Allotropy (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Allotropy" in English language version.

Last modified: 21:51:11, 2 July 2026 (UTC)

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3614doi.org

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3011adsabs.harvard.edu

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202arxiv.org

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97worldcat.org

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97nih.gov

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43semanticscholar.org

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31web.archive.org

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31israelbds.org

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22books.google.com

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21hdl.handle.net

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11iupac.org

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11youtube.com

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11ghostarchive.org

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11hathitrust.org

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11nobelprize.org

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11newatlas.com

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adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Jensen, W. B. (2006), "The Origin of the Term Allotrope", J. Chem. Educ., 83 (6): 838–39, Bibcode:2006JChEd..83..838J, doi:10.1021/ed083p838.
Overhauser, A. W. (1984-07-02). "Crystal Structure of Lithium at 4.2 K". Physical Review Letters. 53 (1). American Physical Society (APS): 64–65. Bibcode:1984PhRvL..53...64O. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.53.64. ISSN 0031-9007.
Hanfland, M.; Syassen, K.; Christensen, N. E.; Novikov, D. L. (2000). "New high-pressure phases of lithium". Nature. 408 (6809). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 174–178. Bibcode:2000Natur.408..174H. doi:10.1038/35041515. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 11089965. S2CID 4303422.
Degtyareva, V.F. (2014). "Potassium under pressure: Electronic origin of complex structures". Solid State Sciences. 36: 62–72. arXiv:1310.4718. Bibcode:2014SSSci..36...62D. doi:10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2014.07.008.
Hanfland, M.; Loa, I.; Syassen, K. (2002-05-13). "Sodium under pressure: bcc to fcc structural transition and pressure-volume relation to 100 GPa". Physical Review B. 65 (18) 184109. American Physical Society (APS). Bibcode:2002PhRvB..65r4109H. doi:10.1103/physrevb.65.184109. ISSN 0163-1829.
McMahon, M. I.; Gregoryanz, E.; Lundegaard, L. F.; Loa, I.; Guillaume, C.; Nelmes, R. J.; Kleppe, A. K.; Amboage, M.; Wilhelm, H.; Jephcoat, A. P. (2007-10-18). "Structure of sodium above 100 GPa by single-crystal x-ray diffraction". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (44): 17297–17299. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10417297M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0709309104. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2077250. PMID 17947379.
Gregoryanz, E.; Lundegaard, L. F.; McMahon, M. I.; Guillaume, C.; Nelmes, R. J.; Mezouar, M. (2008-05-23). "Structural Diversity of Sodium". Science. 320 (5879). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 1054–1057. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1054G. doi:10.1126/science.1155715. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 18497293. S2CID 29596632.
Olijnyk, H.; Holzapfel, W. B. (1985-04-01). "High-pressure structural phase transition in Mg". Physical Review B. 31 (7). American Physical Society (APS): 4682–4683. Bibcode:1985PhRvB..31.4682O. doi:10.1103/physrevb.31.4682. ISSN 0163-1829. PMID 9936412.
Molodets, A. M.; Nabatov, S. S. (2000). "Thermodynamic Potentials, Diagram of State, and Phase Transitions of Tin on Shock Compression". High Temperature. 38 (5): 715–721. Bibcode:2000HTemp..38..715M. doi:10.1007/BF02755923. S2CID 120417927.
Benedict, U.; Haire, R. G.; Peterson, J. R.; Itie, J. P. (1985). "Delocalisation of 5f electrons in curium metal under high pressure". Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics. 15 (2): L29–L35. Bibcode:1985JPhF...15L..29B. doi:10.1088/0305-4608/15/2/002.
Udayabhaskararao, Thumu; Altantzis, Thomas; Houben, Lothar; Coronado-Puchau, Marc; Langer, Judith; Popovitz-Biro, Ronit; Liz-Marzán, Luis M.; Vuković, Lela; Král, Petr (2017-10-27). "Tunable porous nanoallotropes prepared by post-assembly etching of binary nanoparticle superlattices". Science. 358 (6362): 514–518. Bibcode:2017Sci...358..514U. doi:10.1126/science.aan6046. hdl:10067/1472420151162165141. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 29074773.

arxiv.org (Global: 49^th place; English: 31^st place)

