American Sign Language (English Wikipedia)
Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "American Sign Language" in English language version.
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adata.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "ADA Quick Tips - Sign Language Interpreters | ADA National Network". adata.org. Retrieved 2026-04-22.
archive-it.org (Global: 1,292nd place; English: 869th place)
wayback.archive-it.org
- Stokoe himself termed them cheremes, but other linguists have referred to them as phonemes. See Bahan (1996:11). Bahan, Benjamin (1996). Non-Manual Realization of Agreement in American Sign Language (PDF). Boston University. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 11, 2017. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
- Bahan (1996) Bahan, Benjamin (1996). Non-Manual Realization of Agreement in American Sign Language (PDF). Boston University. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 11, 2017. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)
- Groce, Nora Ellen (1985). Everyone Here Spoke Sign Language: Hereditary Deafness on Martha's Vineyard. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-27041-1. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
everyone here sign.
- Bailey & Dolby (2002:1–2) Bailey, Carol; Dolby, Kathy (2002). The Canadian dictionary of ASL. Edmonton, AB: The University of Alberta Press. ISBN 978-0-88864-300-1.
- Costello (2008:xxv) Costello, Elaine (2008). American Sign Language Dictionary. Random House. ISBN 978-0-375-42616-2. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
- Neidle, Carol (2000). The Syntax of American Sign Language: Functional Categories and Hierarchical Structures. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. p. 59. ISBN 978-0-262-14067-6.
- Costello (2008:xxiii) Costello, Elaine (2008). American Sign Language Dictionary. Random House. ISBN 978-0-375-42616-2. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
- Klima & Bellugi (1979:27) Klima, Edward S.; Bellugi, Ursula (1979). The signs of language. Boston: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-80796-9.
asd-1817.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "A Brief History of ASD". American School for the Deaf. n.d. Archived from the original on March 1, 2014. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)
- In particular, Martha's Vineyard Sign Language, Henniker Sign Language, and Sandy River Valley Sign Language were brought to the school by students. They, in turn, appear to have been influenced by early British Sign Language and did not involve input from indigenous Native American sign systems. See Padden (2010:11), Lane, Pillard & French (2000:17), and Johnson & Schembri (2007:68). Padden, Carol (2010), "Sign Language Geography", in Mathur, Gaurav; Napoli, Donna (eds.), Deaf Around the World (PDF), New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 19–37, ISBN 978-0-19-973253-1, archived from the original (PDF) on June 3, 2011, retrieved November 25, 2012 Lane, Harlan; Pillard, Richard; French, Mary (2000). "Origins of the American Deaf-World". Sign Language Studies. 1 (1): 17–44. doi:10.1353/sls.2000.0003. Johnson, Trevor; Schembri, Adam (2007). Australian Sign Language (Auslan): An introduction to sign language linguistics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54056-8. Archived from the original on March 19, 2023. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
- Kegl (2008) Kegl, Judy (2008). "The Case of Signed Languages in the Context of Pidgin and Creole Studies". In Kouwenberg, Silvia; Singler, John (eds.). The Handbook of Pidgin and Creole Studies. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-521-54056-8. Archived from the original on March 19, 2023. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
- Johnson & Schembri (2007) Johnson, Trevor; Schembri, Adam (2007). Australian Sign Language (Auslan): An introduction to sign language linguistics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54056-8. Archived from the original on March 19, 2023. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
- Armstrong & Karchmer (2002) Armstrong, David; Karchmer, Michael (2002), "William C. Stokoe and the Study of Signed Languages", in Armstrong, David; Karchmer, Michael; Van Cleve, John (eds.), The Study of Signed Languages, Gallaudet University, pp. xi–xix, ISBN 978-1-56368-123-3, retrieved November 25, 2012
- Benoit Duchateau-Arminjon, 2013, Healing Cambodia One Child at a Time, Archived 2023-03-19 at the Wayback Machine p. 180.
