American bison (English Wikipedia)

"FAQ". National Bison Association. Retrieved March 18, 2022.
"| National Bison Association". Bisoncentral.com. Archived from the original on January 20, 2011. Retrieved February 19, 2011.

books.google.com

Garrick, Dorian; Ruvinsky, Anatoly (November 28, 2014). The Genetics of Cattle, 2nd Edition. ISBN 9781780642215.
Vervaecke H, Roden C. (2006). "Going with the herd: same-sex interaction and competition in American bison". In: Sommer V, Vasey PL, (editors). Homosexual behaviour in animals. Cambridge University Press. pp. 131–53 ISBN 0-521-86446-1.

brill.com

Rutberg, Allen T. (1986). "Dominance and Its Fitness Consequences in American Bison Cows". Behaviour. 96 (1–2): 62–91. doi:10.1163/156853986X00225. ISSN 0005-7959.

britannica.com

Tikkanen, Amy. "What's the Difference Between Bison and Buffalo?". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on August 2, 2020. Retrieved January 14, 2022.

buffalofieldcampaign.org

Derr, James (October 24, 2006). American Bison: The Ultimate Genetic Survivor (PDF). The Ecological Future of North American Bison. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 25, 2011. Retrieved July 27, 2011.

canada.com

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Edmonton Journal, "Elk Island wood bison big hit in Russia" Archived November 29, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Hanneke Brooymans, August 5, 2010

canada.com

Edmonton Journal, "Bison troubles" Archived November 10, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, CanWest MediaWorks Publications, October 5, 2006

canadianfieldnaturalist.ca

Jung, Thomas S.; Larter, Nicholas C.; Powell, Todd (2018). "Early and late births in high-latitude populations of free-ranging Bison (Bison bison)". Canadian Field-Naturalist. 132 (3): 219–222. doi:10.22621/cfn.v132i3.1983. ISSN 0008-3550.

carleton.edu

apps.carleton.edu

Teresa Scalzo, 2016, Field Guide to the American Bison, The Voice, Summer 2016, Carleton College

cbc.ca

CBC News, "Alberta bison bound for Russia", February 14, 2011
CBC News, "More Alberta bison to roam Russia", September 23, 2013

dbr-yakutia.ru

"Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 21, 2020. Retrieved March 21, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

