Al-Azhar Mosque (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Al-Azhar Mosque" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

97books.google.com

3^rd place

7jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

5doi.org

2^nd place

5semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

3carnegieendowment.org

3,812^th place

3,173^rd place

1researchgate.net

120^th place

125^th place

1ahram.org.eg

1,003^rd place

1,560^th place

1almashareq.com

low place

1worldpoliticsreview.com

low place

ahram.org.eg

english.ahram.org.eg

"Al-Azhar Mosque shines after years-long restoration - Politics - Egypt". Ahram Online. Retrieved 18 June 2022.

almashareq.com

Al-Mashareq. "Al-Sisi, Saudi Crown Prince inaugurate Al-Azhar Mosque renovation". Al-Mashareq. Retrieved 18 June 2022.

books.google.com

Rabbat 1996, p. 53. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Bloom 2007, p. 104. Bloom, Jonathan (2007), "Ceremonial and Sacred Space in Early Fatimid Cairo", in Bennison, Amira K.; Gascoigne, Alison L. (eds.), Cities in the pre-modern Islamic world, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-42439-4
Blair 2000, p. 507. Blair, Sheila (2000), "Decorations of city walls in the medieval Islamic world: The epigraphic message", in Tracy, James D. (ed.), City walls: the urban enceinte in global perspective, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-65221-6
Hitti 1973, p. 114. Hitti, Philip Khuri (1973), Capital cities of Arab Islam, University of Minnesota Press, ISBN 978-0-8166-0663-4
Izre'el & Raz 1996, p. 153. Izre'el, Shlomo; Raz, Shlomo (1996), Studies in modern Semitic languages, Brill, ISBN 978-90-04-10646-8
Summerfield, Devine & Levi 1998, p. 9. Summerfield, Carol; Devine, Mary; Levi, Anthony, eds. (1998), International Dictionary of University Histories, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-1-884964-23-7
Petry & Daly 1998, p. 139. Petry, Carl F.; Daly, M. W., eds. (1998), The Cambridge history of Egypt, vol. 1, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-47137-4
Yeomans 2006, p. 52. Yeomans, Richard (2006), The art and architecture of Islamic Cairo, Garnet & Ithaca Press, ISBN 978-1-85964-154-5
Yeomans 2006, p. 53. Yeomans, Richard (2006), The art and architecture of Islamic Cairo, Garnet & Ithaca Press, ISBN 978-1-85964-154-5
Daftary 1998, p. 96. Daftary, Farhad (1998), A short history of the Ismailis: traditions of a Muslim community, Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 978-1-55876-194-0
Daftary 1998, p. 95. Daftary, Farhad (1998), A short history of the Ismailis: traditions of a Muslim community, Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 978-1-55876-194-0
Behrens-Abouseif 1992, p. 58. Behrens-Abouseif, Doris (1992), Islamic Architecture in Cairo (2nd ed.), Brill, ISBN 978-90-04-09626-4
Summerfield, Devine & Levi 1998, p. 10. Summerfield, Carol; Devine, Mary; Levi, Anthony, eds. (1998), International Dictionary of University Histories, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-1-884964-23-7
Rabbat 1996, p. 56. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Behrens-Abouseif 1992, p. 60. Behrens-Abouseif, Doris (1992), Islamic Architecture in Cairo (2nd ed.), Brill, ISBN 978-90-04-09626-4
Lulat 2005, p. 77. Lulat, Y. G-M. (2005), A history of African higher education from antiquity to the present: a critical synthesis, Praeger Publishers, ISBN 978-0-313-32061-3
Rabbat 1996, p. 57. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Rabbat 1996, p. 58. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Rabbat 1996, p. 48. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Rabbat 1996, p. 59. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Winter 2004, p. 115. Winter, Michael (2004), Egyptian Society Under Ottoman Rule, 1517–1798, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-203-16923-0
Winter 2004, p. 12. Winter, Michael (2004), Egyptian Society Under Ottoman Rule, 1517–1798, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-203-16923-0
Winter 2004, p. 14. Winter, Michael (2004), Egyptian Society Under Ottoman Rule, 1517–1798, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-203-16923-0
Rabbat 1996, pp. 59–60. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Rabbat 1996, pp. 49–50. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Rabbat 1996, pp. 60–61. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Abu Zayd, Amirpur & Setiawan 2006, p. 36. Abu Zayd, Nasr Hamid; Amirpur, Katajun; Setiawan, Mohamad Nur Kholis (2006), Reformation of Islamic thought: a critical historical analysis, Amsterdam University Press, ISBN 978-90-5356-828-6
Rahman 1984, p. 36. Rahman, Fazlur (1984), Islam & modernity: transformation of an intellectual tradition, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-70284-1
Winter 2004, p. 120. Winter, Michael (2004), Egyptian Society Under Ottoman Rule, 1517–1798, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-203-16923-0
Winter 2004, p. 121. Winter, Michael (2004), Egyptian Society Under Ottoman Rule, 1517–1798, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-203-16923-0
