Anchoring effect (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Anchoring effect" in English language version.

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Welsh, Matthew; Delfabbo, Paul; Burns, Nicholas; Begg, Steve. "Individual differences in anchoring: Numerical ability, education and experience" (PDF). digital.library.adelaide.edu.au. University of Adelaide. Retrieved 12 May 2022.

amanote.com

research.amanote.com

"(PDF) Individual Differences in Anchoring Effect: Evidence". research.amanote.com. Retrieved 2023-04-24.

apa.org

doi.apa.org

Simmons, Joseph P.; LeBoeuf, Robyn A.; Nelson, Leif D. (2010). "The effect of accuracy motivation on anchoring and adjustment: Do people adjust from provided anchors?". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 99 (6): 917–932. doi:10.1037/a0021540. ISSN 1939-1315. PMID 21114351.
Tamir, Diana I.; Mitchell, Jason P. (2013). "Anchoring and adjustment during social inferences". Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 142 (1): 151–162. doi:10.1037/a0028232. ISSN 1939-2222. PMID 22506753.
Klayman, Joshua; Ha, Young-won (April 1987). "Confirmation, disconfirmation, and information in hypothesis testing". Psychological Review. 94 (2): 211–228. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.94.2.211. ISSN 1939-1471.

books.google.com

Jung, Stefanie; Krebs, Peter (2019). The Essentials of Contract Negotiation. Springer. pp. 28–29. ISBN 9783030128661.
Dietmeyer, Brian (2004). Strategic Negotiation: A Breakthrough Four-Step Process for Effective Business Negotiation. Kaplan Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7931-8304-3.

cfo.com

Edward Teach, "Avoiding Decision Traps Archived 2013-06-14 at the Wayback Machine", CFO (1 June 2004). Retrieved 29 May 2007.

cio.com

Fruhlinger, Mary K. Pratt and Josh (2019-10-16). "What is business intelligence? Turning data into business insights". CIO. Retrieved 2021-04-26.

