Alexander Fleming (English Wikipedia)

Lowe, Gordon (13 May 1999). "Obituary: Sir Edward Abraham". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013.
"Norman Heatley". The Independent. London. 23 January 2004. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 7 June 2020.

jhu.edu (Global: 560^th place; English: 313^th place)

muse.jhu.edu

Wainwright, Milton (2002). "Fleming's unfinished". Perspectives in Biology and Medicine. 45 (4): 529–538. doi:10.1353/pbm.2002.0065. PMID 12388885. S2CID 32684352.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Colebrook, L. (1956). "Alexander Fleming 1881–1955". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 2: 117–126. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1956.0008. JSTOR 769479. S2CID 71887808.

linz.govt.nz (Global: 5,992^nd place; English: 3,948^th place)

gazetteer.linz.govt.nz

"Place name detail: Mount Fleming". New Zealand Gazetteer. Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 21 August 2022.

nature.com (Global: 207^th place; English: 347^th place)

Hibbett, David S.; Taylor, John W. (2013). "Fungal systematics: is a new age of enlightenment at hand?". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 11 (2): 129–133. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2963. PMID 23288349. S2CID 17070407.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bennett, Joan W.; Chung, King-Thom (2001). "Alexander Fleming and the discovery of penicillin". Advances in Applied Microbiology. 49. Elsevier: 163–184. doi:10.1016/s0065-2164(01)49013-7. ISBN 978-0-12-002649-4. PMID 11757350. Retrieved 17 October 2020.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: periodical has ISBN (link)
Ligon, B. Lee (2004). "Sir Alexander Fleming: Scottish researcher who discovered penicillin". Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 15 (1): 58–64. doi:10.1053/j.spid.2004.02.002. PMID 15175996.
Hugh, T. B. (2002). "Howard Florey, Alexander Fleming and the fairy tale of penicillin". The Medical Journal of Australia. 177 (1): 52–53. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2002.tb04643.x. PMID 12436980. S2CID 222048204.
Cruickshank, Robert (1955). "Sir Alexander Fleming, F.R.S." Nature. 175 (4459): 355–356. Bibcode:1955Natur.175..663C. doi:10.1038/175663a0. PMC 1023893. PMID 13271592.
McIntyre, N. (2007). "Sir Alexander Fleming". Journal of Medical Biography. 15 (4): 234. doi:10.1258/j.jmb.2007.05-72. PMID 18615899. S2CID 77187550.
Mazumdar, P. M. (1984). "Fleming as Bacteriologist: Alexander Fleming". Science. 225 (4667): 1140–1141. Bibcode:1984Sci...225.1140C. doi:10.1126/science.225.4667.1140. PMID 17782415.
Tan, S. Y.; Tatsumura, Y. (July 2015). "Alexander Fleming (1881–1955): Discoverer of penicillin". Singapore Medical Journal. 56 (7): 366–367. doi:10.11622/smedj.2015105. PMC 4520913. PMID 26243971.
Allison, V. D. (1974). "Personal recollections of Sir Almroth Wright and Sir Alexander Fleming". The Ulster Medical Journal. 43 (2): 89–98. PMC 2385475. PMID 4612919.
Salton, M. R. J. (1957). "The properties of lysozyme and its action on micororganisms". Bacteriological Reviews. 21 (2): 82–100. doi:10.1128/MMBR.21.2.82-100.1957. PMC 180888. PMID 13436356.
Young, Michael; Artsatbanov, Vladislav; Beller, Harry R.; Chandra, Govind; Chater, Keith F.; Dover, Lynn G.; Goh, Ee-Been; Kahan, Tamar; Kaprelyants, Arseny S.; Kyrpides, Nikos; Lapidus, Alla (2010). "Genome Sequence of the Fleming Strain of Micrococcus luteus, a Simple Free-Living Actinobacterium". Journal of Bacteriology. 192 (3): 841–860. Bibcode:2010JBact.192..841Y. doi:10.1128/JB.01254-09. PMC 2812450. PMID 19948807.
Fleming, Alexander (1932). "Lysozyme". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 26 (2): 71–84. doi:10.1177/003591573202600201. PMC 2204285. PMID 19989057. S2CID 209362460.