doi.org

Aune, K.; Jørgensen, D. & Gates, C. (2018) [errata version of 2017 assessment]. "Bison bison". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T2815A123789863. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T2815A45156541.en. Retrieved February 17, 2022. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is "Near Threatened".
Geist V. (1991). "Phantom subspecies: the wood bison, Bison bison "athabascae" Rhoads 1897, is not a valid taxon, but an ecotype". Arctic. 44 (4): 283–300. doi:10.14430/arctic1552.
Bork, A. M.; C. M. Strobeck; F. C. Yeh; R. J. Hudson & R. K. Salmon (1991). "Genetic relationship of wood and plains bison based on restriction fragment length polymorphisms" (PDF). Can J Zool. 69 (1): 43–48. doi:10.1139/z91-007. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 10, 2017. Retrieved December 2, 2009.
Halbert, Natalie D.; Terje Raudsepp; Bhanu P. Chowdhary & James N. Derr (2004). "Conservation Genetic Analysis of the Texas State Bison Herd". Journal of Mammalogy. 85 (5): 924–931. doi:10.1644/BER-029.
Wilson, G. A. & C. Strobeck (1999). "Genetic variation within and relatedness among wood and plains bison populations". Genome. 42 (3): 483–96. doi:10.1139/gen-42-3-483. PMID 10382295.
Boyd, Delaney P. (April 2003). Conservation of North American Bison: Status and Recommendations (PDF). University of Calgary. doi:10.11575/PRISM/22701. ISBN 9780494004128. OCLC 232117310. Archived from the original (MS thesis) on September 28, 2007. Retrieved February 23, 2010.
Smits, David (Autumn 1994). "The Frontier Army and the Destruction of the Buffalo: 1865–1883" (PDF). The Western Historical Quarterly. 25 (3): 312–338. doi:10.2307/971110. JSTOR 971110. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 6, 2020. Retrieved March 30, 2015.
Hubbard, Tasha (2014). "Buffalo Genocide in Nineteenth Century North America: 'Kill, Skin, Sell'". Colonial Genocide in Indigenous North America. Duke University Press. p. 294. doi:10.1215/9780822376149-014. ISBN 978-0-8223-5779-7.
Aune, K., Jørgensen, D. & Gates, C. 2017. Bison bison (errata version published in 2018). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T2815A123789863. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T2815A45156541.en. Downloaded on March 6, 2019.
Boeskorov, Gennady G.; Potapova, Olga R.; Protopopov, Albert V.; Plotnikov, Valery V.; Agenbroad, Larry D.; Kirikov, Konstantin S.; Pavlov, Innokenty S.; Shchelchkova, Marina V.; Belolyubskii, Innocenty N.; Tomshin, Mikhail D.; Kowalczyk, Rafal; Davydov, Sergey P.; Kolesov, Stanislav D.; Tikhonov, Alexey N.; van der Plicht, Johannes (June 25, 2016). "The Yukagir Bison: The exterior morphology of a complete frozen mummy of the extinct steppe bison, Bison priscus from the early Holocene of northern Yakutia, Russia". Quaternary International. 406 (Part B): 94–110. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.11.084.
Berger, J.; Peacock, M. (August 30, 1988). "Variability in Size-Weight Relationships of Bison bison". Journal of Mammalogy. 69 (3): 618–624. doi:10.2307/1381357. ISSN 1545-1542.
Rutberg, A. T. (August 24, 1984). "Birth Synchrony in American Bison (Bison bison): Response to Predation or Season?". Journal of Mammalogy. 65 (3): 418–423. doi:10.2307/1381088. ISSN 1545-1542.
Rutberg, Allen T. (1986). "Dominance and Its Fitness Consequences in American Bison Cows". Behaviour. 96 (1–2): 62–91. doi:10.1163/156853986X00225. ISSN 0005-7959.
Roden, Catherine; Vervaecke, Hilde; Van Elsacker, Linda (July 2005). "Dominance, age and weight in American bison males (Bison bison) during non-rut in semi-natural conditions". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 92 (1–2): 169–177. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2004.10.005.
Grange, Thierry; Brugal, Jean-Philip; Flori, Laurence; Gautier, Mathieu; Uzunidis, Antigone; Geigl, Eva-Maria (September 2018). "The Evolution and Population Diversity of Bison in Pleistocene and Holocene Eurasia: Sex Matters". Diversity. 10 (3): 65. doi:10.3390/d10030065.
Sorbelli, Leonardo; Alba, David M.; Cherin, Marco; Moullé, Pierre-Élie; Brugal, Jean-Philip; Madurell-Malapeira, Joan (June 1, 2021). "A review on Bison schoetensacki and its closest relatives through the early-Middle Pleistocene transition: Insights from the Vallparadís Section (NE Iberian Peninsula) and other European localities". Quaternary Science Reviews. 261: 106933. Bibcode:2021QSRv..26106933S. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106933. ISSN 0277-3791. S2CID 235527116.
Froese, Duane; Stiller, Mathias; Heintzman, Peter D.; Reyes, Alberto V.; Zazula, Grant D.; Soares, André E. R.; Meyer, Matthias; Hall, Elizabeth; Jensen, Britta J. L.; Arnold, Lee J.; MacPhee, Ross D. E. (March 28, 2017). "Fossil and genomic evidence constrains the timing of bison arrival in North America". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (13): 3457–3462. Bibcode:2017PNAS..114.3457F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1620754114. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 5380047. PMID 28289222.