doi.org

Sherif, Muzafer; Taub, Daniel; Hovland, Carl I. (1958). "Assimilation and Contrast Effects of Anchoring Stimuli on Judgments". Journal of Experimental Psychology. 55 (2): 150–155. doi:10.1037/h0048784. PMID 13513928. S2CID 15249569.
Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D. (1974). "Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases" (PDF). Science. 185 (4157): 1124–1131. Bibcode:1974Sci...185.1124T. doi:10.1126/science.185.4157.1124. PMID 17835457. S2CID 143452957.
Chapman, Gretchen B.; Johnson, Eric J. (1999). "Anchoring, Activation, and the Construction of Values". Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 79 (2): 115–153. doi:10.1006/obhd.1999.2841. PMID 10433900.
Fudenberg, Drew; Levine, David K; Maniadis, Zacharias (2012). "On the Robustness of Anchoring Effects in WTP and WTA Experiments" (PDF). American Economic Journal: Microeconomics. 4 (2): 131–145. doi:10.1257/mic.4.2.131. S2CID 18602138.
Ioannidis, Konstantinos; Offerman, Theo; Sloof, Randolph (2020). "On the effect of anchoring on valuations when the anchor is transparently uninformative". Journal of Economic Science Association. 6 (1): 77–94. doi:10.1007/s40881-020-00094-1.
Shuen Shie, Fu (2019). "The Anchoring Effect of Historical Peak to House Price". The Journal of Real Estate Research. 41 (3): 443–472. doi:10.22300/0896-5803.41.3.443. S2CID 211337975.
Itzkowitz, Jennifer; Itzkowitz, Jesse; Schwartz, Andrew (2023). "Start Small and Stay Small: Anchoring in App-Based Investing". The Journal of Behavioral Finance. 25 (4): 464–480. doi:10.1080/15427560.2023.2209233.
Strack, Fritz; Mussweiler, Thomas (1997). "Explaining the enigmatic anchoring effect: Mechanisms of selective accessibility". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 73 (3): 437–446. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.73.3.437. S2CID 1095326.
Wilson, Timothy D.; Houston, Christopher E.; Etling, Kathryn M.; Brekke, Nancy (1996). "A new look at anchoring effects: Basic anchoring and its antecedents". Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 125 (4): 387–402. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.125.4.387. PMID 8945789.
Simmons, Joseph P.; LeBoeuf, Robyn A.; Nelson, Leif D. (2010). "The effect of accuracy motivation on anchoring and adjustment: Do people adjust from provided anchors?". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 99 (6): 917–932. doi:10.1037/a0021540. PMID 21114351.
Adame, Bradley (2016). "Training in the mitigation of anchoring bias: A test of the consider-the-opposite strategy". Learning & Motivation. 53: 36–48. doi:10.1016/j.lmot.2015.11.002.
Mussweiler, Thomas (July 2001). "The durability of anchoring effects". European Journal of Social Psychology. 31 (4): 431–442. doi:10.1002/ejsp.52.
Davies, Martin F. (November 1997). "Belief Persistence after Evidential Discrediting: The Impact of Generated versus Provided Explanations on the Likelihood of Discredited Outcomes". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 33 (6): 561–578. doi:10.1006/jesp.1997.1336.
Mussweiler, Thomas; Neumann, Roland (March 2000). "Sources of Mental Contamination: Comparing the Effects of Self-Generated versus Externally Provided Primes". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 36 (2): 194–206. doi:10.1006/jesp.1999.1415.
Mussweiler, Thomas; Strack, Fritz (1 March 1999). "Hypothesis-Consistent Testing and Semantic Priming in the Anchoring Paradigm: A Selective Accessibility Model". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 35 (2): 136–164. doi:10.1006/jesp.1998.1364.
Furnham, Adrian; Boo, Hua Chu (February 2011). "A literature review of the anchoring effect". The Journal of Socio-Economics. 40 (1): 35–42. doi:10.1016/j.socec.2010.10.008.
Tindale, R. Scott; Winget, Jeremy R. (26 March 2019). "Group Decision-Making". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Psychology. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.013.262. ISBN 9780190236557.
Gigone, Daniel; Hastie, Reid (1993). "The common knowledge effect: Information sharing and group judgment". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 65 (5): 959–974. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.5.959.
Kerr, Norbert L.; MacCoun, Robert J.; Kramer, Geoffrey P. (October 1996). "Bias in judgment: Comparing individuals and groups" (PDF). Psychological Review. 103 (4): 687–719. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.103.4.687.
Kerr, Norbert L.; Tindale, R. Scott (February 2004). "Group Performance and Decision Making". Annual Review of Psychology. 55 (1): 623–655. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142009. PMID 14744229.
Laughlin, Patrick R.; Bonner, Bryan L.; Altermatt, T. William (1998). "Collective versus individual induction with single versus multiple hypotheses". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 75 (6): 1481–1489. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.75.6.1481.
Laughlin, Patrick R.; VanderStoep, Scott W.; Hollingshead, Andrea B. (1991). "Collective versus individual induction: Recognition of truth, rejection of error, and collective information processing". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 61 (1): 50–67. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.1.50.