Raymond 2000, p. 293. Raymond, André (2000), Cairo, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0-674-00316-3
Watson 2003, pp. 13–14. Watson, William E. (2003), Tricolor and crescent: France and the Islamic world; Perspectives on the twentieth century, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 978-0-275-97470-1
Rabbat 1996, p. 61. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Dwyer 2008, p. 380. Dwyer, Philip G. (2008), Napoleon: the path to power, Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-13754-5
Watson 2003, p. 14. Watson, William E. (2003), Tricolor and crescent: France and the Islamic world; Perspectives on the twentieth century, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 978-0-275-97470-1
McGregor 2006, p. 43. McGregor, Andrew James (2006), A military history of modern Egypt: from the Ottoman Conquest to the Ramadan War, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 978-0-275-98601-8
Flower 1976, p. 49. Flower, Raymond (1976), Napoleon to Nasser: the story of modern Egypt, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-0-905562-00-1
Dwyer 2008, p. 403. Dwyer, Philip G. (2008), Napoleon: the path to power, Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-13754-5
Dwyer 2008, p. 404. Dwyer, Philip G. (2008), Napoleon: the path to power, Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-13754-5
Richmond 1977, p. 25. Richmond, John C. B. (1977), Egypt, 1798–1952: her advance towards a modern identity, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-0-416-85660-6
Asprey 2000, p. 293. Asprey, Robert B. (2000), The rise of Napoleon Bonaparte, Basic Books, ISBN 978-0-465-04881-6
Flower 1976, p. 27. Flower, Raymond (1976), Napoleon to Nasser: the story of modern Egypt, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-0-905562-00-1
Summerfield, Devine & Levi 1998, p. 11. Summerfield, Carol; Devine, Mary; Levi, Anthony, eds. (1998), International Dictionary of University Histories, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-1-884964-23-7
Petry & Daly 1998, p. 148. Petry, Carl F.; Daly, M. W., eds. (1998), The Cambridge history of Egypt, vol. 1, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-47137-4
Raymond 2000, p. 312. Raymond, André (2000), Cairo, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0-674-00316-3
Shillington 2005, p. 199. Shillington, Kevin, ed. (2005), Encyclopedia of African history, CRC Press, ISBN 978-1-57958-453-5
Rabbat 1996, p. 62. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Summerfield, Devine & Levi 1998, p. 12. Summerfield, Carol; Devine, Mary; Levi, Anthony, eds. (1998), International Dictionary of University Histories, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-1-884964-23-7
Rabbat 1996, p. 63. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Abu Zayd, Amirpur & Setiawan 2006, p. 19. Abu Zayd, Nasr Hamid; Amirpur, Katajun; Setiawan, Mohamad Nur Kholis (2006), Reformation of Islamic thought: a critical historical analysis, Amsterdam University Press, ISBN 978-90-5356-828-6
Rahman 1984, p. 64. Rahman, Fazlur (1984), Islam & modernity: transformation of an intellectual tradition, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-70284-1
Voll 1994, p. 183. Voll, John Obert (1994), Islam, continuity and change in the modern world: Contemporary issues in the Middle East, Syracuse University Press, ISBN 978-0-8156-2639-8
Goldschmidt 2000, p. 123. Goldschmidt, Arthur (2000), Biographical dictionary of modern Egypt, Lynne Rienner Publishers, ISBN 978-1-55587-229-8
Summerfield, Devine & Levi 1998, p. 13. Summerfield, Carol; Devine, Mary; Levi, Anthony, eds. (1998), International Dictionary of University Histories, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-1-884964-23-7
Abdo 2002, pp. 50–51. Abdo, Geneive (2002), No God But God: Egypt and the Triumph of Islam, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-515793-2
Zaman 2002, p. 60. Zaman, Muhammad Qasim (2002), The ulama in contemporary Islam: custodians of change, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-09680-3
Tibi 2006, p. 173. Tibi, Bassam (2006), "Egypt as a Model of Development for the World of Islam", in Harrison, Lawrence E.; Berger, Peter (eds.), Developing cultures: case studies, CRC Press, ISBN 978-0-415-95280-4
Zaman 2002, p. 86. Zaman, Muhammad Qasim (2002), The ulama in contemporary Islam: custodians of change, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-09680-3
Zeghal 2007, p. 110. Zeghal, Malika (2007), "The "Recentering" of Religious Knowledge and Discourse: The Case of al-Azhar in Twentieth-Century Egypt", in Hefner, Robert W.; Zaman, Muhammad Qasim (eds.), Schooling Islam: the culture and politics of modern Muslim education, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-12933-4
Abdo 2002, pp. 49–50. Abdo, Geneive (2002), No God But God: Egypt and the Triumph of Islam, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-515793-2
Lulat 2005, p. 79. Lulat, Y. G-M. (2005), A history of African higher education from antiquity to the present: a critical synthesis, Praeger Publishers, ISBN 978-0-313-32061-3
Binder 1988, p. 340. Binder, Leonard (1988), Islamic liberalism: a critique of development ideologies, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-05147-5