Wilson, M.C.; Hills, L.V.; Shapiro, B. (2008). "Late Pleistocene northward-dispersing Bison antiquus from the Bighill Creek Formation, Gallelli Gravel Pit, Alberta, Canada, and the fate of Bison occidentalis". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 45 (7): 827–59. Bibcode:2008CaJES..45..827W. doi:10.1139/E08-027.
Ovchinnikov, Igor V.; McCann, Blake (July 14, 2023). "Mitogenomes revealed the history of bison colonization of Northern Plains after the Last Glacial Maximum". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 11417. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-37599-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10349043. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
Polziehn, R; Strobeck, C; Sheraton, J; Beech, R (1995). "Bovine mtDNA Discovered in North American Bison Populations". Conservation Biology. 9 (6): 1638–1643 (1642). Bibcode:1995ConBi...9.1638P. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.09061638.x. S2CID 85575841.
Jung, Thomas S.; Stotyn, Shannon A.; Czetwertynski, Sophie M. (2015). "Dietary overlap and potential competition in a dynamic ungulate community in Northwestern Canada". Journal of Wildlife Management. 79 (8): 1277–1285. Bibcode:2015JWMan..79.1277J. doi:10.1002/jwmg.946. ISSN 1937-2817.
Rurik List; Gerardo Ceballos; Charles Curtin; Peter J.P. Gogan; Jesus Pacheco; Joe Truett (November 7, 2007). "Historic Distribution and Challenges to Bison Recovery in the Northern Chihuahuan Desert". Conservation Biology. 21 (6): 1487–1494. Bibcode:2007ConBi..21.1487L. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00810.x. PMID 18173472. S2CID 30828514.
Van Vuren, D. (1983). "Group dynamics and summer home range of bison in southern Utah". Journal of Mammalogy. 64 (2): 329–332. doi:10.2307/1380570. JSTOR 1380570.
Peden, D. G. Van Dyne; R. Rice; R. Hansen (1974). "The trophic ecology of Bison bison L. on shortgrass plains". Journal of Applied Ecology. 11 (2): 489–497. Bibcode:1974JApEc..11..489P. doi:10.2307/2402203. JSTOR 2402203.
Wolff, J. O. (1998). "Breeding strategies, mate choice, and reproductive success in American bison". Okios. 83 (2): 529–544. Bibcode:1998Oikos..83..529W. doi:10.2307/3546680. JSTOR 3546680.
Green W. C. H. R., Aron (1993). "Persistent influences of birth date on dominance, growth and reproductive success in bison". Journal of Zoology. 230 (2): 177–185. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1993.tb02680.x.
Jung, Thomas S.; Larter, Nicholas C.; Powell, Todd (2018). "Early and late births in high-latitude populations of free-ranging Bison (Bison bison)". Canadian Field-Naturalist. 132 (3): 219–222. doi:10.22621/cfn.v132i3.1983. ISSN 0008-3550.
Jung, Thomas S. (October 8, 2020). "Longevity in a hunted population of reintroduced American bison (Bison bison)". Mammal Research. 66: 237–243. doi:10.1007/s13364-020-00540-9. ISSN 2199-241X. S2CID 225126531.
Coppedge, B. R.; Carter, T.S.; Shaw, J.H.; Hamilton, R.G. (1997). "Agonistic behavior associated with orphan bison (Bison bison) claves released into a mixed resident population". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 55 (1–2): 1–10. doi:10.1016/S0168-1591(97)00035-X.
McMillan, Brock R.; Cottam, Michael R.; Kaufman, Donald W. (2000). "Wallowing Behavior of American Bison (Bos Bison) in Tallgrass Prairie: An Examination of Alternate Explanations". American Midland Naturalist. 144 (1): 159–67. doi:10.1674/0003-0031(2000)144[0159:WBOABB]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0003-0031. JSTOR 3083019. S2CID 86223655.
Nickell, Zachary; Varriano, Sofia; Plemmons, Eric; Moran, Matthew D. (2018). "Ecosystem engineering by bison (Bison bison) wallowing increases arthropod community heterogeneity in space and time". Ecosphere. 9 (9): e02436. Bibcode:2018Ecosp...9E2436N. doi:10.1002/ecs2.2436.
Jung, Thomas S. (2011). "Gray wolf (Canis lupus) predation and scavenging of reintroduced American bison (Bison bison) in southwestern Yukon". Northwestern Naturalist. 92 (2): 126–130. doi:10.1898/10-07.1. ISSN 1051-1733. S2CID 86100204.
Carbyn LN; Trottier T (1988). "Descriptions of Wolf Attacks on Bison Calves in Wood Buffalo National Park" (PDF). Arctic. 41 (4): 297–302. doi:10.14430/arctic1736. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 26, 2012. Retrieved August 16, 2008.
Hedrick, P. W. (July 1, 2009). "Conservation Genetics and North American Bison (Bison bison)". Journal of Heredity. 100 (4): 411–420. doi:10.1093/jhered/esp024. ISSN 0022-1503. PMID 19414501.
Halbert, Natalie D.; Grant, William E.; Derr, James N. (January 20, 2005). "Genetic and demographic consequences of importing animals into a small population: a simulation model of the Texas State Bison Herd (USA)". Ecological Modelling. 181 (2): 263–276. Bibcode:2005EcMod.181..263H. doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.02.022. ISSN 0304-3800.