- Valli & Lucas (2000:86) Valli, Clayton; Lucas, Ceil (2000). Linguistics of American Sign Language. Gallaudet University Press. ISBN 978-1-56368-097-7. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
- Liddell (2002:60) Liddell, Scott (2002), "Modality Effects and Conflicting Agendas", in Armstrong, David; Karchmer, Michael; Van Cleve, John (eds.), The Study of Signed Languages, Gallaudet University, pp. xi–xix, ISBN 978-1-56368-123-3, retrieved November 26, 2012
- Liddell (2002:61) Liddell, Scott (2002), "Modality Effects and Conflicting Agendas", in Armstrong, David; Karchmer, Michael; Van Cleve, John (eds.), The Study of Signed Languages, Gallaudet University, pp. xi–xix, ISBN 978-1-56368-123-3, retrieved November 26, 2012
- Liddell (2002:62) Liddell, Scott (2002), "Modality Effects and Conflicting Agendas", in Armstrong, David; Karchmer, Michael; Van Cleve, John (eds.), The Study of Signed Languages, Gallaudet University, pp. xi–xix, ISBN 978-1-56368-123-3, retrieved November 26, 2012
bu.edu (Global: 2,348th place; English: 1,348th place)
louis-xiv.bu.edu
- Stokoe himself termed them cheremes, but other linguists have referred to them as phonemes. See Bahan (1996:11). Bahan, Benjamin (1996). Non-Manual Realization of Agreement in American Sign Language (PDF). Boston University. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 11, 2017. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
- Bahan (1996) Bahan, Benjamin (1996). Non-Manual Realization of Agreement in American Sign Language (PDF). Boston University. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 11, 2017. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
ca.gov (Global: 352nd place; English: 167th place)
dgs.ca.gov
- "Celebrate National American Sign Language Day". www.dgs.ca.gov. Retrieved 2026-04-14.
cartoonbrew.com (Global: 2,290th place; English: 1,387th place)
- Bennett, Tara (2026-04-20). "Disney Animates Sign Language Versions Of Iconic Songs". www.cartoonbrew.com. Retrieved 2026-04-22.
census.gov (Global: 18th place; English: 18th place)
- "Language Statistics: ACS (2013)". US Census Bureau. Retrieved 2026-04-22.
cmu.edu (Global: 2,125th place; English: 1,347th place)
repository.cmu.edu
- Solomon (2010) Solomon, Andrea (2010). Cultural and Sociolinguistic Features of the Black Deaf Community (Honors Thesis). Carnegie Mellon University. Archived from the original on April 3, 2012. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
dccouncil.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)
code.dccouncil.gov
- "D.C. Law 14-50. American Sign Language Recognition Act of 2001". code.dccouncil.gov. Council of the District of Columbia. 2001-10-26. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
deaflibrary.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- About American Sign Language Archived 2013-05-19 at the Wayback Machine, Deaf Research Library, Karen Nakamura
- Nakamura, Karen (2008). "About ASL". Deaf Resource Library. Archived from the original on May 19, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
disabilitymuseum.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "A Brief History Of The American Asylum, At Hartford, For The Education And Instruction Of The Deaf And Dumb". 1893. Archived from the original on September 5, 2013. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
dkuug.dk (Global: low place; English: low place)
std.dkuug.dk
- Everson, Michael; Slevinski, Stephen; Sutton, Valerie. "Proposal for encoding Sutton SignWriting in the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)
- In particular, Martha's Vineyard Sign Language, Henniker Sign Language, and Sandy River Valley Sign Language were brought to the school by students. They, in turn, appear to have been influenced by early British Sign Language and did not involve input from indigenous Native American sign systems. See Padden (2010:11), Lane, Pillard & French (2000:17), and Johnson & Schembri (2007:68). Padden, Carol (2010), "Sign Language Geography", in Mathur, Gaurav; Napoli, Donna (eds.), Deaf Around the World (PDF), New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 19–37, ISBN 978-0-19-973253-1, archived from the original (PDF) on June 3, 2011, retrieved November 25, 2012 Lane, Harlan; Pillard, Richard; French, Mary (2000). "Origins of the American Deaf-World". Sign Language Studies. 1 (1): 17–44. doi:10.1353/sls.2000.0003. Johnson, Trevor; Schembri, Adam (2007). Australian Sign Language (Auslan): An introduction to sign language linguistics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54056-8. Archived from the original on March 19, 2023. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
- Jiaxun Cao; Xuening Peng; Fan Liang; Xin Tong (2024). "'Voices Help Correlate Signs and Words': Analyzing Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) TikTokers' Content, Practices, and Pitfalls". In Florian Floyd Mueller; Penny Kyburz; et al. (eds.). CHI '24: Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Art. 34. doi:10.1145/3613904.3642413.
