Mozume Takami[in Japanese], "(Kechō) Amabiko" (怪鳥)あまびこ, Kōbunko 広文庫, vol. 1, Kōbunko kankōkai, p. 1151 Facsimile illustration and text from the Nagasaki kai'i shokan no utsushi35.
Nagano (2005), p. 5, nine examples (incl. amabie) collated by the different ways in which names are written, on p. 7. Nagano, Eishun (2005), "Yogenjū amabiko kō: amabiko wo tegakari ni" 予言獣アマビコ考—「海彦」をてがかりに [Consideration on prophetic beast amabiko—using umibiko as hint] (PDF), Jakuetsu Kyōdoshi Kenkyū (若越郷土研究), 49 (2): 1–30, archived from the original on 16 August 2016, retrieved 7 January 2021
Nagano (2005), p. 3, the exact wording is not "toro-less", but "as if three long legs are growing immediately out of the head portion 頭部からいきなり長い三本足が生えたような". Nagano, Eishun (2005), "Yogenjū amabiko kō: amabiko wo tegakari ni" 予言獣アマビコ考—「海彦」をてがかりに [Consideration on prophetic beast amabiko—using umibiko as hint] (PDF), Jakuetsu Kyōdoshi Kenkyū (若越郷土研究), 49 (2): 1–30, archived from the original on 16 August 2016, retrieved 7 January 2021
Leaflet, as in written (and painted) on approximately a halved hanshi [ja] size (24 cm × 33 cm (9.45 in × 13.0 in)) paper,Nagano (2005), p. 1 i.e., very roughly a halved legal size paper. Nagano, Eishun (2005), "Yogenjū amabiko kō: amabiko wo tegakari ni" 予言獣アマビコ考—「海彦」をてがかりに [Consideration on prophetic beast amabiko—using umibiko as hint] (PDF), Jakuetsu Kyōdoshi Kenkyū (若越郷土研究), 49 (2): 1–30, archived from the original on 16 August 2016, retrieved 7 January 2021
amahiko[?] nyūdō (尼彦入道) (surimono, also owned by Yumoto). Text reprinted as source #8 Nagano (2005), p. 25, illustration reproduced p. 22, fig. 7. Nagano, Eishun (2005), "Yogenjū amabiko kō: amabiko wo tegakari ni" 予言獣アマビコ考—「海彦」をてがかりに [Consideration on prophetic beast amabiko—using umibiko as hint] (PDF), Jakuetsu Kyōdoshi Kenkyū (若越郷土研究), 49 (2): 1–30, archived from the original on 16 August 2016, retrieved 7 January 2021
Nagano (2005), pp. 8–9, 11–14. "others" charted on Table 2, on p. 23 (18 examples). Nagano, Eishun (2005), "Yogenjū amabiko kō: amabiko wo tegakari ni" 予言獣アマビコ考—「海彦」をてがかりに [Consideration on prophetic beast amabiko—using umibiko as hint] (PDF), Jakuetsu Kyōdoshi Kenkyū (若越郷土研究), 49 (2): 1–30, archived from the original on 16 August 2016, retrieved 7 January 2021
Nagano (2005), p. 5, nine examples (incl. amabie) collated by the different ways in which names are written, on p. 7. Nagano, Eishun (2005), "Yogenjū amabiko kō: amabiko wo tegakari ni" 予言獣アマビコ考—「海彦」をてがかりに [Consideration on prophetic beast amabiko—using umibiko as hint] (PDF), Jakuetsu Kyōdoshi Kenkyū (若越郷土研究), 49 (2): 1–30, archived from the original on 16 August 2016, retrieved 7 January 2021
Nagano (2005), p. 3, the exact wording is not "toro-less", but "as if three long legs are growing immediately out of the head portion 頭部からいきなり長い三本足が生えたような". Nagano, Eishun (2005), "Yogenjū amabiko kō: amabiko wo tegakari ni" 予言獣アマビコ考—「海彦」をてがかりに [Consideration on prophetic beast amabiko—using umibiko as hint] (PDF), Jakuetsu Kyōdoshi Kenkyū (若越郷土研究), 49 (2): 1–30, archived from the original on 16 August 2016, retrieved 7 January 2021