Degtyareva, V.F. (2014). "Potassium under pressure: Electronic origin of complex structures". Solid State Sciences. 36: 62–72. arXiv:1310.4718. Bibcode:2014SSSci..36...62D. doi:10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2014.07.008.
Deffrennes, Guillaume; Faure, Philippe; Bottin, François; Joubert, Jean-Marc; Oudot, Benoit (2022). "Tin (Sn) at high pressure: Review, X-ray diffraction, DFT calculations, and Gibbs energy modeling". Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 919 165675. arXiv:2203.16240. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.165675.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Ostwald, Wilhelm; Taylor, W.W. (1912). Outlines of General Chemistry (3rd ed.). London, England: Macmillan and Co., Ltd. p. 104. From p. 104: "Substances are known which exist not only in two, but even in three, four or five different solid forms; no limitation to the number is known to exist. Such substances are called polymorphous. The name allotropy is commonly employed in the same connexion, especially when the substance is an element. There is no real reason for making this distinction, and it is preferable to allow the second less common name to die out."
Raj, G. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Vol-1. Krishna Prakashan. p. 1327. ISBN 978-81-87224-03-7. Retrieved January 6, 2017.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. (the "Gold Book") (2025). Online version: (2006–) "Allotrope". doi:10.1351/goldbook.A00243
Jensen, W. B. (2006), "The Origin of the Term Allotrope", J. Chem. Educ., 83 (6): 838–39, Bibcode:2006JChEd..83..838J, doi:10.1021/ed083p838.
Overhauser, A. W. (1984-07-02). "Crystal Structure of Lithium at 4.2 K". Physical Review Letters. 53 (1). American Physical Society (APS): 64–65. Bibcode:1984PhRvL..53...64O. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.53.64. ISSN 0031-9007.
Hanfland, M.; Syassen, K.; Christensen, N. E.; Novikov, D. L. (2000). "New high-pressure phases of lithium". Nature. 408 (6809). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 174–178. Bibcode:2000Natur.408..174H. doi:10.1038/35041515. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 11089965. S2CID 4303422.
Degtyareva, V.F. (2014). "Potassium under pressure: Electronic origin of complex structures". Solid State Sciences. 36: 62–72. arXiv:1310.4718. Bibcode:2014SSSci..36...62D. doi:10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2014.07.008.
Hanfland, M.; Loa, I.; Syassen, K. (2002-05-13). "Sodium under pressure: bcc to fcc structural transition and pressure-volume relation to 100 GPa". Physical Review B. 65 (18) 184109. American Physical Society (APS). Bibcode:2002PhRvB..65r4109H. doi:10.1103/physrevb.65.184109. ISSN 0163-1829.
McMahon, M. I.; Gregoryanz, E.; Lundegaard, L. F.; Loa, I.; Guillaume, C.; Nelmes, R. J.; Kleppe, A. K.; Amboage, M.; Wilhelm, H.; Jephcoat, A. P. (2007-10-18). "Structure of sodium above 100 GPa by single-crystal x-ray diffraction". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (44): 17297–17299. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10417297M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0709309104. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2077250. PMID 17947379.
Gregoryanz, E.; Lundegaard, L. F.; McMahon, M. I.; Guillaume, C.; Nelmes, R. J.; Mezouar, M. (2008-05-23). "Structural Diversity of Sodium". Science. 320 (5879). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 1054–1057. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1054G. doi:10.1126/science.1155715. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 18497293. S2CID 29596632.
Olijnyk, H.; Holzapfel, W. B. (1985-04-01). "High-pressure structural phase transition in Mg". Physical Review B. 31 (7). American Physical Society (APS): 4682–4683. Bibcode:1985PhRvB..31.4682O. doi:10.1103/physrevb.31.4682. ISSN 0163-1829. PMID 9936412.
de la Peña O'Shea, Víctor Antonio; Moreira, Iberio de P. R.; Roldán, Alberto; Illas, Francesc (8 July 2010). "Electronic and magnetic structure of bulk cobalt: The α, β, and ε-phases from density functional theory calculations". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 133 (2): 024701. doi:10.1063/1.3458691. PMID 20632764.
Deffrennes, Guillaume; Faure, Philippe; Bottin, François; Joubert, Jean-Marc; Oudot, Benoit (2022). "Tin (Sn) at high pressure: Review, X-ray diffraction, DFT calculations, and Gibbs energy modeling". Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 919 165675. arXiv:2203.16240. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.165675.
Molodets, A. M.; Nabatov, S. S. (2000). "Thermodynamic Potentials, Diagram of State, and Phase Transitions of Tin on Shock Compression". High Temperature. 38 (5): 715–721. Bibcode:2000HTemp..38..715M. doi:10.1007/BF02755923. S2CID 120417927.
Benedict, U.; Haire, R. G.; Peterson, J. R.; Itie, J. P. (1985). "Delocalisation of 5f electrons in curium metal under high pressure". Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics. 15 (2): L29–L35. Bibcode:1985JPhF...15L..29B. doi:10.1088/0305-4608/15/2/002.
Udayabhaskararao, Thumu; Altantzis, Thomas; Houben, Lothar; Coronado-Puchau, Marc; Langer, Judith; Popovitz-Biro, Ronit; Liz-Marzán, Luis M.; Vuković, Lela; Král, Petr (2017-10-27). "Tunable porous nanoallotropes prepared by post-assembly etching of binary nanoparticle superlattices". Science. 358 (6362): 514–518. Bibcode:2017Sci...358..514U. doi:10.1126/science.aan6046. hdl:10067/1472420151162165141. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 29074773.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