- Elliott, Eeva A.; Jacobs, Arthur M. (2013). "Facial expressions, emotions, and sign languages". Frontiers in Psychology. 4: 115. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00115. ISSN 1664-1078. PMC 3593340. PMID 23482994.
- Lane, Pillard & French (2000:17) Lane, Harlan; Pillard, Richard; French, Mary (2000). "Origins of the American Deaf-World". Sign Language Studies. 1 (1): 17–44. doi:10.1353/sls.2000.0003.
- See:
- Ruben, Robert J. (2005). "Sign language: Its history and contribution to the understanding of the biological nature of language". Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 125 (5): 464–7. doi:10.1080/00016480510026287. PMID 16092534. S2CID 1704351.
- See Lane, Pillard & French (2000:39). Lane, Harlan; Pillard, Richard; French, Mary (2000). "Origins of the American Deaf-World". Sign Language Studies. 1 (1): 17–44. doi:10.1353/sls.2000.0003.
- Schuchman, John S. (March 2004). "The Silent Film Era: Silent Films, NAD Films, and the Deaf Community's Response". Sign Language Studies. 4 (3): 231–238. doi:10.1353/sls.2004.0013. ISSN 1533-6263.
- Blau, Shane (2017). "Indexing Gay Identities in American Sign Language". Sign Language Studies. 18 (1): 5–40. doi:10.1353/sls.2017.0019. JSTOR 26478210. S2CID 149249585.
- Newman, Aaron J.; Bavelier, Daphne; Corina, David; Jezzard, Peter; Neville, Helen J. (2002). "A critical period for right hemisphere recruitment in American Sign Language processing". Nature Neuroscience. 5 (1): 76–80. doi:10.1038/nn775. PMID 11753419. S2CID 2745545.
- Bishop & Hicks (2005) Bishop, Michele; Hicks, Sherry (2005). "Orange Eyes: Bimodal Bilingualism in Hearing Adults from Deaf Families". Sign Language Studies. 5 (2): 188–230. doi:10.1353/sls.2005.0001. S2CID 143557815.
- Sanjabi, Ali; Behmanesh, Abbas Ali; Guity, Ardavan; Siyavoshi, Sara; Watkins, Martin; Hochgesang, Julie A. (2016). "Zaban Eshareh Irani (ZEI) and Its Fingerspelling System". Sign Language Studies. 16 (4): 500–534. doi:10.1353/sls.2016.0010. ISSN 1533-6263.
- Reagan, Timothy (2003-01-16). "LINGUISTICS OF AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE: AN INTRODUCTION (3rd ed.). Clayton Valli and Ceil Lucas. Washington, DC: Gallaudet University Press, 2001. Pp. xvi + 493. $60.00 cloth". Studies in Second Language Acquisition. 25 (1): 157–158. doi:10.1017/s0272263103210068. ISSN 0272-2631.
- Lillo-Martin, Diane (November 1986). "Two Kinds of Null Arguments in American Sign Language". Natural Language and Linguistic Theory. 4 (4): 415. doi:10.1007/bf00134469. S2CID 170784826.
- Thompson, Robin L.; Vinson, David P.; Vigliocco, Gabriella (March 2009). "The Link Between Form and Meaning in American Sign Language: Lexical Processing Effects". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. 35 (2): 550–557. doi:10.1037/a0014547. ISSN 0278-7393. PMC 3667647. PMID 19271866.
