American crow (English Wikipedia)

Lawrence Kilham (1990). The American Crow and the Common Raven. Texas A&M University Press. pp. 62–. ISBN 978-0-89096-466-8.
Campbell, Robert Wayne & Canadian Wildlife Service (1997). "American Crow". The Birds of British Columbia: Passerines : flycatchers through vireos. UBC Press. p. 227. ISBN 978-0-7748-0572-8.

bsc-eoc.org

avibase.bsc-eoc.org

"Corvus brachyrhynchos hesperis (caurinus or occidentalis) (American Crow (caurinus or occidentalis)) – Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2021-10-19.

cbs19news.com

"Crow Symbolism & Meaning (+Totem, Spirit & Omens)". CBS 19 News. Retrieved 26 February 2023.

cornell.edu

birds.cornell.edu

McGowan, Kevin (April 6, 2005). "How do you tell a Fish Crow Corvus ossifragus from an American Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos?". cornell.edu. Retrieved June 2, 2023.
Cornell Lab of Ornithology (2002): Bird Guide – American Crow. Retrieved 2006-October-24.

news.cornell.edu

Roger Segelken: Tree-climbing researcher knows exactly how far the crow flies Archived September 16, 2006, at the Wayback Machine Cornell Chronicle. Retrieved 2006-October-25,

doi.org

BirdLife International (2018). "Corvus brachyrhynchos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22705990A131945410. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22705990A131945410.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
Verbeek, N. A.; Caffrey, Carolee (August 2021). Poole, A. F.; Gill, F. B. (eds.). "American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) version 1.1". Birds of the World. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. doi:10.2173/bow.amecro.01.1. S2CID 241865621.
Jønsson, Knud A.; Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Irestedt, Martin (2012). "Brains, tools, innovation and biogeography in crows and ravens". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (1): 72. Bibcode:2012BMCEE..12...72J. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-72. PMC 3480872. PMID 22642364.
Slager, David L.; Epperly, Kevin L.; Ha, Renee R.; Rohwer, Sievert; Wood, Chris; Hemert, Caroline; Klicka, John (2020). "Cryptic and extensive hybridization between ancient lineages of American crows". Molecular Ecology. 29 (5): 956–969. Bibcode:2020MolEc..29..956S. doi:10.1111/mec.15377. ISSN 0962-1083. PMID 32034818. S2CID 211064373.
Chesser, R Terry; Billerman, Shawn M; Burns, Kevin J; Cicero, Carla; Dunn, Jon L; Kratter, Andrew W; Lovette, Irby J; Mason, Nicholas A; Rasmussen, Pamela C; Remsen, J V; Stotz, Douglas F (2020-07-24). "Sixty-first Supplement to the American Ornithological Society's Check-list of North American Birds". The Auk. 137 (3): ukaa030. doi:10.1093/auk/ukaa030. ISSN 0004-8038.
Caccamise, Donald F.; Reed, Lisa M.; Stouffer, Philip C. (1997). "Roosting Behavior and Group Territoriality in American Crows". The Auk. 114 (4): 628–637. doi:10.2307/4089282. JSTOR 4089282.
Caffrey, Carolee (2000). "Tool Modification and Use by an American Crow". Wilson Bull. 112 (2): 283–284. doi:10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0283:TMAUBA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86124230.
Townsend AK, Taff CC, Jones ML, Getman KH, Wheeler SS, Hinton MG, Logsdon RM (March 2019). "Apparent inbreeding preference despite inbreeding depression in the American crow". Mol Ecol. 28 (5): 1116–1126. Bibcode:2019MolEc..28.1116T. doi:10.1111/mec.14866. PMID 30222228.
LaDeau, Shannon L.; Kilpatrick, A. Marm; Marra, Peter P. (2007). "West Nile virus emergence and large-scale declines of North American bird populations". Nature. 447 (7145): 710–713. Bibcode:2007Natur.447..710L. doi:10.1038/nature05829. PMID 17507930. S2CID 4337661.
Caffrey, Carolee; Smith, Shauna C.R.; Weston, Tiffany J. (2005). "West Nile Virus Devastates an American Crow Population". Condor. 107 (1): 128–132. doi:10.1650/7646. S2CID 85419982.
Caffrey, Carolee (June 2000). "Tool Modification and Use by an American Crow". The Wilson Bulletin. 112 (2): 283–284. doi:10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0283:TMAUBA]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0043-5643. S2CID 86124230.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Jønsson, Knud A.; Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Irestedt, Martin (2012). "Brains, tools, innovation and biogeography in crows and ravens". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (1): 72. Bibcode:2012BMCEE..12...72J. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-72. PMC 3480872. PMID 22642364.
Slager, David L.; Epperly, Kevin L.; Ha, Renee R.; Rohwer, Sievert; Wood, Chris; Hemert, Caroline; Klicka, John (2020). "Cryptic and extensive hybridization between ancient lineages of American crows". Molecular Ecology. 29 (5): 956–969. Bibcode:2020MolEc..29..956S. doi:10.1111/mec.15377. ISSN 0962-1083. PMID 32034818. S2CID 211064373.
Townsend AK, Taff CC, Jones ML, Getman KH, Wheeler SS, Hinton MG, Logsdon RM (March 2019). "Apparent inbreeding preference despite inbreeding depression in the American crow". Mol Ecol. 28 (5): 1116–1126. Bibcode:2019MolEc..28.1116T. doi:10.1111/mec.14866. PMID 30222228.
LaDeau, Shannon L.; Kilpatrick, A. Marm; Marra, Peter P. (2007). "West Nile virus emergence and large-scale declines of North American bird populations". Nature. 447 (7145): 710–713. Bibcode:2007Natur.447..710L. doi:10.1038/nature05829. PMID 17507930. S2CID 4337661.

