Holt-Wilson, T.D., 2012, Geodiversity Suffolk an Introductory Excursion, in Dixon, R.G.D. (ed): A Celebration of Suffolk Geology, GeoSuffolk 10th Anniversary Volume (GeoSuffolk, Ipswich). Online at www.academia.edu.
Hijma, M.P. and others, 2012 ("Hijma and others 2012"), Pleistocene Rhine–Thames landscapes: geological background for hominin occupation of the southern North Sea region, Journal of Quaternary Science 27, pages 17-39. Online at www.academia.edu. See Figure 14 in particular.
Gibbard, P.L. and Cohen, K.M. 2015 ("Gibbard and Cohen 2015"), Quaternary evolution of the North Sea and the English Channel, Proceedings of the Open University Geological Society, Vol. 1, pages 63-74. Online at www.academia.edu. See in particular Figure 13.
Ellison, R.A., 2004, Geology of London, British Geological Survey, Figure 29, page 54. Online at pubs.bgs.ac.uk.
cam.ac.uk
qpg.geog.cam.ac.uk
Gibbard, P.L. & Lewin, J., 2003 ("Gibbard & Lewin 2003"), The history of the major rivers of southern Britain during the Tertiary, Journal of the Geological Society, 160, pages 829-845. Tectonic map and Palaeocene sections. Online at www.qpg.geog.cam.ac.uk.
Gibbard, P., North West European Rivers - 4. Late Cromerian Complex Stage, Quaternary Palaeoenvironments Group. Online at www.qpg.geog.cam.ac.uk.
Gibbard, P., North West European Rivers - 5. Elsterian/Anglian Stage, Quaternary Palaeoenvironments Group. Online at www.qpg.geog.cam.ac.uk.
Gibbard, P., 2019, The Quaternary Evolution of the North Sea, University of Cambridge. Online at www.spri.cam.ac.uk.
doi.org
Bridgland, David R. (January 1999). "'Wealden rivers' north of the Thames: a provenance study based on gravel clast analysis". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 110 (2): 133–148. Bibcode:1999PrGA..110..133B. doi:10.1016/S0016-7878(99)80065-0.
García-Moreno, David; Gupta, Sanjeev; Collier, Jenny S.; Oggioni, Francesca; Vanneste, Kris; Trentesaux, Alain; Verbeeck, Koen; Versteeg, Wim; Jomard, Hervé; Camelbeeck, Thierry; De Batist, Marc (January 2019). "Middle–Late Pleistocene landscape evolution of the Dover Strait inferred from buried and submerged erosional landforms". Quaternary Science Reviews. 203: 209–232. Bibcode:2019QSRv..203..209G. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.11.011.
Worsley, Peter (August 2016). "A reconsideration of the origin of the early Pleistocene 'Pebble Gravel Formation' at Nettlebed, Oxfordshire, south central England". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 127 (4): 445–450. Bibcode:2016PrGA..127..445W. doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2016.05.004.
The "staircase" of river terraces which the Thames has thus left at various altitudes - with the oldest at the highest altitudes and the youngest at the lowest altitudes - is illustrated (for the middle Thames valley) in Figure 4 of Bridgland, D.R. and Westaway, R., 2007, Climatically controlled river terrace staircases : a worldwide quaternary phenomenon, Geomorphology, 98 (3-4), pages 285-31. Online at dro.dur.ac.uk.
erudit.org
Bridgland D.R. and Gibbard P.L, 1997 ("Bridgland & Gibbard 1997"), Quaternary River Diversions in the London Basin and the Eastern English Channel, Géographie physique et Quaternaire, vol. 51, n° 3, 1997, p. 337-346. Online at www.erudit.org.
It has been suggested that the Thames may have lost its north Wales headwaters before the Anglian glaciation (see: Rose & others 1999). This may have been effected by a pre-Anglian glaciation (see: Whiteman, C.A., and Rose, J., 1997, Early-Middle Pleistocene Beheading of the River Thames, Géographie physique et Quaternaire, vol. 51, n° 3, pages 327-336; online at www.erudit.org) or, according to another hypothesis, through river capture by a supposed pre-Anglian "Bytham River", flowing SW-NE across the East Midlands then eastwards across East Anglia (see: Shreve 2011). However, that river capture hypothesis does not appear to be widely supported now, and in fact the existence of such a pre-Anglian Bytham River has since been called into question (see: Gibbard P.L., Turner C., West R.G., 2013, The Bytham river reconsidered, Quaternary International 292, pages 15-32).
geologistsassociation.org.uk
Clements, Diana, The Geology of London (Introduction), Geologists' Association Guide 68, 2011. Online at geologistsassociation.org.uk.
geolsoc.org.uk
Shreve, D., 2011 ("Shreve 2011"), The Thames Through Time, Geological Society, online at www.geolsoc.org.uk.
harvard.edu
ui.adsabs.harvard.edu
Bridgland, David R. (January 1999). "'Wealden rivers' north of the Thames: a provenance study based on gravel clast analysis". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 110 (2): 133–148. Bibcode:1999PrGA..110..133B. doi:10.1016/S0016-7878(99)80065-0.
García-Moreno, David; Gupta, Sanjeev; Collier, Jenny S.; Oggioni, Francesca; Vanneste, Kris; Trentesaux, Alain; Verbeeck, Koen; Versteeg, Wim; Jomard, Hervé; Camelbeeck, Thierry; De Batist, Marc (January 2019). "Middle–Late Pleistocene landscape evolution of the Dover Strait inferred from buried and submerged erosional landforms". Quaternary Science Reviews. 203: 209–232. Bibcode:2019QSRv..203..209G. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.11.011.
Worsley, Peter (August 2016). "A reconsideration of the origin of the early Pleistocene 'Pebble Gravel Formation' at Nettlebed, Oxfordshire, south central England". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 127 (4): 445–450. Bibcode:2016PrGA..127..445W. doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2016.05.004.
England's geology - Essex, Natural England - Our work (archived), at webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. "The Thames gravels contain large boulders of puddingstone and sarsens, which are very hard conglomerates and sandstones. They are believed to be derived from pebble and sand seams in the Reading Beds, which have subsequently become cemented by quartz. They have been put to use by man as ancient way markers at road junctions."
Gupta, S. and others, 2017, Two-stage opening of the Dover Strait and the origin of island Britain, Nature Communications 8. Online at www.nature.com. "The Lobourg Channel is characterized by geomorphic features indicative of erosion by catastrophic flood flows" (page 9).
Gibbard, P.L., Wintle, A.C. and Catt, J.A., 1987, Age and origin of clayey silt 'brickearth' in west London, England, Journal of Quaternary Science, Vol. 2, pp. 3-9. Downloadable from www.researchgate.net.
semanticscholar.org
Gibbard, P.L., 1995, The formation of the Strait of Dover, Geological Society, London, Special Publications Volume 96, pages 15-26. Abstract and sketch maps online at www.semanticscholar.org. See in particular Figure 4.
stratigraphy.org
quaternary.stratigraphy.org
Lee, J.R., Rose J. and others, 2011, The Glacial History of the British Isles during the Early and Middle Pleistocene: Implications for the long-term development of the British Ice Sheet, pages 59-74 in Quaternary Glaciations - Extent and Chronology, a Closer Look. Developments in Quaternary Science, 15, (Amsterdam: Elsevier). On page 63, the Stoke Row terrace is "tentatively assigned" to Marine Isotope Stage 68. See the chart at quaternary.stratigraphy.org