Sunstein, Cass R. (2004). "Group Judgments: Deliberation, Statistical Means, and Information Markets". SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.578301.
Whyte, Glen (April 1993). "Escalating Commitment in Individual and Group Decision Making: A Prospect Theory Approach". Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 54 (3): 430–455. doi:10.1006/obhd.1993.1018.
De Dreu, Carsten K. W.; Nijstad, Bernard A.; van Knippenberg, Daan (February 2008). "Motivated Information Processing in Group Judgment and Decision Making". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 12 (1): 22–49. doi:10.1177/1088868307304092. PMID 18453471. S2CID 37435044.
Schulz-Hardt, Stefan; Brodbeck, Felix C.; Mojzisch, Andreas; Kerschreiter, Rudolf; Frey, Dieter (2006). "Group decision making in hidden profile situations: Dissent as a facilitator for decision quality". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 91 (6): 1080–1093. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.91.6.1080. PMID 17144766.
Stasser, Garold; Titus, William (June 1985). "Pooling of unshared information in group decision making: Biased information sampling during discussion". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 48 (6): 1467–1478. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.48.6.1467.
Stasser, Garold; Titus, William (1987). "Effects of information load and percentage of shared information on the dissemination of unshared information during group discussion". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 53 (1): 81–93. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.53.1.81.
Whyte, Glen; Sebenius, James K. (January 1997). "The Effect of Multiple Anchors on Anchoring in Individual and Group Judgment". Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 69 (1): 75–85. doi:10.1006/obhd.1996.2674.
Minson, Julia A.; Mueller, Jennifer S. (March 2012). "The Cost of Collaboration: Why Joint Decision Making Exacerbates Rejection of Outside Information". Psychological Science. 23 (3): 219–224. doi:10.1177/0956797611429132. PMID 22344447. S2CID 15978610.
Minson, Julia A.; Mueller, Jennifer S. (July 2013). "Groups Weight Outside Information Less Than Individuals Do, Although They Shouldn't: Response to Schultze, Mojzisch, and Schulz-Hardt (2013)". Psychological Science. 24 (7): 1373–1374. doi:10.1177/0956797613476894. PMID 23640063. S2CID 6062825.
Schultze, Thomas; Mojzisch, Andreas; Schulz-Hardt, Stefan (July 2013). "Groups Weight Outside Information Less Than Individuals Do Because They Should: Response to Minson and Mueller (2012)". Psychological Science. 24 (7): 1371–1372. doi:10.1177/0956797612472206. PMID 23640064. S2CID 41307737.
Sniezek, Janet A (June 1992). "Groups under uncertainty: An examination of confidence in group decision making". Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 52 (1): 124–155. doi:10.1016/0749-5978(92)90048-C.
Hartmann, Stephan; Rafiee Rad, Soroush (2020-10-01). "Anchoring in Deliberations". Erkenntnis. 85 (5): 1041–1069. doi:10.1007/s10670-018-0064-y. ISSN 1572-8420.
Leyva Galano, José Antonio (2024-02-23). Anchoring in deliberations of structured groups (Text.PhDThesis thesis). Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. doi:10.5282/edoc.33309.
Ten Velden, Femke S.; Beersma, Bianca; De Dreu, Carsten K. W. (November 2010). "It Takes One to Tango: The Effects of Dyads' Epistemic Motivation Composition in Negotiation". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 36 (11): 1454–1466. doi:10.1177/0146167210383698. PMID 20841436. S2CID 6252360.
Scholten, Lotte; van Knippenberg, Daan; Nijstad, Bernard A.; De Dreu, Carsten K.W. (July 2007). "Motivated information processing and group decision-making: Effects of process accountability on information processing and decision quality". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 43 (4): 539–552. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2006.05.010.
Nijstad, Bernard A.; Oltmanns, Jan (September 2012). "Motivated information processing and group decision refusal". Group Processes & Intergroup Relations. 15 (5): 637–651. doi:10.1177/1368430212454588. S2CID 147023588.
Ni, Feng; Arnott, David; Gao, Shijia (2019-04-03). "The anchoring effect in business intelligence supported decision-making". Journal of Decision Systems. 28 (2): 67–81. doi:10.1080/12460125.2019.1620573. ISSN 1246-0125. S2CID 182259743.
Furnham, Adrian; Boo, Hua Chu (February 2011). "A literature review of the anchoring effect". The Journal of Socio-Economics. 40 (1): 35–42. doi:10.1016/j.socec.2010.10.008.
Strack, Fritz; Mussweiler, Thomas (1997). "Explaining the enigmatic anchoring effect: Mechanisms of selective accessibility". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 73 (3): 437–446. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.73.3.437. ISSN 0022-3514. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.73.3.437
Tversky, Amos; Kahneman, Daniel (October 1992). "Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty". Journal of Risk and Uncertainty. 5 (4): 297–323. doi:10.1007/BF00122574. ISSN 0895-5646.
