Ghachem 2011, p. 1002. Ghachem, Malick W. (November 2011), "Prosecuting Torture: The Strategic Ethics of Slavery in Pre-Revolutionary Saint-Domingue (Haiti)", Law and History Review, 29 (4, Law, Slavery, and Justice: A Special Issue), American Society for Legal History: 985–1029, doi:10.1017/S0738248011000514, JSTOR23064120, S2CID145806113
Ghachem 2011, p. 1002. Ghachem, Malick W. (November 2011), "Prosecuting Torture: The Strategic Ethics of Slavery in Pre-Revolutionary Saint-Domingue (Haiti)", Law and History Review, 29 (4, Law, Slavery, and Justice: A Special Issue), American Society for Legal History: 985–1029, doi:10.1017/S0738248011000514, JSTOR23064120, S2CID145806113
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Ghachem 2011, p. 1002. Ghachem, Malick W. (November 2011), "Prosecuting Torture: The Strategic Ethics of Slavery in Pre-Revolutionary Saint-Domingue (Haiti)", Law and History Review, 29 (4, Law, Slavery, and Justice: A Special Issue), American Society for Legal History: 985–1029, doi:10.1017/S0738248011000514, JSTOR23064120, S2CID145806113