Alps (English Wikipedia)

Schmid, Stefan M.; Genschuh, Bernhard; Kissling, Eduard; Schuster, Ralf (2004). "Tectonic map and overall architecture of the Alpine orogen". Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae. 97 (1): 93. Bibcode:2004SwJG...97...93S. doi:10.1007/s00015-004-1113-x. S2CID 22393862.
Carrer, Marco; Dibona, Raffaella; Prendin, Angela Luisa; Brunetti, Michele (February 2023). "Recent waning snowpack in the Alps is unprecedented in the last six centuries". Nature Climate Change. 13 (2): 155–160. Bibcode:2023NatCC..13..155C. doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01575-3. hdl:11577/3477269. ISSN 1758-6798.
Huss, Matthias; Hock, Regine; Bauder, Andreas; Funk, Martin (1 May 2010). "100-year mass changes in the Swiss Alps linked to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 37 (10): L10501. Bibcode:2010GeoRL..3710501H. doi:10.1029/2010GL042616. ISSN 1944-8007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Zampieri, Matteo; Scoccimarro, Enrico; Gualdi, Silvio (1 January 2013). "Atlantic influence on spring snowfall over the Alps in the past 150 years". Environmental Research Letters. 8 (3) 034026. Bibcode:2013ERL.....8c4026Z. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/034026. ISSN 1748-9326.
Zampieri, Matteo; Scoccimarro, Enrico; Gualdi, Silvio; Navarra, Antonio (15 January 2015). "Observed shift towards earlier spring discharge in the main Alpine rivers". Science of the Total Environment. Towards a better understanding of the links between stressors, hazard assessment and ecosystem services under water scarcity. 503–504: 222–232. Bibcode:2015ScTEn.503..222Z. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.036. hdl:2122/9055. PMID 25005239.
Sternai, Pietro; Sue, Christian; Husson, Laurent; Serpelloni, Enrico; Becker, Thorsten W.; Willett, Sean D.; Faccenna, Claudio; Di Giulio, Andrea; Spada, Giorgio; Jolivet, Laurent; Valla, Pierre; Petit, Carole; Nocquet, Jean-Mathieu; Walpersdorf, Andrea; Castelltort, Sébastien (March 2019). "Present-day uplift of the European Alps: Evaluating mechanisms and models of their relative contributions". Earth-Science Reviews. 190: 589–604. Bibcode:2019ESRv..190..589S. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.01.005. hdl:10281/229017. ISSN 0012-8252. S2CID 96447591.
Sternai, P.; Herman, F.; Fox, M. R.; Castelltort, S. (13 July 2011). "Hypsometric analysis to identify spatially variable glacial erosion". Journal of Geophysical Research. 116 (F3): F03001. Bibcode:2011JGRF..116.3001S. doi:10.1029/2010JF001823. ISSN 0148-0227.
Sternai, Pietro; Herman, Frédéric; Valla, Pierre G.; Champagnac, Jean-Daniel (15 April 2013). "Spatial and temporal variations of glacial erosion in the Rhône valley (Swiss Alps): Insights from numerical modeling" (PDF). Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 368: 119–131. Bibcode:2013E&PSL.368..119S. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.02.039. ISSN 0012-821X. S2CID 14687787.

alpconv.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Alpine Convention". Alpine Convention. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2023. The Alps are a fascinating and spectacular mountain range spanning eight countries: Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Slovenia, and Switzerland.
"Alpine Convention - the Convention - the Alpine Convention in a nutshell - the Alps - Home". Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 9 March 2019.

alpenpaesse-wasserscheiden.at (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Die Alpen: Hydrologie und Verkehrsübergänge (German)". Archived from the original on 3 November 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2020.

alptransit-portal.ch (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Welcome to the AlpTransit Portal". Bern: Swiss Federal Archives SFA. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2016.

archives-ouvertes.fr (Global: 1,143^rd place; English: 973^rd place)

hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr

Sternai, Pietro; Herman, Frédéric; Valla, Pierre G.; Champagnac, Jean-Daniel (15 April 2013). "Spatial and temporal variations of glacial erosion in the Rhône valley (Swiss Alps): Insights from numerical modeling" (PDF). Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 368: 119–131. Bibcode:2013E&PSL.368..119S. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.02.039. ISSN 0012-821X. S2CID 14687787.

bfmtv.com (Global: 604^th place; English: 2,484^th place)

"Le Mont-Blanc passe de 4.810 mètres à 4.808,7 mètres". bfmtv.com (in French). Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2023.

bielefeldt.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

"4000 m Peaks of the Alps". Bielefeldt.de. 6 July 2010. Archived from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2012.