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Boeskorov, Gennady G.; Potapova, Olga R.; Protopopov, Albert V.; Plotnikov, Valery V.; Agenbroad, Larry D.; Kirikov, Konstantin S.; Pavlov, Innokenty S.; Shchelchkova, Marina V.; Belolyubskii, Innocenty N.; Tomshin, Mikhail D.; Kowalczyk, Rafal; Davydov, Sergey P.; Kolesov, Stanislav D.; Tikhonov, Alexey N.; van der Plicht, Johannes (June 25, 2016). "The Yukagir Bison: The exterior morphology of a complete frozen mummy of the extinct steppe bison, Bison priscus from the early Holocene of northern Yakutia, Russia". Quaternary International. 406 (Part B): 94–110. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.11.084.
Roden, Catherine; Vervaecke, Hilde; Van Elsacker, Linda (July 2005). "Dominance, age and weight in American bison males (Bison bison) during non-rut in semi-natural conditions". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 92 (1–2): 169–177. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2004.10.005.

ens-newswire.com

staff (March 3, 2010). "Restoring North America's Wild Bison to Their Home on the Range". Environment News Service. Retrieved February 19, 2011.

etymonline.com

"bison (n.)". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved April 3, 2023.
"buffalo (n.)". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved April 3, 2023.

fieldandstream.com

David Maccar, 2010, Amateur Photographer Captures a Grizzly Bear Chasing a Bison Down a Highway in Yellowstone

flatcreekinn.com

Heath, Jessica (December 30, 2017). "The Bison: from 30 million to 325 (1884) to 500,000 (today)". Flat Creek Inn. Retrieved October 11, 2023.

fws.gov

"American Buffalo (Bison bison) species page". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved February 24, 2013.
This article incorporates public domain material from Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants: 90-Day Finding on a Petition To List the Wild Plains Bison or Each of Four Distinct Population Segments as Threatened. United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

georgewright.org

Kay, Charles E.; Clifford A. White (2001). "Reintroduction of bison into the Rocky Mountain parks of Canada: historical and archaeological evidence" (PDF). Crossing Boundaries in Park Management: Proceedings of the 11th Conference on Research and Resource Management in Parks and on Public Lands. Hancock, Michigan: George Wright Soc. pp. 143–51. Retrieved December 2, 2009.

globalcement.com

"Cemex aids reintroduction of American bison in Northern Mexico". Global Cement. March 4, 2020. Retrieved August 11, 2020.

gutenberg.org

Project Gutenburg E Book – The Extermination of the American Bison
William T. Hornaday, Superintendent of the National Zoological Park (February 10, 2006) [1889]. The Extermination of the American Bison. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved on February 24, 2013.