Abdo 2002, p. 51. Abdo, Geneive (2002), No God But God: Egypt and the Triumph of Islam, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-515793-2
Abdo 2002, p. 52. Abdo, Geneive (2002), No God But God: Egypt and the Triumph of Islam, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-515793-2
Aburish 2004, p. 200. Aburish, Said K. (2004), Nasser, the Last Arab, St. Martin's Press, ISBN 978-0-312-28683-5
Shillington 2005, p. 478. Shillington, Kevin, ed. (2005), Encyclopedia of African history, CRC Press, ISBN 978-1-57958-453-5
Aburish 2004, p. 88. Aburish, Said K. (2004), Nasser, the Last Arab, St. Martin's Press, ISBN 978-0-312-28683-5
Abdo 2002, p. 31. Abdo, Geneive (2002), No God But God: Egypt and the Triumph of Islam, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-515793-2
Abdo 2002, p. 54. Abdo, Geneive (2002), No God But God: Egypt and the Triumph of Islam, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-515793-2
Rahman 1984, p. 31. Rahman, Fazlur (1984), Islam & modernity: transformation of an intellectual tradition, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-70284-1
Tibi 2006, p. 165. Tibi, Bassam (2006), "Egypt as a Model of Development for the World of Islam", in Harrison, Lawrence E.; Berger, Peter (eds.), Developing cultures: case studies, CRC Press, ISBN 978-0-415-95280-4
Zeghal 2007, p. 123. Zeghal, Malika (2007), "The "Recentering" of Religious Knowledge and Discourse: The Case of al-Azhar in Twentieth-Century Egypt", in Hefner, Robert W.; Zaman, Muhammad Qasim (eds.), Schooling Islam: the culture and politics of modern Muslim education, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-12933-4
Fouseki, Kalliopi; Cassar, May; Dreyfuss, Guillaume; Eng, Kelvin Ang Kah (2022). Routledge Handbook of Sustainable Heritage. Taylor & Francis. pp. 372–374. ISBN 978-1-000-59485-0.
Rabbat 1996, pp. 47–50. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Holt, Lambton & Lewis 1977, p. 713. Holt, Peter Malcolm; Lambton, Ann; Lewis, Bernard, eds. (1977), The Cambridge History of Islam, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-29138-5
Rabbat 1996, pp. 47–48. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Rivoira & Rushforth 1918, p. 154. Rivoira, Giovanni Teresio; Rushforth, Gordon McNeil (1918), Moslem architecture, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-87817-136-1 {{citation}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
Behrens-Abouseif 1992, p. 59. Behrens-Abouseif, Doris (1992), Islamic Architecture in Cairo (2nd ed.), Brill, ISBN 978-90-04-09626-4
Petersen 2002, p. 45. Petersen, Andrew (2002), Dictionary of Islamic Architecture, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-203-20387-3
Rabbat 1996, p. 64. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Abdo 2002, p. 45. Abdo, Geneive (2002), No God But God: Egypt and the Triumph of Islam, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-515793-2
Rabbat 1996, p. 47. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Shillington 2005, p. 438. Shillington, Kevin, ed. (2005), Encyclopedia of African history, CRC Press, ISBN 978-1-57958-453-5
Petry & Daly 1998, p. 312. Petry, Carl F.; Daly, M. W., eds. (1998), The Cambridge history of Egypt, vol. 1, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-47137-4
Yeomans 2006, p. 56. Yeomans, Richard (2006), The art and architecture of Islamic Cairo, Garnet & Ithaca Press, ISBN 978-1-85964-154-5
Holt, Lambton & Lewis 1977, p. 731. Holt, Peter Malcolm; Lambton, Ann; Lewis, Bernard, eds. (1977), The Cambridge History of Islam, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-29138-5
Rabbat 1996, p. 46. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Rabbat 1996, p. 67. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Yeomans 2006, p. 55. Yeomans, Richard (2006), The art and architecture of Islamic Cairo, Garnet & Ithaca Press, ISBN 978-1-85964-154-5
Petersen 2002, p. 208. Petersen, Andrew (2002), Dictionary of Islamic Architecture, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-203-20387-3
Bloom 1988, p. 21. Bloom, Jonathan (1988), "The Introduction of the Muqarnas into Egypt", in Grabar, Oleg (ed.), Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture, vol. 5, Brill, pp. 21–28, ISBN 978-90-04-08647-0
Rabbat 1996, p. 51. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Rabbat 1996, p. 50. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Yeomans 2006, p. 54. Yeomans, Richard (2006), The art and architecture of Islamic Cairo, Garnet & Ithaca Press, ISBN 978-1-85964-154-5
Rabbat 1996, pp. 60–61, 62, 67. Rabbat, Nasser (1996), "Al-Azhar Mosque: An Architectural Chronicle of Cairo's History", in Necipogulu, Gulru (ed.), Muqarnas- An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, vol. 13, Brill, pp. 45–67, ISBN 978-90-04-10633-8
Gottheil 1907, p. 503. Gottheil, Richard (1907), "Al-Azhar The Brilliant: The Spiritual Home of Islam", The Bookman, Dodd, Mead and Company
Beattie 2005, p. 103. Beattie, Andrew (2005), Cairo: a cultural history, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-517893-7