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

"Alps | Definition, Map, & Facts". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 13 June 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
"Lake Garda". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 28 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018.

cauesavoie.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Cahier d'architecture Haute Maurienne/Vanoise" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 15 March 2014.

cell.com (Global: 2,821^st place; English: 4,262^nd place)

Ermini, Luca; Olivieri, Cristina; Rizzi, Ermanno; Corti, Giorgio; Bonnal, Raoul; Soares, Pedro; Luciani, Stefania; Marota, Isolina; De Bellis, Gianluca; Richards, Martin B.; Rollo, Franco (November 2008). "Luca Ermini et al., "Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of the Tyrolean Iceman," Current Biology, vol. 18, no. 21 (30 October 2008), pp. 1687–1693". Current Biology. 18 (21): 1687–1693. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.09.028. hdl:11581/489003. PMID 18976917. Archived from the original on 12 June 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.

cipra.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

alpsknowhow.cipra.org

Bartaletti, Fabrizio."What Role Do the Alps Play within World Tourism?" Archived April 27, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. Commission Internationale pour la Protection des Alpes. CIRPA.org. Retrieved August 9, 2012

club4000.it (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The 4000ers of the Alps: Official UIAA List" (PDF). UIAA-Bulletin (145). March 1994. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 March 2010.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Schmid, Stefan M.; Genschuh, Bernhard; Kissling, Eduard; Schuster, Ralf (2004). "Tectonic map and overall architecture of the Alpine orogen". Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae. 97 (1): 93. Bibcode:2004SwJG...97...93S. doi:10.1007/s00015-004-1113-x. S2CID 22393862.
Carrer, Marco; Dibona, Raffaella; Prendin, Angela Luisa; Brunetti, Michele (February 2023). "Recent waning snowpack in the Alps is unprecedented in the last six centuries". Nature Climate Change. 13 (2): 155–160. Bibcode:2023NatCC..13..155C. doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01575-3. hdl:11577/3477269. ISSN 1758-6798.
Huss, Matthias; Hock, Regine; Bauder, Andreas; Funk, Martin (1 May 2010). "100-year mass changes in the Swiss Alps linked to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 37 (10): L10501. Bibcode:2010GeoRL..3710501H. doi:10.1029/2010GL042616. ISSN 1944-8007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Zampieri, Matteo; Scoccimarro, Enrico; Gualdi, Silvio (1 January 2013). "Atlantic influence on spring snowfall over the Alps in the past 150 years". Environmental Research Letters. 8 (3) 034026. Bibcode:2013ERL.....8c4026Z. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/034026. ISSN 1748-9326.
Zampieri, Matteo; Scoccimarro, Enrico; Gualdi, Silvio; Navarra, Antonio (15 January 2015). "Observed shift towards earlier spring discharge in the main Alpine rivers". Science of the Total Environment. Towards a better understanding of the links between stressors, hazard assessment and ecosystem services under water scarcity. 503–504: 222–232. Bibcode:2015ScTEn.503..222Z. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.036. hdl:2122/9055. PMID 25005239.
Sternai, Pietro; Sue, Christian; Husson, Laurent; Serpelloni, Enrico; Becker, Thorsten W.; Willett, Sean D.; Faccenna, Claudio; Di Giulio, Andrea; Spada, Giorgio; Jolivet, Laurent; Valla, Pierre; Petit, Carole; Nocquet, Jean-Mathieu; Walpersdorf, Andrea; Castelltort, Sébastien (March 2019). "Present-day uplift of the European Alps: Evaluating mechanisms and models of their relative contributions". Earth-Science Reviews. 190: 589–604. Bibcode:2019ESRv..190..589S. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.01.005. hdl:10281/229017. ISSN 0012-8252. S2CID 96447591.
Sternai, P.; Herman, F.; Fox, M. R.; Castelltort, S. (13 July 2011). "Hypsometric analysis to identify spatially variable glacial erosion". Journal of Geophysical Research. 116 (F3): F03001. Bibcode:2011JGRF..116.3001S. doi:10.1029/2010JF001823. ISSN 0148-0227.
Sternai, Pietro; Herman, Frédéric; Valla, Pierre G.; Champagnac, Jean-Daniel (15 April 2013). "Spatial and temporal variations of glacial erosion in the Rhône valley (Swiss Alps): Insights from numerical modeling" (PDF). Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 368: 119–131. Bibcode:2013E&PSL.368..119S. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.02.039. ISSN 0012-821X. S2CID 14687787.
Ermini, Luca; Olivieri, Cristina; Rizzi, Ermanno; Corti, Giorgio; Bonnal, Raoul; Soares, Pedro; Luciani, Stefania; Marota, Isolina; De Bellis, Gianluca; Richards, Martin B.; Rollo, Franco (November 2008). "Luca Ermini et al., "Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of the Tyrolean Iceman," Current Biology, vol. 18, no. 21 (30 October 2008), pp. 1687–1693". Current Biology. 18 (21): 1687–1693. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.09.028. hdl:11581/489003. PMID 18976917. Archived from the original on 12 June 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.