KI:s grundare Jöns Jacob Berzelius (in Swedish). Karolinska Institute. 9 September 2013. Event occurs at 00:42. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2019 – via YouTube.

hathitrust.org (Global: 296^th place; English: 153^rd place)

babel.hathitrust.org

See:
- Berzelius, Jac. (1841). Årsberättelse om Framstegen i Fysik och Kemi afgifven den 31 Mars 1840. Första delen [Annual Report on Progress in Physics and Chemistry submitted March 31, 1840. First part.] (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden: P.A. Norstedt & Söner. p. 14.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Udayabhaskararao, Thumu; Altantzis, Thomas; Houben, Lothar; Coronado-Puchau, Marc; Langer, Judith; Popovitz-Biro, Ronit; Liz-Marzán, Luis M.; Vuković, Lela; Král, Petr (2017-10-27). "Tunable porous nanoallotropes prepared by post-assembly etching of binary nanoparticle superlattices". Science. 358 (6362): 514–518. Bibcode:2017Sci...358..514U. doi:10.1126/science.aan6046. hdl:10067/1472420151162165141. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 29074773.

israelbds.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Materials That Don't Exist in Nature Might Lead to New Fabrication Techniques". israelbds.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-09. Retrieved 2017-12-08.

iupac.org (Global: 1,291^st place; English: 1,832^nd place)

goldbook.iupac.org

IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. (the "Gold Book") (2025). Online version: (2006–) "Allotrope". doi:10.1351/goldbook.A00243

newatlas.com (Global: 5,974^th place; English: 3,758^th place)

"Meet Q-silicon, a new magnetic material for spintronic quantum computers". New Atlas. July 4, 2023.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Hanfland, M.; Syassen, K.; Christensen, N. E.; Novikov, D. L. (2000). "New high-pressure phases of lithium". Nature. 408 (6809). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 174–178. Bibcode:2000Natur.408..174H. doi:10.1038/35041515. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 11089965. S2CID 4303422.
McMahon, M. I.; Gregoryanz, E.; Lundegaard, L. F.; Loa, I.; Guillaume, C.; Nelmes, R. J.; Kleppe, A. K.; Amboage, M.; Wilhelm, H.; Jephcoat, A. P. (2007-10-18). "Structure of sodium above 100 GPa by single-crystal x-ray diffraction". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (44): 17297–17299. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10417297M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0709309104. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2077250. PMID 17947379.
Gregoryanz, E.; Lundegaard, L. F.; McMahon, M. I.; Guillaume, C.; Nelmes, R. J.; Mezouar, M. (2008-05-23). "Structural Diversity of Sodium". Science. 320 (5879). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 1054–1057. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1054G. doi:10.1126/science.1155715. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 18497293. S2CID 29596632.
Olijnyk, H.; Holzapfel, W. B. (1985-04-01). "High-pressure structural phase transition in Mg". Physical Review B. 31 (7). American Physical Society (APS): 4682–4683. Bibcode:1985PhRvB..31.4682O. doi:10.1103/physrevb.31.4682. ISSN 0163-1829. PMID 9936412.
de la Peña O'Shea, Víctor Antonio; Moreira, Iberio de P. R.; Roldán, Alberto; Illas, Francesc (8 July 2010). "Electronic and magnetic structure of bulk cobalt: The α, β, and ε-phases from density functional theory calculations". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 133 (2): 024701. doi:10.1063/1.3458691. PMID 20632764.
Udayabhaskararao, Thumu; Altantzis, Thomas; Houben, Lothar; Coronado-Puchau, Marc; Langer, Judith; Popovitz-Biro, Ronit; Liz-Marzán, Luis M.; Vuković, Lela; Král, Petr (2017-10-27). "Tunable porous nanoallotropes prepared by post-assembly etching of binary nanoparticle superlattices". Science. 358 (6362): 514–518. Bibcode:2017Sci...358..514U. doi:10.1126/science.aan6046. hdl:10067/1472420151162165141. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 29074773.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