harvard.edu

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Sorbelli, Leonardo; Alba, David M.; Cherin, Marco; Moullé, Pierre-Élie; Brugal, Jean-Philip; Madurell-Malapeira, Joan (June 1, 2021). "A review on Bison schoetensacki and its closest relatives through the early-Middle Pleistocene transition: Insights from the Vallparadís Section (NE Iberian Peninsula) and other European localities". Quaternary Science Reviews. 261: 106933. Bibcode:2021QSRv..26106933S. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106933. ISSN 0277-3791. S2CID 235527116.
Froese, Duane; Stiller, Mathias; Heintzman, Peter D.; Reyes, Alberto V.; Zazula, Grant D.; Soares, André E. R.; Meyer, Matthias; Hall, Elizabeth; Jensen, Britta J. L.; Arnold, Lee J.; MacPhee, Ross D. E. (March 28, 2017). "Fossil and genomic evidence constrains the timing of bison arrival in North America". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (13): 3457–3462. Bibcode:2017PNAS..114.3457F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1620754114. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 5380047. PMID 28289222.
Wilson, M.C.; Hills, L.V.; Shapiro, B. (2008). "Late Pleistocene northward-dispersing Bison antiquus from the Bighill Creek Formation, Gallelli Gravel Pit, Alberta, Canada, and the fate of Bison occidentalis". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 45 (7): 827–59. Bibcode:2008CaJES..45..827W. doi:10.1139/E08-027.
Polziehn, R; Strobeck, C; Sheraton, J; Beech, R (1995). "Bovine mtDNA Discovered in North American Bison Populations". Conservation Biology. 9 (6): 1638–1643 (1642). Bibcode:1995ConBi...9.1638P. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.09061638.x. S2CID 85575841.
Jung, Thomas S.; Stotyn, Shannon A.; Czetwertynski, Sophie M. (2015). "Dietary overlap and potential competition in a dynamic ungulate community in Northwestern Canada". Journal of Wildlife Management. 79 (8): 1277–1285. Bibcode:2015JWMan..79.1277J. doi:10.1002/jwmg.946. ISSN 1937-2817.
Rurik List; Gerardo Ceballos; Charles Curtin; Peter J.P. Gogan; Jesus Pacheco; Joe Truett (November 7, 2007). "Historic Distribution and Challenges to Bison Recovery in the Northern Chihuahuan Desert". Conservation Biology. 21 (6): 1487–1494. Bibcode:2007ConBi..21.1487L. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00810.x. PMID 18173472. S2CID 30828514.
Peden, D. G. Van Dyne; R. Rice; R. Hansen (1974). "The trophic ecology of Bison bison L. on shortgrass plains". Journal of Applied Ecology. 11 (2): 489–497. Bibcode:1974JApEc..11..489P. doi:10.2307/2402203. JSTOR 2402203.
Wolff, J. O. (1998). "Breeding strategies, mate choice, and reproductive success in American bison". Okios. 83 (2): 529–544. Bibcode:1998Oikos..83..529W. doi:10.2307/3546680. JSTOR 3546680.
Nickell, Zachary; Varriano, Sofia; Plemmons, Eric; Moran, Matthew D. (2018). "Ecosystem engineering by bison (Bison bison) wallowing increases arthropod community heterogeneity in space and time". Ecosphere. 9 (9): e02436. Bibcode:2018Ecosp...9E2436N. doi:10.1002/ecs2.2436.
Halbert, Natalie D.; Grant, William E.; Derr, James N. (January 20, 2005). "Genetic and demographic consequences of importing animals into a small population: a simulation model of the Texas State Bison Herd (USA)". Ecological Modelling. 181 (2): 263–276. Bibcode:2005EcMod.181..263H. doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.02.022. ISSN 0304-3800.

indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com

Jawort, Adrian (May 9, 2011). "Genocide by Other Means: U.S. Army Slaughtered Buffalo in Plains Indian Wars". Indian Country Today. Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved April 3, 2014.

iucnredlist.org

Aune, K.; Jørgensen, D. & Gates, C. (2018) [errata version of 2017 assessment]. "Bison bison". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T2815A123789863. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T2815A45156541.en. Retrieved February 17, 2022. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is "Near Threatened".

jagueydeferniza.com

"Fraccionamiento Campestre". Archived from the original on May 13, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2021.

jstor.org

Smits, David (Autumn 1994). "The Frontier Army and the Destruction of the Buffalo: 1865–1883" (PDF). The Western Historical Quarterly. 25 (3): 312–338. doi:10.2307/971110. JSTOR 971110. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 6, 2020. Retrieved March 30, 2015.
Meagher, M. (1986). "Bison bison" (PDF). Mammalian Species (266): 1–8. JSTOR 3504019. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 29, 2011.
Van Vuren, D. (1983). "Group dynamics and summer home range of bison in southern Utah". Journal of Mammalogy. 64 (2): 329–332. doi:10.2307/1380570. JSTOR 1380570.
Peden, D. G. Van Dyne; R. Rice; R. Hansen (1974). "The trophic ecology of Bison bison L. on shortgrass plains". Journal of Applied Ecology. 11 (2): 489–497. Bibcode:1974JApEc..11..489P. doi:10.2307/2402203. JSTOR 2402203.
Wolff, J. O. (1998). "Breeding strategies, mate choice, and reproductive success in American bison". Okios. 83 (2): 529–544. Bibcode:1998Oikos..83..529W. doi:10.2307/3546680. JSTOR 3546680.
McMillan, Brock R.; Cottam, Michael R.; Kaufman, Donald W. (2000). "Wallowing Behavior of American Bison (Bos Bison) in Tallgrass Prairie: An Examination of Alternate Explanations". American Midland Naturalist. 144 (1): 159–67. doi:10.1674/0003-0031(2000)144[0159:WBOABB]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0003-0031. JSTOR 3083019. S2CID 86223655.