dolomythos.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Die Besteigung der Berge - Die Dolomitgipfel werden erobert (German: The ascent of the mountains - the dolomite peaks are conquered)". Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.

ethz.ch (Global: 2,203^rd place; English: 1,928^th place)

seismo.ethz.ch

"SED | Earthquakes and the Alps". Archived from the original on 3 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
"The largest earthquakes in the Alps". Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.

etymonline.com (Global: 669^th place; English: 670^th place)

"Alp | Origin and meaning of alp by Online Etymology Dictionary". Archived from the original on 17 December 2018. Retrieved 16 December 2018.
"Online Etymology Dictionary". Etymonline.com. 14 May 1955. Archived from the original on 28 July 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2012.

fahrplanfelder.ch (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Official Timetable" (in English, German, French, Italian, and Romansh). Bern: Swiss Federal Office for Transport. Archived from the original on 27 June 2022. Retrieved 11 May 2016.

fao.org (Global: 428^th place; English: 480^th place)

"Site-specific grasses and herbs". www.fao.org. Retrieved 10 August 2025.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

"IPCC regional fact sheet - Mountains" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Huss, Matthias; Hock, Regine; Bauder, Andreas; Funk, Martin (1 May 2010). "100-year mass changes in the Swiss Alps linked to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 37 (10): L10501. Bibcode:2010GeoRL..3710501H. doi:10.1029/2010GL042616. ISSN 1944-8007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

hahnenkamm.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Hahenkamm Races Kitzbuhel" Archived February 19, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. HKR.com. Retrieved August 13, 2012,

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Carrer, Marco; Dibona, Raffaella; Prendin, Angela Luisa; Brunetti, Michele (February 2023). "Recent waning snowpack in the Alps is unprecedented in the last six centuries". Nature Climate Change. 13 (2): 155–160. Bibcode:2023NatCC..13..155C. doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01575-3. hdl:11577/3477269. ISSN 1758-6798.
Zampieri, Matteo; Scoccimarro, Enrico; Gualdi, Silvio; Navarra, Antonio (15 January 2015). "Observed shift towards earlier spring discharge in the main Alpine rivers". Science of the Total Environment. Towards a better understanding of the links between stressors, hazard assessment and ecosystem services under water scarcity. 503–504: 222–232. Bibcode:2015ScTEn.503..222Z. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.036. hdl:2122/9055. PMID 25005239.
Sternai, Pietro; Sue, Christian; Husson, Laurent; Serpelloni, Enrico; Becker, Thorsten W.; Willett, Sean D.; Faccenna, Claudio; Di Giulio, Andrea; Spada, Giorgio; Jolivet, Laurent; Valla, Pierre; Petit, Carole; Nocquet, Jean-Mathieu; Walpersdorf, Andrea; Castelltort, Sébastien (March 2019). "Present-day uplift of the European Alps: Evaluating mechanisms and models of their relative contributions". Earth-Science Reviews. 190: 589–604. Bibcode:2019ESRv..190..589S. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.01.005. hdl:10281/229017. ISSN 0012-8252. S2CID 96447591.
Ermini, Luca; Olivieri, Cristina; Rizzi, Ermanno; Corti, Giorgio; Bonnal, Raoul; Soares, Pedro; Luciani, Stefania; Marota, Isolina; De Bellis, Gianluca; Richards, Martin B.; Rollo, Franco (November 2008). "Luca Ermini et al., "Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of the Tyrolean Iceman," Current Biology, vol. 18, no. 21 (30 October 2008), pp. 1687–1693". Current Biology. 18 (21): 1687–1693. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.09.028. hdl:11581/489003. PMID 18976917. Archived from the original on 12 June 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.