Epley, Nicholas; Gilovich, Thomas (2004-04-01). "Are Adjustments Insufficient?". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 30 (4): 447–460. doi:10.1177/0146167203261889. ISSN 0146-1672. PMID 15070474.
Epley, Nicholas (January 2004), Koehler, Derek J.; Harvey, Nigel (eds.), "A Tale of Tuned Decks? Anchoring as Accessibility and Anchoring as Adjustment", Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making (1 ed.), Wiley, pp. 240–257, doi:10.1002/9780470752937.ch12, ISBN 978-1-4051-0746-4, retrieved 2025-03-29
Tversky, Amos; Kahneman, Daniel (October 1992). "Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty". Journal of Risk and Uncertainty. 5 (4): 297–323. doi:10.1007/BF00122574. ISSN 0895-5646.
Epley, Nicholas; Gilovich, Thomas (2006-04-01). "The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic: Why the Adjustments Are Insufficient". Psychological Science. 17 (4): 311–318. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01704.x. ISSN 0956-7976. PMID 16623688.
Simmons, Joseph P.; LeBoeuf, Robyn A.; Nelson, Leif D. (2010). "The effect of accuracy motivation on anchoring and adjustment: Do people adjust from provided anchors?". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 99 (6): 917–932. doi:10.1037/a0021540. ISSN 1939-1315. PMID 21114351.
Tamir, Diana I.; Mitchell, Jason P. (2013). "Anchoring and adjustment during social inferences". Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 142 (1): 151–162. doi:10.1037/a0028232. ISSN 1939-2222. PMID 22506753.
Mussweiler, Thomas; Strack, Fritz (March 1999). "Hypothesis-Consistent Testing and Semantic Priming in the Anchoring Paradigm: A Selective Accessibility Model". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 35 (2): 136–164. doi:10.1006/jesp.1998.1364.
Klayman, Joshua; Ha, Young-won (April 1987). "Confirmation, disconfirmation, and information in hypothesis testing". Psychological Review. 94 (2): 211–228. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.94.2.211. ISSN 1939-1471.
Wegener, Duane T.; Petty, Richard E.; Detweiler-Bedell, Brian T.; Jarvis, W.Blair G. (January 2001). "Implications of Attitude Change Theories for Numerical Anchoring: Anchor Plausibility and the Limits of Anchor Effectiveness". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 37 (1): 62–69. doi:10.1006/jesp.2000.1431.
Wegener, Duane T.; Petty, Richard E.; Detweiler-Bedell, Brian T.; Jarvis, W.Blair G. (January 2001). "Implications of Attitude Change Theories for Numerical Anchoring: Anchor Plausibility and the Limits of Anchor Effectiveness". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 37 (1): 62–69. doi:10.1006/jesp.2000.1431.
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Englich, B.; Mussweiler, Thomas; Strack, Fritz (2006). "Playing Dice With Criminal Sentences: The Influence of Irrelevant Anchors on Experts' Judicial Decision Making". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 32 (2): 188–200. doi:10.1177/0146167205282152. PMID 16382081. S2CID 17079629.
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McElroy, Todd; Dowd, Keith (February 2007). "Susceptibility to anchoring effects: How openness-to-experience influences responses to anchoring cues". Judgment and Decision Making. 2 (1): 48–53. doi:10.1017/s1930297500000279. ISSN 1930-2975.
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Furnham, Adrian; Boo, Hua Chu (2011-02-01). "A literature review of the anchoring effect". The Journal of Socio-Economics. 40 (1): 35–42. doi:10.1016/j.socec.2010.10.008. ISSN 1053-5357.
Bergman, Oscar; Ellingsen, Tore; Johannesson, Magnus; Svensson, Cicek (2010). "Anchoring and cognitive ability". Economics Letters. 107 (1): 66–68. doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2009.12.028.
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Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D. (27 September 1974). "Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases". Science. 185 (4157): 1124–1131. Bibcode:1974Sci...185.1124T. doi:10.1126/science.185.4157.1124. PMID 17835457. S2CID 143452957.
Wegener, Duane T.; Petty, Richard E.; Blankenship, Kevin L.; Detweiler-Bedell, Brian (January 2010). "Elaboration and numerical anchoring: Implications of attitude theories for consumer judgment and decision making". Journal of Consumer Psychology. 20 (1): 5–16. doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2009.12.003. ISSN 1057-7408.
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Tversky, Amos; Kahneman, Daniel (1974-09-27). "Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases". Science. 185 (4157): 1124–1131. Bibcode:1974Sci...185.1124T. doi:10.1126/science.185.4157.1124. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17835457.
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Epley, Nicholas (January 2004), Koehler, Derek J.; Harvey, Nigel (eds.), "A Tale of Tuned Decks? Anchoring as Accessibility and Anchoring as Adjustment", Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making (1 ed.), Wiley, pp. 240–257, doi:10.1002/9780470752937.ch12, ISBN 978-1-4051-0746-4, retrieved 2025-03-29