icwdm.org

Johnson, Ron American Crows Archived 2017-07-16 at the Wayback Machine. Internet Center for Wildlife Damage Management

iucnredlist.org

BirdLife International (2018). "Corvus brachyrhynchos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22705990A131945410. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22705990A131945410.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.

jstor.org

Caccamise, Donald F.; Reed, Lisa M.; Stouffer, Philip C. (1997). "Roosting Behavior and Group Territoriality in American Crows". The Auk. 114 (4): 628–637. doi:10.2307/4089282. JSTOR 4089282.

natureserve.org

explorer.natureserve.org

"Corvus brachyrhynchos". NatureServe Explorer. Retrieved 18 July 2024.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Jønsson, Knud A.; Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Irestedt, Martin (2012). "Brains, tools, innovation and biogeography in crows and ravens". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (1): 72. Bibcode:2012BMCEE..12...72J. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-72. PMC 3480872. PMID 22642364.
Slager, David L.; Epperly, Kevin L.; Ha, Renee R.; Rohwer, Sievert; Wood, Chris; Hemert, Caroline; Klicka, John (2020). "Cryptic and extensive hybridization between ancient lineages of American crows". Molecular Ecology. 29 (5): 956–969. Bibcode:2020MolEc..29..956S. doi:10.1111/mec.15377. ISSN 0962-1083. PMID 32034818. S2CID 211064373.
Townsend AK, Taff CC, Jones ML, Getman KH, Wheeler SS, Hinton MG, Logsdon RM (March 2019). "Apparent inbreeding preference despite inbreeding depression in the American crow". Mol Ecol. 28 (5): 1116–1126. Bibcode:2019MolEc..28.1116T. doi:10.1111/mec.14866. PMID 30222228.
LaDeau, Shannon L.; Kilpatrick, A. Marm; Marra, Peter P. (2007). "West Nile virus emergence and large-scale declines of North American bird populations". Nature. 447 (7145): 710–713. Bibcode:2007Natur.447..710L. doi:10.1038/nature05829. PMID 17507930. S2CID 4337661.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Jønsson, Knud A.; Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Irestedt, Martin (2012). "Brains, tools, innovation and biogeography in crows and ravens". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (1): 72. Bibcode:2012BMCEE..12...72J. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-72. PMC 3480872. PMID 22642364.

nwf.org

Di Dilvestro, Roger. "Something To Crow About". National Wildlife Federation.

romanticismatsu.com

Sullivan, Emily. "The Glorious American Crow - Romanticism at SU". Archived from the original on 2020-09-28. Retrieved 2021-10-23.

science.org

Amanda Heidt. "Like humans, these big-brained birds may owe their smarts to long childhoods".