Gallo, Richard L. (2013). "The birth of innate immunity". Experimental Dermatology. 22 (8): 517. doi:10.1111/exd.12197. PMID 23879811. S2CID 23482849.
Ragland, Stephanie A.; Criss, Alison K. (2017). "From bacterial killing to immune modulation: Recent insights into the functions of lysozyme". PLOS Pathogens. 13 (9) e1006512. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006512. PMC 5608400. PMID 28934357.
Houbraken, Jos; Frisvad, Jens C.; Samson, Robert A. (2011). "Fleming's penicillin producing strain is not Penicillium chrysogenum but P. rubens". IMA Fungus. 2 (1): 87–95. doi:10.5598/imafungus.2011.02.01.12. PMC 3317369. PMID 22679592.
Hibbett, David S.; Taylor, John W. (2013). "Fungal systematics: is a new age of enlightenment at hand?". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 11 (2): 129–133. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2963. PMID 23288349. S2CID 17070407.
Hare, R. (1982). "New light on the history of penicillin". Medical History. 26 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1017/s0025727300040758. PMC 1139110. PMID 7047933.
Diggins, F. W. (1999). "The true history of the discovery of penicillin, with refutation of the misinformation in the literature". British Journal of Biomedical Science. 56 (2): 83–93. PMID 10695047.
Fleming, Alexander (1929). "On the antibacterial action of cultures of a Penicillium, with special reference to their use in the isolation of B. influenzae". British Journal of Experimental Pathology. 10 (3): 226–236. PMC 2041430. PMID 2048009.; Reprinted as Fleming, A. (1979). "On the antibacterial action of cultures of a Penicillium, with special reference to their use in the isolation of B. influenzae". British Journal of Experimental Pathology. 60 (1): 3–13. PMC 2041430.
Wainwright, Milton (1993). "The Mystery of the Plate: Fleming's Discovery and Contribution to the Early Development of Penicillin". Journal of Medical Biography. 1 (1): 59–65. doi:10.1177/096777209300100113. PMID 11639213. S2CID 7578843.
"Annotations". British Medical Journal. 2 (4208): 310–312. August 1941. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4208.310. PMC 2162429. PMID 20783842.
Moberg, C. (1991). "Penicillin's forgotten man: Norman Heatley". Science. 253 (5021): 734–735. Bibcode:1991Sci...253..734M. doi:10.1126/science.1876832. PMID 1876832.
Conly, J. M.; Johnston, B. L. (2005). "Where are all the new antibiotics? The new antibiotic paradox". Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology. 16 (3): 159–160. doi:10.1155/2005/892058. PMC 2095020. PMID 18159536.
Wainwright, Milton (1990). "Besredka's "antivirus" in relation to Fleming's initial views on the nature of penicillin". Medical History. 34 (1): 79–85. doi:10.1017/S0025727300050286. PMC 1036002. PMID 2405221.
Wainwright, M. (1987). "The history of the therapeutic use of crude penicillin". Medical History. 31 (1): 41–50. doi:10.1017/s0025727300046305. PMC 1139683. PMID 3543562.
Wainwright, M.; Swan, H. T. (January 1986). "C.G. Paine and the earliest surviving clinical records of penicillin therapy". Medical History. 30 (1): 42–56. doi:10.1017/S0025727300045026. PMC 1139580. PMID 3511336.
Howie, J. (1986). "Penicillin: 1929–40". British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.). 293 (6540): 158–159. doi:10.1136/bmj.293.6540.158. PMC 1340901. PMID 3089435.
Glover, J. (1986). "The MRC and informed consent". British Medical Journal. 293 (6540): 157–158. doi:10.1136/bmj.293.6540.157. PMC 1340900. PMID 3089434.
Aronson, J. K. (1992). "Penicillin". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 42 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1007/BF00314911. PMID 1541305. S2CID 62877498.