- Petitto, Laura A. (1987). "On the autonomy of language and gesture: Evidence from the acquisition of personal pronouns in American sign language". Cognition. 27 (1): 1–52. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(87)90034-5. PMID 3691016. S2CID 31570908.
ethnologue.com (Global: 354th place; English: 413th place)
- American Sign Language at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- Bolivian Sign Language at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
gallaudet.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)
research.gallaudet.edu
- Although some surveys of smaller scope measure ASL use, such as the California Department of Education recording ASL use in the home when children begin school, ASL use in the general American population has not been directly measured. See Mitchell et al. (2006:1). Mitchell, Ross; Young, Travas; Bachleda, Bellamie; Karchmer, Michael (2006). "How Many People Use ASL in the United States?: Why Estimates Need Updating" (PDF). Sign Language Studies. 6 (3). ISSN 0302-1475. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
- Mitchell et al. (2006) Mitchell, Ross; Young, Travas; Bachleda, Bellamie; Karchmer, Michael (2006). "How Many People Use ASL in the United States?: Why Estimates Need Updating" (PDF). Sign Language Studies. 6 (3). ISSN 0302-1475. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
gallaudet.edu
- "Black ASL Project". Gallaudet University. Retrieved 2026-04-22.
ghostarchive.org (Global: 64th place; English: 28th place)
- Although some surveys of smaller scope measure ASL use, such as the California Department of Education recording ASL use in the home when children begin school, ASL use in the general American population has not been directly measured. See Mitchell et al. (2006:1). Mitchell, Ross; Young, Travas; Bachleda, Bellamie; Karchmer, Michael (2006). "How Many People Use ASL in the United States?: Why Estimates Need Updating" (PDF). Sign Language Studies. 6 (3). ISSN 0302-1475. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
- Education Policy Counsel at National Association of the Deaf. "States that Recognize American Sign Language as a Foreign Language" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- Mitchell et al. (2006) Mitchell, Ross; Young, Travas; Bachleda, Bellamie; Karchmer, Michael (2006). "How Many People Use ASL in the United States?: Why Estimates Need Updating" (PDF). Sign Language Studies. 6 (3). ISSN 0302-1475. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
- Gallaudet Department of Linguistics (2017-09-16), Do sign languages have accents?, archived from the original on 2021-10-30, retrieved 2018-04-27
- Hurlbut (2003, 7. Conclusion) Hurlbut, Hope (2003), "A Preliminary Survey of the Signed Languages of Malaysia", in Baker, Anne; van den Bogaerde, Beppie; Crasborn, Onno (eds.), Cross-linguistic perspectives in sign language research: selected papers from TISLR (PDF), Hamburg: Signum Verlag, pp. 31–46, archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09, retrieved December 3, 2012
- Everson, Michael; Slevinski, Stephen; Sutton, Valerie. "Proposal for encoding Sutton SignWriting in the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
handspeak.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "American Sign Language, ASL or Ameslan". Handspeak.com. Archived from the original on 2013-06-05. Retrieved 2012-05-21.
incubator.wikimedia.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "Test wikis of sign languages". incubator.wikimedia.org. Archived from the original on 2015-09-10. Retrieved 2015-11-02.
jhu.edu (Global: 560th place; English: 313th place)
muse.jhu.edu
- Sanjabi, Ali; Behmanesh, Abbas Ali; Guity, Ardavan; Siyavoshi, Sara; Watkins, Martin; Hochgesang, Julie A. (2016). "Zaban Eshareh Irani (ZEI) and Its Fingerspelling System". Sign Language Studies. 16 (4): 500–534. doi:10.1353/sls.2016.0010. ISSN 1533-6263.
jstor.org (Global: 23rd place; English: 15th place)
lifeprint.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Rogelio, Contreras (November 15, 2002). "Regional, Cultural, and Sociolinguistic Variation of ASL in the United States". Archived from the original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved March 19, 2018.
lsa.inc (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Xharra, Arnisa (2024-07-09). "Why Is There a Shortage of Certified American Sign Language Interpreters?". Language Services Associates. Retrieved 2026-04-22.
meta.wikimedia.org (Global: 2,774th place; English: 6,614th place)
- "Request for ASL Wikipedia". meta.wikimedia.org. Archived from the original on 2018-11-21. Retrieved 2015-11-02.
nad.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Education Policy Counsel at National Association of the Deaf. "States that Recognize American Sign Language as a Foreign Language" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- "American Sign Language Community and Culture Frequently Asked Questions". National Association of the Deaf (NAD). Retrieved 2026-04-21.