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Verbeek, N. A.; Caffrey, Carolee (August 2021). Poole, A. F.; Gill, F. B. (eds.). "American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) version 1.1". Birds of the World. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. doi:10.2173/bow.amecro.01.1. S2CID 241865621.
Slager, David L.; Epperly, Kevin L.; Ha, Renee R.; Rohwer, Sievert; Wood, Chris; Hemert, Caroline; Klicka, John (2020). "Cryptic and extensive hybridization between ancient lineages of American crows". Molecular Ecology. 29 (5): 956–969. Bibcode:2020MolEc..29..956S. doi:10.1111/mec.15377. ISSN 0962-1083. PMID 32034818. S2CID 211064373.
Caffrey, Carolee (2000). "Tool Modification and Use by an American Crow". Wilson Bull. 112 (2): 283–284. doi:10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0283:TMAUBA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86124230.
LaDeau, Shannon L.; Kilpatrick, A. Marm; Marra, Peter P. (2007). "West Nile virus emergence and large-scale declines of North American bird populations". Nature. 447 (7145): 710–713. Bibcode:2007Natur.447..710L. doi:10.1038/nature05829. PMID 17507930. S2CID 4337661.
Caffrey, Carolee; Smith, Shauna C.R.; Weston, Tiffany J. (2005). "West Nile Virus Devastates an American Crow Population". Condor. 107 (1): 128–132. doi:10.1650/7646. S2CID 85419982.
Caffrey, Carolee (June 2000). "Tool Modification and Use by an American Crow". The Wilson Bulletin. 112 (2): 283–284. doi:10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0283:TMAUBA]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0043-5643. S2CID 86124230.

state.ct.us

mosquito.state.ct.us

Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (2001): American Crow Fact Sheet Archived November 5, 2006, at the Wayback Machine. Version of 2001. Retrieved 2006-October-25.

thespruce.com

Mayntz, Melissa (April 13, 2021). "Raven or Crow: Learn to Identify Both". The Spruce. Retrieved June 2, 2023.

unm.edu

sora.unm.edu

Henninger, W.F. (1906). "A preliminary list of the birds of Seneca County, Ohio" (PDF). Wilson Bulletin. 18 (2): 47–60.

web.archive.org

Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (2001): American Crow Fact Sheet Archived November 5, 2006, at the Wayback Machine. Version of 2001. Retrieved 2006-October-25.
Roger Segelken: Tree-climbing researcher knows exactly how far the crow flies Archived September 16, 2006, at the Wayback Machine Cornell Chronicle. Retrieved 2006-October-25,
Johnson, Ron American Crows Archived 2017-07-16 at the Wayback Machine. Internet Center for Wildlife Damage Management
Sullivan, Emily. "The Glorious American Crow - Romanticism at SU". Archived from the original on 2020-09-28. Retrieved 2021-10-23.

wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Slager, David L.; Epperly, Kevin L.; Ha, Renee R.; Rohwer, Sievert; Wood, Chris; Hemert, Caroline; Klicka, John (2020). "Cryptic and extensive hybridization between ancient lineages of American crows". Molecular Ecology. 29 (5): 956–969. Bibcode:2020MolEc..29..956S. doi:10.1111/mec.15377. ISSN 0962-1083. PMID 32034818. S2CID 211064373.

worldbirdnames.org

Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2021). "Crows, mudnesters, melampittas, Ifrit, birds-of-paradise". World Bird List Version 11.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 26 October 2021.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Slager, David L.; Epperly, Kevin L.; Ha, Renee R.; Rohwer, Sievert; Wood, Chris; Hemert, Caroline; Klicka, John (2020). "Cryptic and extensive hybridization between ancient lineages of American crows". Molecular Ecology. 29 (5): 956–969. Bibcode:2020MolEc..29..956S. doi:10.1111/mec.15377. ISSN 0962-1083. PMID 32034818. S2CID 211064373.
Chesser, R Terry; Billerman, Shawn M; Burns, Kevin J; Cicero, Carla; Dunn, Jon L; Kratter, Andrew W; Lovette, Irby J; Mason, Nicholas A; Rasmussen, Pamela C; Remsen, J V; Stotz, Douglas F (2020-07-24). "Sixty-first Supplement to the American Ornithological Society's Check-list of North American Birds". The Auk. 137 (3): ukaa030. doi:10.1093/auk/ukaa030. ISSN 0004-8038.
Caffrey, Carolee (June 2000). "Tool Modification and Use by an American Crow". The Wilson Bulletin. 112 (2): 283–284. doi:10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0283:TMAUBA]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0043-5643. S2CID 86124230.