Kyle, Robert A.; Steensma, David P.; Shampo, Marc A. (2015). "Howard Walter Florey – Production of Penicillin". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 90 (6): e63–64. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.12.028. PMID 26046419.
Shama, Gilbert (2017). "Miracle near 34th street: Wartime Penicillin Research at St John's University, NY". Endeavour. 41 (4): 217–220. doi:10.1016/j.endeavour.2017.09.003. PMID 29055651.
Wainwright, Milton (2002). "Fleming's unfinished". Perspectives in Biology and Medicine. 45 (4): 529–538. doi:10.1353/pbm.2002.0065. PMID 12388885. S2CID 32684352.
Richards, A. N. (1964). "Production of penicillin in the United States (1941–1946)". Nature. 201 (4918): 441–445. Bibcode:1964Natur.201..441R. doi:10.1038/201441a0. PMID 14164615. S2CID 4296757.
Fishman, Neil; Infectious Diseases Society of America; Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (April 2012). "Policy statement on antimicrobial stewardship by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), & the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS)" (PDF). Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 33 (4): 322–327. doi:10.1086/665010. PMID 22418625. S2CID 24828623. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Fishman, Neil; Infectious Diseases Society of America; Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (April 2012). "Policy statement on antimicrobial stewardship by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), & the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS)" (PDF). Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 33 (4): 322–327. doi:10.1086/665010. PMID 22418625. S2CID 24828623. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Rosenblatt-Farrell, Noah (2009). "The Landscape of Antibiotic Resistance". Environmental Health Perspectives. 117 (6): 244–150. Bibcode:2009EnvHP.117.a244R. doi:10.1289/ehp.117-a244. PMC 2702430. PMID 19590668.
Plough, Harold H. (1945). "Penicillin Resistance of Staphylococcus Aureus and its Clinical Implications". American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 15 (10): 446–451. doi:10.1093/ajcp/15.10.446. PMID 21005048.
Dufour, Héloïse D.; Carroll, Sean B. (2013). "History: Great myths die hard". Nature. 502 (7469): 32–33. doi:10.1038/502032a. PMID 24137644.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Cruickshank, Robert (1955). "Sir Alexander Fleming, F.R.S." Nature. 175 (4459): 355–356. Bibcode:1955Natur.175..663C. doi:10.1038/175663a0. PMC 1023893. PMID 13271592.
Tan, S. Y.; Tatsumura, Y. (July 2015). "Alexander Fleming (1881–1955): Discoverer of penicillin". Singapore Medical Journal. 56 (7): 366–367. doi:10.11622/smedj.2015105. PMC 4520913. PMID 26243971.
Allison, V. D. (1974). "Personal recollections of Sir Almroth Wright and Sir Alexander Fleming". The Ulster Medical Journal. 43 (2): 89–98. PMC 2385475. PMID 4612919.
Fleming, Alexander; Allison, V. D. (1922). "Observations on a Bacteriolytic Substance ("Lysozyme") Found in Secretions and Tissues". British Journal of Experimental Pathology. 3 (5): 252–260. PMC 2047739.
Salton, M. R. J. (1957). "The properties of lysozyme and its action on micororganisms". Bacteriological Reviews. 21 (2): 82–100. doi:10.1128/MMBR.21.2.82-100.1957. PMC 180888. PMID 13436356.
Young, Michael; Artsatbanov, Vladislav; Beller, Harry R.; Chandra, Govind; Chater, Keith F.; Dover, Lynn G.; Goh, Ee-Been; Kahan, Tamar; Kaprelyants, Arseny S.; Kyrpides, Nikos; Lapidus, Alla (2010). "Genome Sequence of the Fleming Strain of Micrococcus luteus, a Simple Free-Living Actinobacterium". Journal of Bacteriology. 192 (3): 841–860. Bibcode:2010JBact.192..841Y. doi:10.1128/JB.01254-09. PMC 2812450. PMID 19948807.
Fleming, Alexander (1932). "Lysozyme". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 26 (2): 71–84. doi:10.1177/003591573202600201. PMC 2204285. PMID 19989057. S2CID 209362460.