livescience.com

Pare, Sascha (August 9, 2023). "Bison are being introduced to the Russian Arctic to replace extinct woolly mammoths. But why?". livescience.com. Retrieved July 19, 2024.

merriam-webster.com

"bison noun". Merriam Webster. May 12, 2023.

msu.edu

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Smits, David (Autumn 1994). "The Frontier Army and the Destruction of the Buffalo: 1865–1883" (PDF). The Western Historical Quarterly. 25 (3): 312–338. doi:10.2307/971110. JSTOR 971110. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 6, 2020. Retrieved March 30, 2015.

nationalforests.org

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nationalgeographic.com

"American Bison". National Geographic Society. May 10, 2011. Archived from the original on October 9, 2016.

nature.com

Ovchinnikov, Igor V.; McCann, Blake (July 14, 2023). "Mitogenomes revealed the history of bison colonization of Northern Plains after the Last Glacial Maximum". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 11417. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-37599-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10349043. Retrieved November 8, 2024.

natureworldnews.com

Stallard, Brian (September 25, 2014). "Tribe Treaty to Restore Wild Bison up North". Nature World News. Retrieved August 6, 2021.

nhptv.org

"American Bison – Bison bison". NatureWorks. Archived from the original on February 17, 2014. Retrieved February 5, 2014.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Wilson, G. A. & C. Strobeck (1999). "Genetic variation within and relatedness among wood and plains bison populations". Genome. 42 (3): 483–96. doi:10.1139/gen-42-3-483. PMID 10382295.
Froese, Duane; Stiller, Mathias; Heintzman, Peter D.; Reyes, Alberto V.; Zazula, Grant D.; Soares, André E. R.; Meyer, Matthias; Hall, Elizabeth; Jensen, Britta J. L.; Arnold, Lee J.; MacPhee, Ross D. E. (March 28, 2017). "Fossil and genomic evidence constrains the timing of bison arrival in North America". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (13): 3457–3462. Bibcode:2017PNAS..114.3457F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1620754114. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 5380047. PMID 28289222.
Rurik List; Gerardo Ceballos; Charles Curtin; Peter J.P. Gogan; Jesus Pacheco; Joe Truett (November 7, 2007). "Historic Distribution and Challenges to Bison Recovery in the Northern Chihuahuan Desert". Conservation Biology. 21 (6): 1487–1494. Bibcode:2007ConBi..21.1487L. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00810.x. PMID 18173472. S2CID 30828514.
Hedrick, P. W. (July 1, 2009). "Conservation Genetics and North American Bison (Bison bison)". Journal of Heredity. 100 (4): 411–420. doi:10.1093/jhered/esp024. ISSN 0022-1503. PMID 19414501.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Froese, Duane; Stiller, Mathias; Heintzman, Peter D.; Reyes, Alberto V.; Zazula, Grant D.; Soares, André E. R.; Meyer, Matthias; Hall, Elizabeth; Jensen, Britta J. L.; Arnold, Lee J.; MacPhee, Ross D. E. (March 28, 2017). "Fossil and genomic evidence constrains the timing of bison arrival in North America". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (13): 3457–3462. Bibcode:2017PNAS..114.3457F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1620754114. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 5380047. PMID 28289222.
Ovchinnikov, Igor V.; McCann, Blake (July 14, 2023). "Mitogenomes revealed the history of bison colonization of Northern Plains after the Last Glacial Maximum". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 11417. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-37599-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10349043. Retrieved November 8, 2024.

notitia.com

Boyd, Delaney P. (April 2003). Conservation of North American Bison: Status and Recommendations (PDF). University of Calgary. doi:10.11575/PRISM/22701. ISBN 9780494004128. OCLC 232117310. Archived from the original (MS thesis) on September 28, 2007. Retrieved February 23, 2010.

nps.gov

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Park, Mailing Address: PO Box 168 Yellowstone National; Us, WY 82190-0168 Phone: 307-344-7381 Contact. "Yellowstone Bison - Yellowstone National Park (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved April 24, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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