carnegieendowment.org

Brown 2011, p. 10. Brown, Nathan (September 2011), Post-revolutionary al-Azhar (PDF), The Carnegie Papers, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Brown 2011, p. 11. Brown, Nathan (September 2011), Post-revolutionary al-Azhar (PDF), The Carnegie Papers, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Brown 2011, pp. 11–15. Brown, Nathan (September 2011), Post-revolutionary al-Azhar (PDF), The Carnegie Papers, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

doi.org

Heyworth-Dunne 1938, p. 681. Heyworth-Dunne, James (1938), "Arabic Literature in Egypt in the Eighteenth Century with Some Reference to the Poetry and Poets", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, 9 (3): 675–689, doi:10.1017/s0041977x00078447, JSTOR 608229, S2CID 161601609
Zeghal 1999, p. 372. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066
Zeghal 1999, p. 374. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066
Zeghal 1999, p. 375. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066
Zeghal 1999, p. 376. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066

jstor.org

Heyworth-Dunne 1938, p. 681. Heyworth-Dunne, James (1938), "Arabic Literature in Egypt in the Eighteenth Century with Some Reference to the Poetry and Poets", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, 9 (3): 675–689, doi:10.1017/s0041977x00078447, JSTOR 608229, S2CID 161601609
Zeghal 1999, p. 372. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066
Zeghal 1999, p. 374. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066
Zeghal 1999, p. 375. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066
Zeghal 1999, p. 376. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066
Barraclough 1998, pp. 239–240. Barraclough, Steven (1998), "Al-Azhar: Between the Government and the Islamists", Middle East Journal, 52 (2): 236–249, JSTOR 4329188
Barraclough 1998, pp. 242–243. Barraclough, Steven (1998), "Al-Azhar: Between the Government and the Islamists", Middle East Journal, 52 (2): 236–249, JSTOR 4329188

researchgate.net

Aly, Nevin; Hamed, Ayman (2020). "The impact of salt crystallization on the building stones of Al-Azhar Mosque - Historic Cairo – Egypt". International Journal of Conservation Science. 11 (4).

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Heyworth-Dunne 1938, p. 681. Heyworth-Dunne, James (1938), "Arabic Literature in Egypt in the Eighteenth Century with Some Reference to the Poetry and Poets", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, 9 (3): 675–689, doi:10.1017/s0041977x00078447, JSTOR 608229, S2CID 161601609
Zeghal 1999, p. 372. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066
Zeghal 1999, p. 374. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066
Zeghal 1999, p. 375. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066
Zeghal 1999, p. 376. Zeghal, Malika (1999), "Religion and Politics in Egypt; The Ulema of al-Azhar, Radical Islam, and the State (1952-94)", International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31 (3): 371–399, doi:10.1017/s0020743800055483, JSTOR 176217, S2CID 33718066

worldpoliticsreview.com

El Habachi 2020. El Habachi, May (17 December 2020), "Egypt's #MeToo Activists See Progress, but 'the Road Ahead Is Long'", World Politics Review, retrieved 15 January 2022