- "NAD - National Association of the Deaf". Retrieved 2026-04-22.
- "NAD - National Association of the Deaf". Retrieved 2026-04-22.
- "NAD - National Association of the Deaf". Retrieved 2026-04-19.
newsweek.com (Global: 371st place; English: 235th place)
- Sophia Waterfield (April 15, 2019). "Today is #ASLDay, but how is it used In today's society?". Newsweek.
nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Elliott, Eeva A.; Jacobs, Arthur M. (2013). "Facial expressions, emotions, and sign languages". Frontiers in Psychology. 4: 115. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00115. ISSN 1664-1078. PMC 3593340. PMID 23482994.
- See:
- Ruben, Robert J. (2005). "Sign language: Its history and contribution to the understanding of the biological nature of language". Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 125 (5): 464–7. doi:10.1080/00016480510026287. PMID 16092534. S2CID 1704351.
- Newman, Aaron J.; Bavelier, Daphne; Corina, David; Jezzard, Peter; Neville, Helen J. (2002). "A critical period for right hemisphere recruitment in American Sign Language processing". Nature Neuroscience. 5 (1): 76–80. doi:10.1038/nn775. PMID 11753419. S2CID 2745545.
- Thompson, Robin L.; Vinson, David P.; Vigliocco, Gabriella (March 2009). "The Link Between Form and Meaning in American Sign Language: Lexical Processing Effects". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. 35 (2): 550–557. doi:10.1037/a0014547. ISSN 0278-7393. PMC 3667647. PMID 19271866.
- Petitto, Laura A. (1987). "On the autonomy of language and gesture: Evidence from the acquisition of personal pronouns in American sign language". Cognition. 27 (1): 1–52. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(87)90034-5. PMID 3691016. S2CID 31570908.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Elliott, Eeva A.; Jacobs, Arthur M. (2013). "Facial expressions, emotions, and sign languages". Frontiers in Psychology. 4: 115. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00115. ISSN 1664-1078. PMC 3593340. PMID 23482994.
- Thompson, Robin L.; Vinson, David P.; Vigliocco, Gabriella (March 2009). "The Link Between Form and Meaning in American Sign Language: Lexical Processing Effects". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. 35 (2): 550–557. doi:10.1037/a0014547. ISSN 0278-7393. PMC 3667647. PMID 19271866.
nidcd.nih.gov
- "American Sign Language". NIDCD. 2015-08-18. Archived from the original on 2016-11-15. Retrieved 2021-03-08.
nytimes.com (Global: 7th place; English: 7th place)
- Morris, Amanda (2022-07-26). "How Sign Language Evolves as Our World Does". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2022-07-27. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
ontla.on.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Province of Ontario (2007). "Bill 213: An Act to recognize sign language as an official language in Ontario". Archived from the original on 2018-12-24. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
researchgate.net (Global: 96th place; English: 89th place)
- Hoffmeister, Robert; Moores, Donald. "Codeswitching in Deaf Adults". American Annuals of the Deaf – via Project Muse.
saveourdeafschools.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Stokoe, William C. 1960. Sign Language Structure: An Outline of the Visual Communication Systems of the American Deaf Archived 2013-12-02 at the Wayback Machine, Studies in linguistics: Occasional papers (No. 8). Buffalo: Dept. of Anthropology and Linguistics, University of Buffalo.
semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)
api.semanticscholar.org
- See:
- Ruben, Robert J. (2005). "Sign language: Its history and contribution to the understanding of the biological nature of language". Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 125 (5): 464–7. doi:10.1080/00016480510026287. PMID 16092534. S2CID 1704351.
- Blau, Shane (2017). "Indexing Gay Identities in American Sign Language". Sign Language Studies. 18 (1): 5–40. doi:10.1353/sls.2017.0019. JSTOR 26478210. S2CID 149249585.