iceman.it (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Ötzi the Iceman". www.iceman.it. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2023.

ipcc.ch (Global: 1,841^st place; English: 1,511^th place)

"IPCC regional fact sheet - Mountains" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

isyours.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

switzerland.isyours.com

"History of the Great St Bernard pass". Retrieved 8 August 2007.

lauberhorn.ch (Global: low place; English: low place)

Lauberhorn History Archived August 13, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
Lauberhorn Downhill Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 14, 2012.

ledauphine.com (Global: 1,613^th place; English: 5,900^th place)

Thiers, Frédéric (10 August 2016). "Ronce, le gardien silencieux du col du Mont-Cenis". Le Dauphiné libéré. Archived from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021.

marmotamaps.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Ski resorts of the Alps: the development, 'Marmota Maps'". 15 November 2019. Archived from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Zampieri, Matteo; Scoccimarro, Enrico; Gualdi, Silvio; Navarra, Antonio (15 January 2015). "Observed shift towards earlier spring discharge in the main Alpine rivers". Science of the Total Environment. Towards a better understanding of the links between stressors, hazard assessment and ecosystem services under water scarcity. 503–504: 222–232. Bibcode:2015ScTEn.503..222Z. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.036. hdl:2122/9055. PMID 25005239.
Ermini, Luca; Olivieri, Cristina; Rizzi, Ermanno; Corti, Giorgio; Bonnal, Raoul; Soares, Pedro; Luciani, Stefania; Marota, Isolina; De Bellis, Gianluca; Richards, Martin B.; Rollo, Franco (November 2008). "Luca Ermini et al., "Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of the Tyrolean Iceman," Current Biology, vol. 18, no. 21 (30 October 2008), pp. 1687–1693". Current Biology. 18 (21): 1687–1693. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.09.028. hdl:11581/489003. PMID 18976917. Archived from the original on 12 June 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.

olympic.org (Global: 591^st place; English: 808^th place)

"21 Past Olympic Games" Archived October 31, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. Olympic.org. Retrieved August 13, 2012

rero.ch (Global: 3,023^rd place; English: 2,092^nd place)

doc.rero.ch

Huss, Matthias; Hock, Regine; Bauder, Andreas; Funk, Martin (1 May 2010). "100-year mass changes in the Swiss Alps linked to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 37 (10): L10501. Bibcode:2010GeoRL..3710501H. doi:10.1029/2010GL042616. ISSN 1944-8007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

Briand, F.; Dubost, M.; Pitt, D.; Rambaud, D. (1989). The Alps - A system under pressure. IUCN. p. 128. ISBN 2-88032-983-3.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Schmid, Stefan M.; Genschuh, Bernhard; Kissling, Eduard; Schuster, Ralf (2004). "Tectonic map and overall architecture of the Alpine orogen". Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae. 97 (1): 93. Bibcode:2004SwJG...97...93S. doi:10.1007/s00015-004-1113-x. S2CID 22393862.
Sternai, Pietro; Sue, Christian; Husson, Laurent; Serpelloni, Enrico; Becker, Thorsten W.; Willett, Sean D.; Faccenna, Claudio; Di Giulio, Andrea; Spada, Giorgio; Jolivet, Laurent; Valla, Pierre; Petit, Carole; Nocquet, Jean-Mathieu; Walpersdorf, Andrea; Castelltort, Sébastien (March 2019). "Present-day uplift of the European Alps: Evaluating mechanisms and models of their relative contributions". Earth-Science Reviews. 190: 589–604. Bibcode:2019ESRv..190..589S. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.01.005. hdl:10281/229017. ISSN 0012-8252. S2CID 96447591.
Sternai, Pietro; Herman, Frédéric; Valla, Pierre G.; Champagnac, Jean-Daniel (15 April 2013). "Spatial and temporal variations of glacial erosion in the Rhône valley (Swiss Alps): Insights from numerical modeling" (PDF). Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 368: 119–131. Bibcode:2013E&PSL.368..119S. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.02.039. ISSN 0012-821X. S2CID 14687787.