Leaflet, as in written (and painted) on approximately a halved hanshi [ja] size (24 cm × 33 cm (9.45 in × 13.0 in)) paper,Nagano (2005), p. 1 i.e., very roughly a halved legal size paper. Nagano, Eishun (2005), "Yogenjū amabiko kō: amabiko wo tegakari ni" 予言獣アマビコ考—「海彦」をてがかりに [Consideration on prophetic beast amabiko—using umibiko as hint] (PDF), Jakuetsu Kyōdoshi Kenkyū (若越郷土研究), 49 (2): 1–30, archived from the original on 16 August 2016, retrieved 7 January 2021
amahiko[?] nyūdō (尼彦入道) (surimono, also owned by Yumoto). Text reprinted as source #8 Nagano (2005), p. 25, illustration reproduced p. 22, fig. 7. Nagano, Eishun (2005), "Yogenjū amabiko kō: amabiko wo tegakari ni" 予言獣アマビコ考—「海彦」をてがかりに [Consideration on prophetic beast amabiko—using umibiko as hint] (PDF), Jakuetsu Kyōdoshi Kenkyū (若越郷土研究), 49 (2): 1–30, archived from the original on 16 August 2016, retrieved 7 January 2021
Nagano (2005), pp. 8–9, 11–14. "others" charted on Table 2, on p. 23 (18 examples). Nagano, Eishun (2005), "Yogenjū amabiko kō: amabiko wo tegakari ni" 予言獣アマビコ考—「海彦」をてがかりに [Consideration on prophetic beast amabiko—using umibiko as hint] (PDF), Jakuetsu Kyōdoshi Kenkyū (若越郷土研究), 49 (2): 1–30, archived from the original on 16 August 2016, retrieved 7 January 2021
The leaf is bound along with unrelated material in the Tsubokawa manuscript (坪川本), now in the possession of the Fukui Prefectural Library (福井県立図書館). The painting was presumably by the known copyist, who was not born 1846, sot the 1844 date cannot be the date he painted it, but rather the date indicated on the original exemplar.[31]
The pamphlets are identified as surimono (刷物) in the newspaper, which added they were about the size of a quartered hanshi [ja] size, i.e., very roughly a quartered legal size paper as discussed in note above. Also the newspaper reprinted a normalized text mixed with kanji, revealing that the original was entirely in kana.
Mozume Takami[in Japanese], "(Kechō) Amabiko" (怪鳥)あまびこ, Kōbunko 広文庫, vol. 1, Kōbunko kankōkai, p. 1151 Facsimile illustration and text from the Nagasaki kai'i shokan no utsushi35.
Several more attestations were noted post-2005: a copy of Ambabiko[?] dated 1843 in Seisō kibun,[8] the facsimile and text of a different 1843 copy in an encyclopedia Kōbunko [ja],[9][10] and an 1844 dated copy preserved in Echizen city.[11]
The text is supplied with furigana phonetics which literally reads amahiko, but still could be read as either "amahiko" or "amabiko".[26] (Since dakuten [ja] or sonorant marks are routinely eschewed in older texts). Nagano prefers the "amabiko" reading in his paper.
Leaflet, as in written (and painted) on approximately a halved hanshi [ja] size (24 cm × 33 cm (9.45 in × 13.0 in)) paper,Nagano (2005), p. 1 i.e., very roughly a halved legal size paper. Nagano, Eishun (2005), "Yogenjū amabiko kō: amabiko wo tegakari ni" 予言獣アマビコ考—「海彦」をてがかりに [Consideration on prophetic beast amabiko—using umibiko as hint] (PDF), Jakuetsu Kyōdoshi Kenkyū (若越郷土研究), 49 (2): 1–30, archived from the original on 16 August 2016, retrieved 7 January 2021