Ragland, Stephanie A.; Criss, Alison K. (2017). "From bacterial killing to immune modulation: Recent insights into the functions of lysozyme". PLOS Pathogens. 13 (9) e1006512. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006512. PMC 5608400. PMID 28934357.
Houbraken, Jos; Frisvad, Jens C.; Samson, Robert A. (2011). "Fleming's penicillin producing strain is not Penicillium chrysogenum but P. rubens". IMA Fungus. 2 (1): 87–95. doi:10.5598/imafungus.2011.02.01.12. PMC 3317369. PMID 22679592.
Hare, R. (1982). "New light on the history of penicillin". Medical History. 26 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1017/s0025727300040758. PMC 1139110. PMID 7047933.
Fleming, Alexander (1929). "On the antibacterial action of cultures of a Penicillium, with special reference to their use in the isolation of B. influenzae". British Journal of Experimental Pathology. 10 (3): 226–236. PMC 2041430. PMID 2048009.; Reprinted as Fleming, A. (1979). "On the antibacterial action of cultures of a Penicillium, with special reference to their use in the isolation of B. influenzae". British Journal of Experimental Pathology. 60 (1): 3–13. PMC 2041430.
"International Congress of Microbiology". British Medical Journal. 2 (3944): 307–310. 1936. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.3943.253. PMC 2457049.
"Annotations". British Medical Journal. 2 (4208): 310–312. August 1941. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4208.310. PMC 2162429. PMID 20783842.
Fleming, A. (September 1941). "Penicillin". British Medical Journal. 2 (4210): 386. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4210.386. PMC 2162878.
Conly, J. M.; Johnston, B. L. (2005). "Where are all the new antibiotics? The new antibiotic paradox". Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology. 16 (3): 159–160. doi:10.1155/2005/892058. PMC 2095020. PMID 18159536.
Wainwright, Milton (1990). "Besredka's "antivirus" in relation to Fleming's initial views on the nature of penicillin". Medical History. 34 (1): 79–85. doi:10.1017/S0025727300050286. PMC 1036002. PMID 2405221.
Wainwright, M. (1987). "The history of the therapeutic use of crude penicillin". Medical History. 31 (1): 41–50. doi:10.1017/s0025727300046305. PMC 1139683. PMID 3543562.
Wainwright, M.; Swan, H. T. (January 1986). "C.G. Paine and the earliest surviving clinical records of penicillin therapy". Medical History. 30 (1): 42–56. doi:10.1017/S0025727300045026. PMC 1139580. PMID 3511336.
Howie, J. (1986). "Penicillin: 1929–40". British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.). 293 (6540): 158–159. doi:10.1136/bmj.293.6540.158. PMC 1340901. PMID 3089435.
Glover, J. (1986). "The MRC and informed consent". British Medical Journal. 293 (6540): 157–158. doi:10.1136/bmj.293.6540.157. PMC 1340900. PMID 3089434.
Rossiter, Peter (2005). "Keith Bernard Rogers". The BMJ. 331 (7516): 579. doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7516.579-c. PMC 1200632.
Kissick, William L. (1959). "The Life of Sir Alexander Fleming, Discoverer of Penicillin". The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine. 32 (2): 140. PMC 2604061.
Abraham, E. P.; Chain, E.; Holiday, E. R. (1942). "Purification and Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Penicillin". British Journal of Experimental Pathology. 23 (3): 103–119. PMC 2065494.
Rosenblatt-Farrell, Noah (2009). "The Landscape of Antibiotic Resistance". Environmental Health Perspectives. 117 (6): 244–150. Bibcode:2009EnvHP.117.a244R. doi:10.1289/ehp.117-a244. PMC 2702430. PMID 19590668.
Gaynes, Robert (2017). "The Discovery of Penicillin – New Insights After More Than 75 Years of Clinical Use". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 23 (5): 849–853. Bibcode:2017EIDis..23..849G. doi:10.3201/eid2305.161556. PMC 5403050.