- Newman, Aaron J.; Bavelier, Daphne; Corina, David; Jezzard, Peter; Neville, Helen J. (2002). "A critical period for right hemisphere recruitment in American Sign Language processing". Nature Neuroscience. 5 (1): 76–80. doi:10.1038/nn775. PMID 11753419. S2CID 2745545.
- Bishop & Hicks (2005) Bishop, Michele; Hicks, Sherry (2005). "Orange Eyes: Bimodal Bilingualism in Hearing Adults from Deaf Families". Sign Language Studies. 5 (2): 188–230. doi:10.1353/sls.2005.0001. S2CID 143557815.
- Lillo-Martin, Diane (November 1986). "Two Kinds of Null Arguments in American Sign Language". Natural Language and Linguistic Theory. 4 (4): 415. doi:10.1007/bf00134469. S2CID 170784826.
- Petitto, Laura A. (1987). "On the autonomy of language and gesture: Evidence from the acquisition of personal pronouns in American sign language". Cognition. 27 (1): 1–52. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(87)90034-5. PMID 3691016. S2CID 31570908.
signwriting.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Hurlbut (2003, 7. Conclusion) Hurlbut, Hope (2003), "A Preliminary Survey of the Signed Languages of Malaysia", in Baker, Anne; van den Bogaerde, Beppie; Crasborn, Onno (eds.), Cross-linguistic perspectives in sign language research: selected papers from TISLR (PDF), Hamburg: Signum Verlag, pp. 31–46, archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09, retrieved December 3, 2012
- Roberto Costa; Madson Barreto. "SignWriting Symposium Presentation 32". signwriting.org. Archived from the original on 2022-02-07. Retrieved 2014-07-25.
towson.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Supalla & Cripps (2011, ASL Gloss as an Intermediary Writing System) Supalla, Samuel; Cripps, Jody (2011). "Toward Universal Design in Reading Instruction" (PDF). Bilingual Basics. 12 (2). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-09-10. Retrieved January 5, 2012.
ucsd.edu (Global: 2,146th place; English: 1,364th place)
communication.ucsd.edu
- In particular, Martha's Vineyard Sign Language, Henniker Sign Language, and Sandy River Valley Sign Language were brought to the school by students. They, in turn, appear to have been influenced by early British Sign Language and did not involve input from indigenous Native American sign systems. See Padden (2010:11), Lane, Pillard & French (2000:17), and Johnson & Schembri (2007:68). Padden, Carol (2010), "Sign Language Geography", in Mathur, Gaurav; Napoli, Donna (eds.), Deaf Around the World (PDF), New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 19–37, ISBN 978-0-19-973253-1, archived from the original (PDF) on June 3, 2011, retrieved November 25, 2012 Lane, Harlan; Pillard, Richard; French, Mary (2000). "Origins of the American Deaf-World". Sign Language Studies. 1 (1): 17–44. doi:10.1353/sls.2000.0003. Johnson, Trevor; Schembri, Adam (2007). Australian Sign Language (Auslan): An introduction to sign language linguistics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54056-8. Archived from the original on March 19, 2023. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
- Padden (2010) Padden, Carol (2010), "Sign Language Geography", in Mathur, Gaurav; Napoli, Donna (eds.), Deaf Around the World (PDF), New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 19–37, ISBN 978-0-19-973253-1, archived from the original (PDF) on June 3, 2011, retrieved November 25, 2012
unm.edu (Global: 1,919th place; English: 1,213th place)
- "ASL as a Foreign Language Fact Sheet". www.unm.edu. Archived from the original on 2018-09-27. Retrieved 2015-11-04.
- Wilcox Phd, Sherman (May 2016). "Universities That Accept ASL In Fulfillment Of Foreign Language Requirements". Archived from the original on October 24, 2018. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
usher-syndrome.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "What is Usher syndrome?". www.usher-syndrome.org. Retrieved 2026-04-22.
usnews.com (Global: 720th place; English: 417th place)
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web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)
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