Analog computer (English Wikipedia)

Clymer, Arthur Ben (1993). "The Mechanical Analog Computers of Hannibal Ford and William Newell" (PDF). IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 15 (2): 19–34. Bibcode:1993IAHC...15b..19C. doi:10.1109/85.207741. S2CID 6500043. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
Tomayko, James E. (1985). "Helmut Hoelzer's Fully Electronic Analog Computer". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 7 (3): 227–240. Bibcode:1985IAHC....7c.227T. doi:10.1109/MAHC.1985.10025.
Tomayko, James E. (1 July 1985). "Helmut Hoelzer". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 7 (3): 227–240. Bibcode:1985IAHC....7c.227T. doi:10.1109/MAHC.1985.10025. S2CID 15986944.
Benjamin Cramer; Sebastian Billaudelle; Simeon Kanya; Aron Leibfried; Andreas Grübl; Vitali Karasenko; Christian Pehle; Korbinian Schreiber; Yannik Stradmann; Johannes Weis; Johannes Schemmel; View ORCID ProfileFriedemann Zenke (25 January 2022). "Surrogate gradients for analog neuromorphic computing". PNAS. 119 (4) e2109194119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11909194C. doi:10.1073/pnas.2109194119. PMC 8794842. PMID 35042792.

antikythera-mechanism.gr (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project". 28 April 2008. Archived from the original on 28 April 2008. Retrieved 1 July 2007.

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Svoboda, Antonín (1948). Computing Mechanisms and Linkages. Dover Publications. pp. 110–115.

arstechnica.com (Global: 473^rd place; English: 338^th place)

Gallagher, Sean (17 March 2014). "Gears of war: When mechanical analog computers ruled the waves". ARS Technica. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2017.

atlasobscura.com (Global: 2,066^th place; English: 1,258^th place)

Oliveira, A J. "An Amazing Perpetual Calendar, Hidden in an Italian Chapel". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 7 September 2020.

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Johnston, Sean F. (2006). Holographic Visions: A History of New Science. OUP Oxford. p. 90. ISBN 978-0191513886.
Leonardo Torres. Memoria sobre las máquinas algébricas: con un informe de la Real academia de ciencias exactas, fisicas y naturales, Misericordia, 1895.
Neufeld, Michael J. (2013). The Rocket and the Reich: Peenemunde and the Coming of the Ballistic Missile Era. Smithsonian Institution. p. 138. ISBN 9781588344663.
Ulmann, Bernd (22 July 2013). Analog Computing. Walter de Gruyter. p. 38. ISBN 9783486755183.
Karplus, Walter J. (1958). "Analog simulation: solution of field problems". McGraw-Hill – via Google Books.

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me100.caltech.edu

"History – Accounts". me100.caltech.edu.

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"Analog Computers". Comdyna. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 6 October 2008.

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computerhistory.org

"Heathkit EC - 1 Educational Analog Computer". Computer History Museum. Archived from the original on 20 May 2010. Retrieved 9 May 2010.

s3data.computerhistory.org

"System Description EAI 8800 Scientific Computing System" (PDF). 1 May 1965. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 17 September 2019.

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"Glenn Cowan". Concordia.ca. Retrieved 5 February 2016.