nla.gov.au (Global: 112^th place; English: 56^th place)

catalogue.nla.gov.au

Henry Harris, Howard Florey and the development of penicillin, a lecture given on 29 September 1998, at the Florey Centenary, 1898–1998, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford University (sound recording)

trove.nla.gov.au

Bickel, L. Florey: The Man Who Made Penicillin, Sun Books, Melbourne, 1972. https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/21266280

nms.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"100,000 visitors in 6 days". National Museums Scotland. 3 August 2011. Archived from the original on 23 February 2012. Retrieved 4 March 2012.

nobelprize.org (Global: 265^th place; English: 450^th place)

"Sir Alexander Fleming – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 25 October 2011.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 21 August 2007. Retrieved 28 July 2007.
"Alexander Fleming Biography". Les Prix Nobel. The Nobel Foundation. 1945. Archived from the original on 30 January 2011. Retrieved 27 March 2011.
Fleming, A. (1945). "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 – Penicillin: Nobel Lecture". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 17 October 2020.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

"SIR ALEXANDER FLEMING". The New York Times. 12 March 1955.

oup.com (Global: 292^nd place; English: 233^rd place)

academic.oup.com

Plough, Harold H. (1945). "Penicillin Resistance of Staphylococcus Aureus and its Clinical Implications". American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 15 (10): 446–451. doi:10.1093/ajcp/15.10.446. PMID 21005048.

royalsoced.org.uk (Global: 7,136^th place; English: 3,733^rd place)

Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002 (PDF). The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. ISBN 0-902198-84-X. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2016.

sagepub.com (Global: 609^th place; English: 451^st place)

journals.sagepub.com

Wainwright, Milton (1993). "The Mystery of the Plate: Fleming's Discovery and Contribution to the Early Development of Penicillin". Journal of Medical Biography. 1 (1): 59–65. doi:10.1177/096777209300100113. PMID 11639213. S2CID 7578843.
Rammelkamp, Charles H.; Maxon, Thelma (1942). "Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to the Action of Penicillin". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 51 (3): 386–389. doi:10.3181/00379727-51-13986. S2CID 87530495.

sciencedirect.com (Global: 137^th place; English: 146^th place)

Cairns, H.; Lewin, W. S.; Duthie, E. S.; Smith, Honor V. (1944). "Pneumococcal Meningitis Treated with Penicillin". The Lancet. 243 (6299): 655–659. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)77085-1.

sciencevision.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Lalchhandama, Kholhring (2020). "Reappraising Fleming's snot and mould". Science Vision. 20 (1): 29–42. doi:10.33493/scivis.20.01.03.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Hugh, T. B. (2002). "Howard Florey, Alexander Fleming and the fairy tale of penicillin". The Medical Journal of Australia. 177 (1): 52–53. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2002.tb04643.x. PMID 12436980. S2CID 222048204.
McIntyre, N. (2007). "Sir Alexander Fleming". Journal of Medical Biography. 15 (4): 234. doi:10.1258/j.jmb.2007.05-72. PMID 18615899. S2CID 77187550.
Fleming, Alexander (1932). "Lysozyme". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 26 (2): 71–84. doi:10.1177/003591573202600201. PMC 2204285. PMID 19989057. S2CID 209362460.
Gallo, Richard L. (2013). "The birth of innate immunity". Experimental Dermatology. 22 (8): 517. doi:10.1111/exd.12197. PMID 23879811. S2CID 23482849.
Hibbett, David S.; Taylor, John W. (2013). "Fungal systematics: is a new age of enlightenment at hand?". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 11 (2): 129–133. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2963. PMID 23288349. S2CID 17070407.
Wainwright, Milton (1993). "The Mystery of the Plate: Fleming's Discovery and Contribution to the Early Development of Penicillin". Journal of Medical Biography. 1 (1): 59–65. doi:10.1177/096777209300100113. PMID 11639213. S2CID 7578843.
Dixon, Bernard (1986). "A Salute to the Pioneers of Microbiology". Nature Biotechnology. 4 (8): 681. doi:10.1038/nbt0886-681. S2CID 37941905.
Marko, Vladimir (2020). "Penicillin". From Aspirin to Viagra: Stories of the Drugs that Changed the World. Springer. pp. 105–106. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-44286-6_5. ISBN 978-3-030-44286-6. OCLC 1164582807. S2CID 241636139.
Aronson, J. K. (1992). "Penicillin". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 42 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1007/BF00314911. PMID 1541305. S2CID 62877498.
Wainwright, Milton (2002). "Fleming's unfinished". Perspectives in Biology and Medicine. 45 (4): 529–538. doi:10.1353/pbm.2002.0065. PMID 12388885. S2CID 32684352.
Mathews, John A. (2008). "The Birth of the Biotechnology Era: Penicillin in Australia, 1943–80". Prometheus. 26 (4): 317–333. doi:10.1080/08109020802459306. S2CID 143123783.
Richards, A. N. (1964). "Production of penicillin in the United States (1941–1946)". Nature. 201 (4918): 441–445. Bibcode:1964Natur.201..441R. doi:10.1038/201441a0. PMID 14164615. S2CID 4296757.
Fishman, Neil; Infectious Diseases Society of America; Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (April 2012). "Policy statement on antimicrobial stewardship by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), & the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS)" (PDF). Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 33 (4): 322–327. doi:10.1086/665010. PMID 22418625. S2CID 24828623. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Fishman, Neil; Infectious Diseases Society of America; Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (April 2012). "Policy statement on antimicrobial stewardship by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), & the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS)" (PDF). Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 33 (4): 322–327. doi:10.1086/665010. PMID 22418625. S2CID 24828623. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Rammelkamp, Charles H.; Maxon, Thelma (1942). "Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to the Action of Penicillin". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 51 (3): 386–389. doi:10.3181/00379727-51-13986. S2CID 87530495.
Colebrook, L. (1956). "Alexander Fleming 1881–1955". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 2: 117–126. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1956.0008. JSTOR 769479. S2CID 71887808.