springer.com (Global: 182^nd place; English: 172^nd place)

rd.springer.com

Kala, C.P. and Ratajc, P. 2012."High altitude biodiversity of the Alps and the Himalayas: ethnobotany, plant distribution and conservation perspective". Archived October 14, 2017, at the Wayback Machine Biodiversity and Conservation, 21 (4): 1115–1126.

svetobeznik.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

kutka, petr (21 February 2022). "Víte, že jsou Alpy i v Maďarsku? Geografická zajímavost a tip na příjemný výlet". Světoběžník.info (in Czech). Archived from the original on 20 December 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2022.

swissworld.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Rail". Archived May 27, 2013, at the Wayback Machine Swissworld.org. Retrieved August 20, 2012,

tagesanzeiger.ch (Global: 2,180^th place; English: 5,346^th place)

"Wer hat die grösste Röhre?" [Who has the longest tube?]. Tages-Anzeiger (graphical animation) (in German). Zurich. 14 April 2016. Archived from the original on 29 April 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
"Was die Tunnelbauer im Gotthard antrafen". Tages-Anzeiger (graphical animation) (in German). Zurich. 1 April 2016. Archived from the original on 11 May 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

Fleming, Fergus (3 November 2000). "Cliffhanger at the top of the world". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2021.

tufts.edu (Global: 192^nd place; English: 165^th place)

perseus.tufts.edu

Maurus Servius Honoratus. "Book 10, line 13". In Georgius Thilo (ed.). Servii Grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii (in Latin). Archived from the original on 6 November 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021.

ultimateungulate.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Rupicapra rupicapra [Linnaeus, 1758] Archived April 6, 2014, at the Wayback Machine

unito.it (Global: low place; English: low place)

iris.unito.it

Lombardi, Giampiero; Falchero, Luca; Coppa, Mauro; Tava, A. (2008), Volatile compounds of Alpine vegetation as markers for the traceability of "grass-deriving" dairy products, SWE, ISBN 978-91-85911-47-9, retrieved 10 August 2025

upload.wikimedia.org (Global: 1,245^th place; English: 1,259^th place)

French: Alpes [alp]; German: Alpen [ˈalpn̩] ^ⓘ; Italian: Alpi [ˈalpi]; Romansh: Alps [alps]; Slovene: Alpe [ˈáːlpɛ].

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Le Mont-Blanc passe de 4.810 mètres à 4.808,7 mètres". bfmtv.com (in French). Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
"The Alpine Convention". Alpine Convention. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2023. The Alps are a fascinating and spectacular mountain range spanning eight countries: Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Slovenia, and Switzerland.
"Ötzi the Iceman". www.iceman.it. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
"Alp | Origin and meaning of alp by Online Etymology Dictionary". Archived from the original on 17 December 2018. Retrieved 16 December 2018.
Maurus Servius Honoratus. "Book 10, line 13". In Georgius Thilo (ed.). Servii Grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii (in Latin). Archived from the original on 6 November 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
"Online Etymology Dictionary". Etymonline.com. 14 May 1955. Archived from the original on 28 July 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
kutka, petr (21 February 2022). "Víte, že jsou Alpy i v Maďarsku? Geografická zajímavost a tip na příjemný výlet". Světoběžník.info (in Czech). Archived from the original on 20 December 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
"Alpine Convention - the Convention - the Alpine Convention in a nutshell - the Alps - Home". Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
"Alps | Definition, Map, & Facts". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 13 June 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
"Die Alpen: Hydrologie und Verkehrsübergänge (German)". Archived from the original on 3 November 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
Thiers, Frédéric (10 August 2016). "Ronce, le gardien silencieux du col du Mont-Cenis". Le Dauphiné libéré. Archived from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
"Wer hat die grösste Röhre?" [Who has the longest tube?]. Tages-Anzeiger (graphical animation) (in German). Zurich. 14 April 2016. Archived from the original on 29 April 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
"Was die Tunnelbauer im Gotthard antrafen". Tages-Anzeiger (graphical animation) (in German). Zurich. 1 April 2016. Archived from the original on 11 May 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
"Official Timetable" (in English, German, French, Italian, and Romansh). Bern: Swiss Federal Office for Transport. Archived from the original on 27 June 2022. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
"The 4000ers of the Alps: Official UIAA List" (PDF). UIAA-Bulletin (145). March 1994. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 March 2010.
"4000 m Peaks of the Alps". Bielefeldt.de. 6 July 2010. Archived from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2012.
"Lake Garda". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 28 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
"SED | Earthquakes and the Alps". Archived from the original on 3 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
"The largest earthquakes in the Alps". Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
Kala, C.P. and Ratajc, P. 2012."High altitude biodiversity of the Alps and the Himalayas: ethnobotany, plant distribution and conservation perspective". Archived October 14, 2017, at the Wayback Machine Biodiversity and Conservation, 21 (4): 1115–1126.
Rupicapra rupicapra [Linnaeus, 1758] Archived April 6, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
Ermini, Luca; Olivieri, Cristina; Rizzi, Ermanno; Corti, Giorgio; Bonnal, Raoul; Soares, Pedro; Luciani, Stefania; Marota, Isolina; De Bellis, Gianluca; Richards, Martin B.; Rollo, Franco (November 2008). "Luca Ermini et al., "Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of the Tyrolean Iceman," Current Biology, vol. 18, no. 21 (30 October 2008), pp. 1687–1693". Current Biology. 18 (21): 1687–1693. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.09.028. hdl:11581/489003. PMID 18976917. Archived from the original on 12 June 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
Fleming, Fergus (3 November 2000). "Cliffhanger at the top of the world". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
"Die Besteigung der Berge - Die Dolomitgipfel werden erobert (German: The ascent of the mountains - the dolomite peaks are conquered)". Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
"Cahier d'architecture Haute Maurienne/Vanoise" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 15 March 2014.
Bartaletti, Fabrizio."What Role Do the Alps Play within World Tourism?" Archived April 27, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. Commission Internationale pour la Protection des Alpes. CIRPA.org. Retrieved August 9, 2012
"21 Past Olympic Games" Archived October 31, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. Olympic.org. Retrieved August 13, 2012
Lauberhorn History Archived August 13, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
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worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