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Gomez-Jauregui, Valentin; Gutierrez-Garcia, Andres; González-Redondo, Francisco A.; Iglesias, Miguel; Manchado, Cristina; Otero, Cesar (1 June 2022). "Torres Quevedo's mechanical calculator for second-degree equations with complex coefficients". Mechanism and Machine Theory. 172 (8) 104830. IFToMM. doi:10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2022.104830. hdl:10902/24391. S2CID 247503677.
Clymer, Arthur Ben (1993). "The Mechanical Analog Computers of Hannibal Ford and William Newell" (PDF). IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 15 (2): 19–34. Bibcode:1993IAHC...15b..19C. doi:10.1109/85.207741. S2CID 6500043. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
Tomayko, James E. (1985). "Helmut Hoelzer's Fully Electronic Analog Computer". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 7 (3): 227–240. Bibcode:1985IAHC....7c.227T. doi:10.1109/MAHC.1985.10025.
Tomayko, James E. (1 July 1985). "Helmut Hoelzer". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 7 (3): 227–240. Bibcode:1985IAHC....7c.227T. doi:10.1109/MAHC.1985.10025. S2CID 15986944.
Bissell, C. (1 February 2007). "Historical perspectives – The Moniac A Hydromechanical Analog Computer of the 1950s" (PDF). IEEE Control Systems Magazine. 27 (1): 69–74. doi:10.1109/MCS.2007.284511. ISSN 1066-033X. S2CID 37510407. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Havranek, Bill (1 August 1966). "The role of a hybrid computer in supersonic transport simulation". Simulation. 7 (2): 91–99. doi:10.1177/003754976600700213. S2CID 208871610.
Cowan, G.E.R.; Melville, R.C.; Tsividis, Y. (1 February 2005). "A VLSI analog computer/Math co-processor for a digital computer". ISSCC. 2005 IEEE International Digest of Technical Papers. Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2005. Vol. 1. pp. 82–586. doi:10.1109/ISSCC.2005.1493879. ISBN 978-0-7803-8904-5. S2CID 38664036.
Guo, Ning; Huang, Yipeng; Mai, Tao; Patil, S.; Cao, Chi; Seok, Mingoo; Sethumadhavan, S.; Tsividis, Y. (1 September 2015). "Continuous-time hybrid computation with programmable nonlinearities". ESSCIRC Conference 2015 - 41st European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC). pp. 279–282. doi:10.1109/ESSCIRC.2015.7313881. ISBN 978-1-4673-7470-5. S2CID 16523767.
Benjamin Cramer; Sebastian Billaudelle; Simeon Kanya; Aron Leibfried; Andreas Grübl; Vitali Karasenko; Christian Pehle; Korbinian Schreiber; Yannik Stradmann; Johannes Weis; Johannes Schemmel; View ORCID ProfileFriedemann Zenke (25 January 2022). "Surrogate gradients for analog neuromorphic computing". PNAS. 119 (4) e2109194119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11909194C. doi:10.1073/pnas.2109194119. PMC 8794842. PMID 35042792.

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EPE Hybrid Computer - Part 1 (November 2002), Part 2 (December 2002), Everyday Practical Electronics

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Metropolis, N. "The Beginning of the Monte Carlo Method." Los Alamos Science, No. 15, p. 125

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

Bissell, C. (1 February 2007). "Historical perspectives – The Moniac A Hydromechanical Analog Computer of the 1950s" (PDF). IEEE Control Systems Magazine. 27 (1): 69–74. doi:10.1109/MCS.2007.284511. ISSN 1066-033X. S2CID 37510407. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
"System Description EAI 8800 Scientific Computing System" (PDF). 1 May 1965. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 17 September 2019.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Gomez-Jauregui, Valentin; Gutierrez-Garcia, Andres; González-Redondo, Francisco A.; Iglesias, Miguel; Manchado, Cristina; Otero, Cesar (1 June 2022). "Torres Quevedo's mechanical calculator for second-degree equations with complex coefficients". Mechanism and Machine Theory. 172 (8) 104830. IFToMM. doi:10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2022.104830. hdl:10902/24391. S2CID 247503677.

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"Harvard Robotics Laboratory".

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"Kirchhoff-Lukasiewicz Machines".

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"Basic Fire Control Mechanisms". maritime.org.

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Clymer, Arthur Ben (1993). "The Mechanical Analog Computers of Hannibal Ford and William Newell" (PDF). IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 15 (2): 19–34. Bibcode:1993IAHC...15b..19C. doi:10.1109/85.207741. S2CID 6500043. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
Clymer, A. Ben. "The Mechanical Analog Computers of Hannibal Ford and William Newell" (PDF). IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 15 (2): 28.

news.mit.edu

"Analog computing returns". 20 June 2016.

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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Benjamin Cramer; Sebastian Billaudelle; Simeon Kanya; Aron Leibfried; Andreas Grübl; Vitali Karasenko; Christian Pehle; Korbinian Schreiber; Yannik Stradmann; Johannes Weis; Johannes Schemmel; View ORCID ProfileFriedemann Zenke (25 January 2022). "Surrogate gradients for analog neuromorphic computing". PNAS. 119 (4) e2109194119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11909194C. doi:10.1073/pnas.2109194119. PMC 8794842. PMID 35042792.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Benjamin Cramer; Sebastian Billaudelle; Simeon Kanya; Aron Leibfried; Andreas Grübl; Vitali Karasenko; Christian Pehle; Korbinian Schreiber; Yannik Stradmann; Johannes Weis; Johannes Schemmel; View ORCID ProfileFriedemann Zenke (25 January 2022). "Surrogate gradients for analog neuromorphic computing". PNAS. 119 (4) e2109194119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11909194C. doi:10.1073/pnas.2109194119. PMC 8794842. PMID 35042792.