springer.com (Global: 182^nd place; English: 172^nd place)

link.springer.com

Aronson, J. K. (1992). "Penicillin". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 42 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1007/BF00314911. PMID 1541305. S2CID 62877498.

stv.tv (Global: 3,539^th place; English: 1,853^rd place)

"Robert Burns voted Greatest Scot". STV Group. 30 November 2009. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2016.

thegazette.co.uk (Global: 151^st place; English: 84^th place)

"No. 36544". The London Gazette (Supplement). 2 June 1944. p. 2566.

thevespiary.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Lesch JE (2007). "Chapter 7: M&B 693". The first miracle drugs: how the sulfa drugs transformed medicine (PDF). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 158–159. ISBN 978-0-19-518775-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2019.

time.com (Global: 84^th place; English: 63^rd place)

time.com

"Alexander Fleming – Time 100 People of the Century". Time. 29 March 1999. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007.

content.time.com

Ho, David (29 March 1999). "Bacteriologist Alexander Fleming". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 21 August 2007. Retrieved 28 July 2007.
"Alexander Fleming Biography". Les Prix Nobel. The Nobel Foundation. 1945. Archived from the original on 30 January 2011. Retrieved 27 March 2011.
Lowe, Gordon (13 May 1999). "Obituary: Sir Edward Abraham". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013.
"Norman Heatley". The Independent. London. 23 January 2004. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002 (PDF). The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. ISBN 0-902198-84-X. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
BartonMills.net local history Archived 28 September 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
"100,000 visitors in 6 days". National Museums Scotland. 3 August 2011. Archived from the original on 23 February 2012. Retrieved 4 March 2012.
"Alexander Fleming – Time 100 People of the Century". Time. 29 March 1999. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007.
"Great Britons – Top 100". BBC. Archived from the original on 4 December 2002. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
"Banknote designs mark Homecoming". BBC News. 14 January 2008. Archived from the original on 25 January 2009. Retrieved 20 January 2009.
"Robert Burns voted Greatest Scot". STV Group. 30 November 2009. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
Ho, David (29 March 1999). "Bacteriologist Alexander Fleming". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
Lesch JE (2007). "Chapter 7: M&B 693". The first miracle drugs: how the sulfa drugs transformed medicine (PDF). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 158–159. ISBN 978-0-19-518775-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2019.