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Carrer, Marco; Dibona, Raffaella; Prendin, Angela Luisa; Brunetti, Michele (February 2023). "Recent waning snowpack in the Alps is unprecedented in the last six centuries". Nature Climate Change. 13 (2): 155–160. Bibcode:2023NatCC..13..155C. doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01575-3. hdl:11577/3477269. ISSN 1758-6798.
Huss, Matthias; Hock, Regine; Bauder, Andreas; Funk, Martin (1 May 2010). "100-year mass changes in the Swiss Alps linked to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 37 (10): L10501. Bibcode:2010GeoRL..3710501H. doi:10.1029/2010GL042616. ISSN 1944-8007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Zampieri, Matteo; Scoccimarro, Enrico; Gualdi, Silvio (1 January 2013). "Atlantic influence on spring snowfall over the Alps in the past 150 years". Environmental Research Letters. 8 (3) 034026. Bibcode:2013ERL.....8c4026Z. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/034026. ISSN 1748-9326.
Sternai, Pietro; Sue, Christian; Husson, Laurent; Serpelloni, Enrico; Becker, Thorsten W.; Willett, Sean D.; Faccenna, Claudio; Di Giulio, Andrea; Spada, Giorgio; Jolivet, Laurent; Valla, Pierre; Petit, Carole; Nocquet, Jean-Mathieu; Walpersdorf, Andrea; Castelltort, Sébastien (March 2019). "Present-day uplift of the European Alps: Evaluating mechanisms and models of their relative contributions". Earth-Science Reviews. 190: 589–604. Bibcode:2019ESRv..190..589S. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.01.005. hdl:10281/229017. ISSN 0012-8252. S2CID 96447591.
Sternai, P.; Herman, F.; Fox, M. R.; Castelltort, S. (13 July 2011). "Hypsometric analysis to identify spatially variable glacial erosion". Journal of Geophysical Research. 116 (F3): F03001. Bibcode:2011JGRF..116.3001S. doi:10.1029/2010JF001823. ISSN 0148-0227.
Sternai, Pietro; Herman, Frédéric; Valla, Pierre G.; Champagnac, Jean-Daniel (15 April 2013). "Spatial and temporal variations of glacial erosion in the Rhône valley (Swiss Alps): Insights from numerical modeling" (PDF). Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 368: 119–131. Bibcode:2013E&PSL.368..119S. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.02.039. ISSN 0012-821X. S2CID 14687787.

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