoninstitute.org

"Rojava's Sustainability and the PKK's Regional Strategy | The Washington Institute". www.washingtoninstitute.org. Retrieved 31 October 2024.

web.archive.org

"Syria war: Turkey-backed forces oust Kurds from heart of Afrin". BBC. 18 March 2018. Archived from the original on 25 June 2018.
"Turkish-backed interim council elected in Afrin: state media". Archived from the original on 13 April 2018. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
John David Hawkins (2000). Inscriptions of the Iron Age: Part 1: Text, Introduction, Karatepe, Karkamis, Tell Ahmar, Maras, Malatya, Commagene. Part 2: Text, Amuq, Aleppo, Hama, Tabal, Assur Letters, Miscellaneous, Seals, Indices. Part 3: Plates. Walter de Gruyter. p. 387. ISBN 9783110804201. Archived from the original on 11 April 2017.
John David Hawkins (2000). Inscriptions of the Iron Age: Part 1: Text, Introduction, Karatepe, Karkamis, Tell Ahmar, Maras, Malatya, Commagene. Part 2: Text, Amuq, Aleppo, Hama, Tabal, Assur Letters, Miscellaneous, Seals, Indices. Part 3: Plates. Walter de Gruyter. p. 386. ISBN 9783110804201. Archived from the original on 11 April 2017.
Darke, Diana (2018). "How historical Afrin became a prize worth a war". BBC News. Archived from the original on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
Palmer, Andrew (1993). The Seventh Century in the West-Syrian Chronicles. Liverpool University Press. pp. 209, 525. ISBN 9780853232384. Archived from the original on 20 December 2018.
"More Kurdish Cities Liberated As Syrian Army Withdraws from Area". Archived from the original on 21 July 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
"Liberated Kurdish Cities in Syria Move into Next Phase". Rudaw. 25 July 2012. Archived from the original on 28 July 2012.
"Kurdish muscle flexing". The Jerusalem Post. 14 November 2012. Archived from the original on 20 November 2012.
"Democratic autonomy has declared in Afrin canton in Rojava". Mednuce. 29 January 2014. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018.
"The Constitution of the Rojava Cantons; Personal Website of Mutlu Civiroglu". civiroglu.net. 28 April 2014. Archived from the original on 22 June 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
"Syria's Kurds Warn Afrin Could Be The New Kobani". Archived from the original on 12 December 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
ÇİFTE DEVRİM Archived 9 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine in Özgür Gündem
"Not Less than 517 Arbitrary Arrests in March 2016 - Syrian Network for Human Rights". 6 April 2016. Archived from the original on 16 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
"Syria: Military Service, Mandatory Self-Defence Duty and Recruitment to the YPG" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 June 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
"How Kurdistan's PYD keeps the media and news providers in line | RSF". May 2014. Archived from the original on 16 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
Human Rights Watch (2016). World report 2016: events of 2015. Policy Press. ISBN 9781447325505. Archived from the original on 20 December 2018.
"Syria: In Afrin offensive, some see Turkey as liberator - the National". 14 March 2018. Archived from the original on 17 December 2018. Retrieved 16 December 2018.
Gall, Carlotta (20 January 2018). "72 Turkish Jets Bomb U.S.-Backed Kurdish Militias in Syria". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 20 January 2018.
"Ancient Syrian temple damaged in Turkish raids against Kurds". timesofisrael. Archived from the original on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
"Syrian government says Turkish shelling damaged ancient temple". Reuters. Archived from the original on 28 January 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
"Pro-Syrian government forces reach central Afrin despite Turkish shelling". Kurdistan 24. 20 February 2018. Archived from the original on 21 February 2018.
Perry, Tom (13 March 2018). "Syrian SDF accuses Ankara of ethnic cleansing in Afrin, Turkey denies". Reuters. Archived from the original on 13 December 2018. Retrieved 11 July 2021.
"Syria war: Turkey-backed forces oust Kurds from heart of Afrin". BBC. 18 March 2018. Archived from the original on 25 June 2018.
"Pro-Turkish forces pillage Afrin after taking Syrian city". Yahoo news. 18 March 2018. Archived from the original on 18 March 2018.
"Interim local council established in Syria's Afrin". 12 April 2018. Archived from the original on 6 September 2018.
"Between a Rock and a Hard Place – Civilians in North-western Syria" (PDF). Monthly human rights digest Syria. United Nations. June 2018. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 July 2018.
"Syria: Turkey must stop serious violations by allied groups and its own forces in Afrin". Amnesty International. 2 August 2018. Archived from the original on 21 November 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
"Syria's first Kurdish university attracts controversy as well as students". Al-Monitor. 18 May 2016. Archived from the original on 21 May 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
"Afrin University students continuing their studies at Rojava's University - ANHA | Ajansa Nûçeyan a Hawar". 3 August 2018. Archived from the original on 3 August 2018. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
"Turkish university to open faculties in northern Syria". Reuters. 4 October 2019. Archived from the original on 3 November 2019. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
"BBC Monitoring – Essential Media Insight". monitoring.bbc.co.uk. 13 February 2019. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
Chakraborty, Barnini (1 February 2019). "Turkey accused of stealing Syrian olives, passing off oil as their own". Fox News. Archived from the original on 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
"Turkey opens gate with neighboring Syria's Afrin: trade minister". Reuters. 9 November 2018. Archived from the original on 10 November 2018.

who.int

emro.who.int

"WHO EMRO | WHO is providing urgent health services in response to displacements from Afrin | News | Media centre". www.emro.who.int. Retrieved 10 July 2021.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Maclean, Gerald Martin (25 October 2019). "British Travellers, the Kurds, and Kurdistan: a brief literary history, c. 1520-1673". Kurdish Studies. 7 (2): 113–134. doi:10.33182/ks.v7i2.461 (inactive 1 November 2024). ISSN 2051-4891. S2CID 211668756.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)

yahoo.com

sg.news.yahoo.com

"Pro-Turkish forces pillage Afrin after taking Syrian city". Yahoo news. 18 March 2018. Archived from the original on 18 March 2018.