wiley.com (Global: 150^th place; English: 174^th place)

doi.wiley.com

Gallo, Richard L. (2013). "The birth of innate immunity". Experimental Dermatology. 22 (8): 517. doi:10.1111/exd.12197. PMID 23879811. S2CID 23482849.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Heaman, Elsbeth A. (2003). St Mary's: The History of a London Teaching Hospital. Montreal, Que.: McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 212. ISBN 978-0-7735-7086-3. OCLC 144085272.
Marko, Vladimir (2020). "Penicillin". From Aspirin to Viagra: Stories of the Drugs that Changed the World. Springer. pp. 105–106. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-44286-6_5. ISBN 978-3-030-44286-6. OCLC 1164582807. S2CID 241636139.
Ho, David (29 March 1999). "Bacteriologist Alexander Fleming". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.

zenodo.org (Global: 737^th place; English: 426^th place)

Fleming, Alexander (September 1917). "The Physiological and Antiseptic Action of Flavine (With Some Observations on the Testing of Antiseptics)". The Lancet. 190 (4905): 341–345. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)52126-1.

Alexander Fleming (English Wikipedia)

acs.org (Global: 865th place; English: 887th place)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14th place; English: 9th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

bartonmills.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11th place; English: 10th place)

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

bbvaopenmind.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

cambridge.org (Global: 209th place; English: 151st place)

canada.ca (Global: 1,114th place; English: 605th place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

elsevier.com (Global: 365th place; English: 372nd place)

linkinghub.elsevier.com

espacenet.com (Global: 950th place; English: 813th place)

worldwide.espacenet.com

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64th place; English: 28th place)

hamhigh.co.uk (Global: low place; English: 6,080th place)

independent.co.uk (Global: 46th place; English: 29th place)

jhu.edu (Global: 560th place; English: 313th place)

muse.jhu.edu

jstor.org (Global: 23rd place; English: 15th place)

linz.govt.nz (Global: 5,992nd place; English: 3,948th place)

gazetteer.linz.govt.nz

nature.com (Global: 207th place; English: 347th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

nla.gov.au (Global: 112th place; English: 56th place)

catalogue.nla.gov.au

trove.nla.gov.au

nms.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

nobelprize.org (Global: 265th place; English: 450th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7th place; English: 7th place)

oup.com (Global: 292nd place; English: 233rd place)

academic.oup.com

royalsoced.org.uk (Global: 7,136th place; English: 3,733rd place)

sagepub.com (Global: 609th place; English: 451st place)

journals.sagepub.com

sciencedirect.com (Global: 137th place; English: 146th place)

sciencevision.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

springer.com (Global: 182nd place; English: 172nd place)

link.springer.com

stv.tv (Global: 3,539th place; English: 1,853rd place)

thegazette.co.uk (Global: 151st place; English: 84th place)

thevespiary.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

time.com (Global: 84th place; English: 63rd place)

time.com

content.time.com

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

wiley.com (Global: 150th place; English: 174th place)

doi.wiley.com

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

zenodo.org (Global: 737th place; English: 426th place)

acs.org (Global: 865^th place; English: 887^th place)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

cambridge.org (Global: 209^th place; English: 151^st place)

canada.ca (Global: 1,114^th place; English: 605^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

elsevier.com (Global: 365^th place; English: 372^nd place)

espacenet.com (Global: 950^th place; English: 813^th place)

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

hamhigh.co.uk (Global: low place; English: 6,080^th place)

independent.co.uk (Global: 46^th place; English: 29^th place)

jhu.edu (Global: 560^th place; English: 313^th place)

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

linz.govt.nz (Global: 5,992^nd place; English: 3,948^th place)

nature.com (Global: 207^th place; English: 347^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

nla.gov.au (Global: 112^th place; English: 56^th place)

nobelprize.org (Global: 265^th place; English: 450^th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

oup.com (Global: 292^nd place; English: 233^rd place)

royalsoced.org.uk (Global: 7,136^th place; English: 3,733^rd place)

sagepub.com (Global: 609^th place; English: 451^st place)

sciencedirect.com (Global: 137^th place; English: 146^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

springer.com (Global: 182^nd place; English: 172^nd place)

stv.tv (Global: 3,539^th place; English: 1,853^rd place)

thegazette.co.uk (Global: 151^st place; English: 84^th place)

time.com (Global: 84^th place; English: 63^rd place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

wiley.com (Global: 150^th place; English: 174^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

zenodo.org (Global: 737^th place; English: 426^th place)