McMahon, M. I.; Gregoryanz, E.; Lundegaard, L. F.; Loa, I.; Guillaume, C.; Nelmes, R. J.; Kleppe, A. K.; Amboage, M.; Wilhelm, H.; Jephcoat, A. P. (2007-10-18). "Structure of sodium above 100 GPa by single-crystal x-ray diffraction". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (44): 17297–17299. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10417297M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0709309104. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2077250. PMID 17947379.

nobelprize.org (Global: 265^th place; English: 450^th place)

Werner Heisenberg – Facts Nobelprize.org

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Hanfland, M.; Syassen, K.; Christensen, N. E.; Novikov, D. L. (2000). "New high-pressure phases of lithium". Nature. 408 (6809). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 174–178. Bibcode:2000Natur.408..174H. doi:10.1038/35041515. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 11089965. S2CID 4303422.
Gregoryanz, E.; Lundegaard, L. F.; McMahon, M. I.; Guillaume, C.; Nelmes, R. J.; Mezouar, M. (2008-05-23). "Structural Diversity of Sodium". Science. 320 (5879). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 1054–1057. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1054G. doi:10.1126/science.1155715. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 18497293. S2CID 29596632.
Molodets, A. M.; Nabatov, S. S. (2000). "Thermodynamic Potentials, Diagram of State, and Phase Transitions of Tin on Shock Compression". High Temperature. 38 (5): 715–721. Bibcode:2000HTemp..38..715M. doi:10.1007/BF02755923. S2CID 120417927.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Materials That Don't Exist in Nature Might Lead to New Fabrication Techniques". israelbds.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-09. Retrieved 2017-12-08.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Overhauser, A. W. (1984-07-02). "Crystal Structure of Lithium at 4.2 K". Physical Review Letters. 53 (1). American Physical Society (APS): 64–65. Bibcode:1984PhRvL..53...64O. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.53.64. ISSN 0031-9007.
Hanfland, M.; Syassen, K.; Christensen, N. E.; Novikov, D. L. (2000). "New high-pressure phases of lithium". Nature. 408 (6809). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 174–178. Bibcode:2000Natur.408..174H. doi:10.1038/35041515. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 11089965. S2CID 4303422.
Hanfland, M.; Loa, I.; Syassen, K. (2002-05-13). "Sodium under pressure: bcc to fcc structural transition and pressure-volume relation to 100 GPa". Physical Review B. 65 (18) 184109. American Physical Society (APS). Bibcode:2002PhRvB..65r4109H. doi:10.1103/physrevb.65.184109. ISSN 0163-1829.
McMahon, M. I.; Gregoryanz, E.; Lundegaard, L. F.; Loa, I.; Guillaume, C.; Nelmes, R. J.; Kleppe, A. K.; Amboage, M.; Wilhelm, H.; Jephcoat, A. P. (2007-10-18). "Structure of sodium above 100 GPa by single-crystal x-ray diffraction". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (44): 17297–17299. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10417297M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0709309104. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2077250. PMID 17947379.
Gregoryanz, E.; Lundegaard, L. F.; McMahon, M. I.; Guillaume, C.; Nelmes, R. J.; Mezouar, M. (2008-05-23). "Structural Diversity of Sodium". Science. 320 (5879). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 1054–1057. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1054G. doi:10.1126/science.1155715. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 18497293. S2CID 29596632.
Olijnyk, H.; Holzapfel, W. B. (1985-04-01). "High-pressure structural phase transition in Mg". Physical Review B. 31 (7). American Physical Society (APS): 4682–4683. Bibcode:1985PhRvB..31.4682O. doi:10.1103/physrevb.31.4682. ISSN 0163-1829. PMID 9936412.
Udayabhaskararao, Thumu; Altantzis, Thomas; Houben, Lothar; Coronado-Puchau, Marc; Langer, Judith; Popovitz-Biro, Ronit; Liz-Marzán, Luis M.; Vuković, Lela; Král, Petr (2017-10-27). "Tunable porous nanoallotropes prepared by post-assembly etching of binary nanoparticle superlattices". Science. 358 (6362): 514–518. Bibcode:2017Sci...358..514U. doi:10.1126/science.aan6046. hdl:10067/1472420151162165141. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 29074773.

youtube.com (Global: 13^th place; English: 14^th place)

KI:s grundare Jöns Jacob Berzelius (in Swedish). Karolinska Institute. 9 September 2013. Event occurs at 00:42. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2019 – via YouTube.

Allotropy (English Wikipedia)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14th place; English: 9th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

arxiv.org (Global: 49th place; English: 31st place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64th place; English: 28th place)

hathitrust.org (Global: 296th place; English: 153rd place)