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Bissell, C. (1 February 2007). "Historical perspectives – The Moniac A Hydromechanical Analog Computer of the 1950s" (PDF). IEEE Control Systems Magazine. 27 (1): 69–74. doi:10.1109/MCS.2007.284511. ISSN 1066-033X. S2CID 37510407. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

quickclick.es (Global: low place; English: low place)

Torres, Leonardo (10 October 1895). "Memória sobre las Máquinas Algébricas" (PDF). Revista de Obras Públicas (in Spanish) (28): 217–222.

scientific-computing.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Ray Girvan, "The revealed grace of the mechanism: computing after Babbage" Archived November 3, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Scientific Computing World, May/June 2003

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"Simulation Council newsletter". Archived from the original on 28 May 2013.

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Gomez-Jauregui, Valentin; Gutierrez-Garcia, Andres; González-Redondo, Francisco A.; Iglesias, Miguel; Manchado, Cristina; Otero, Cesar (1 June 2022). "Torres Quevedo's mechanical calculator for second-degree equations with complex coefficients". Mechanism and Machine Theory. 172 (8) 104830. IFToMM. doi:10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2022.104830. hdl:10902/24391. S2CID 247503677.
Clymer, Arthur Ben (1993). "The Mechanical Analog Computers of Hannibal Ford and William Newell" (PDF). IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 15 (2): 19–34. Bibcode:1993IAHC...15b..19C. doi:10.1109/85.207741. S2CID 6500043. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
Tomayko, James E. (1 July 1985). "Helmut Hoelzer". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 7 (3): 227–240. Bibcode:1985IAHC....7c.227T. doi:10.1109/MAHC.1985.10025. S2CID 15986944.
Bissell, C. (1 February 2007). "Historical perspectives – The Moniac A Hydromechanical Analog Computer of the 1950s" (PDF). IEEE Control Systems Magazine. 27 (1): 69–74. doi:10.1109/MCS.2007.284511. ISSN 1066-033X. S2CID 37510407. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Havranek, Bill (1 August 1966). "The role of a hybrid computer in supersonic transport simulation". Simulation. 7 (2): 91–99. doi:10.1177/003754976600700213. S2CID 208871610.
Cowan, G.E.R.; Melville, R.C.; Tsividis, Y. (1 February 2005). "A VLSI analog computer/Math co-processor for a digital computer". ISSCC. 2005 IEEE International Digest of Technical Papers. Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2005. Vol. 1. pp. 82–586. doi:10.1109/ISSCC.2005.1493879. ISBN 978-0-7803-8904-5. S2CID 38664036.
Guo, Ning; Huang, Yipeng; Mai, Tao; Patil, S.; Cao, Chi; Seok, Mingoo; Sethumadhavan, S.; Tsividis, Y. (1 September 2015). "Continuous-time hybrid computation with programmable nonlinearities". ESSCIRC Conference 2015 - 41st European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC). pp. 279–282. doi:10.1109/ESSCIRC.2015.7313881. ISBN 978-1-4673-7470-5. S2CID 16523767.

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"The Analog Thing: Newsletter #1". the-analog-thing.org.

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Gallagher, Sean (17 March 2014). "Gears of war: When mechanical analog computers ruled the waves". ARS Technica. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
"The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project". 28 April 2008. Archived from the original on 28 April 2008. Retrieved 1 July 2007.
Ray Girvan, "The revealed grace of the mechanism: computing after Babbage" Archived November 3, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Scientific Computing World, May/June 2003
"Heathkit EC - 1 Educational Analog Computer". Computer History Museum. Archived from the original on 20 May 2010. Retrieved 9 May 2010.
"Analog Computers". Comdyna. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
"Simulation Council newsletter". Archived from the original on 28 May 2013.

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Bissell, C. (1 February 2007). "Historical perspectives – The Moniac A Hydromechanical Analog Computer of the 1950s" (PDF). IEEE Control Systems Magazine. 27 (1): 69–74. doi:10.1109/MCS.2007.284511. ISSN 1066-033X. S2CID 37510407. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

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Practical Electronics, January 1968

Analog computer (English Wikipedia)

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