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Neumann, Nico; Böckenholt, Ulf; Sinha, Ashish (2016). "A meta-analysis of extremeness aversion". Journal of Consumer Psychology. 26 (2): 193–212. doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2015.05.005. ISSN 1532-7663.

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Hartmann, Stephan; Rafiee Rad, Soroush (2020-10-01). "Anchoring in Deliberations". Erkenntnis. 85 (5): 1041–1069. doi:10.1007/s10670-018-0064-y. ISSN 1572-8420.
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Epley, Nicholas; Gilovich, Thomas (2006-04-01). "The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic: Why the Adjustments Are Insufficient". Psychological Science. 17 (4): 311–318. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01704.x. ISSN 0956-7976. PMID 16623688.
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Lewis, Joshua; Gaertig, Celia; Simmons, Joseph P. (2018-12-18). "Extremeness Aversion Is a Cause of Anchoring". Psychological Science. 30 (2): 159–173. doi:10.1177/0956797618799305. ISSN 0956-7976. PMID 30561244.
McElroy, Todd; Dowd, Keith (February 2007). "Susceptibility to anchoring effects: How openness-to-experience influences responses to anchoring cues". Judgment and Decision Making. 2 (1): 48–53. doi:10.1017/s1930297500000279. ISSN 1930-2975.
Eroglu, Cuneyt; Croxton, Keely L. (2010-01-01). "Biases in judgmental adjustments of statistical forecasts: The role of individual differences". International Journal of Forecasting. Special Section: European Election Forecasting. 26 (1): 116–133. doi:10.1016/j.ijforecast.2009.02.005. ISSN 0169-2070.
Furnham, Adrian; Boo, Hua Chu (2011-02-01). "A literature review of the anchoring effect". The Journal of Socio-Economics. 40 (1): 35–42. doi:10.1016/j.socec.2010.10.008. ISSN 1053-5357.
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LeBoeuf, Robyn A.; Shafir, Eldar (2009). "Anchoring on the "here" and "now" in time and distance judgments". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. 35 (1): 81–93. doi:10.1037/a0013665. ISSN 1939-1285. PMID 19210082.
Epley, Nicholas; Gilovich, Thomas (2005). "When effortful thinking influences judgmental anchoring: differential effects of forewarning and incentives on self-generated and externally provided anchors". Journal of Behavioral Decision Making. 18 (3): 199–212. doi:10.1002/bdm.495. ISSN 0894-3257.
Furnham, Adrian; Boo, Hua Chu (2011-02-01). "A literature review of the anchoring effect". The Journal of Socio-Economics. 40 (1): 35–42. doi:10.1016/j.socec.2010.10.008. ISSN 1053-5357.
Tversky, Amos; Kahneman, Daniel (1974-09-27). "Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases". Science. 185 (4157): 1124–1131. Bibcode:1974Sci...185.1124T. doi:10.1126/science.185.4157.1124. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17835457.
Czerwonka, Monika (2017-09-01). "Anchoring and Overconfidence: The Influence of Culture and Cognitive Abilities". International Journal of Management and Economics. 53 (3): 48–66. doi:10.1515/ijme-2017-0018. ISSN 2299-9701.
Choi, Incheol; Koo, Minkyung; Jong An Choi (May 2007). "Individual Differences in Analytic Versus Holistic Thinking". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 33 (5): 691–705. doi:10.1177/0146167206298568. ISSN 0146-1672. PMID 17440200.
Nisbett, Richard E.; Peng, Kaiping; Choi, Incheol; Norenzayan, Ara (2001). "Culture and systems of thought: Holistic versus analytic cognition". Psychological Review. 108 (2): 291–310. doi:10.1037/0033-295x.108.2.291. ISSN 0033-295X. PMID 11381831. doi:10.1037//0033-295x.108.2.291
Furnham, Adrian; Boo, Hua Chu; McClelland, Alastair (2012-01-01). "Individual Differences and the Susceptibility to the Influence of Anchoring Cues". Journal of Individual Differences. 33 (2): 89–93. doi:10.1027/1614-0001/a000076. ISSN 1614-0001.
Furnham, Adrian; Boo, Hua Chu (2011-02-01). "A literature review of the anchoring effect". The Journal of Socio-Economics. 40 (1): 35–42. doi:10.1016/j.socec.2010.10.008. ISSN 1053-5357.
Welsh, Matthew B.; Delfabbro, Paul H.; Burns, Nicholas R.; Begg, Steve H. (2014-01-01). "Individual differences in anchoring: Traits and experience". Learning and Individual Differences. 29: 131–140. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2013.01.002. ISSN 1041-6080.