Ancient Egyptian technology (English Wikipedia)

Die umsegelung Asiens und Europas auf der Vega. Volume 2. By Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld. p148
Petrie, Sir William Matthew Flinders (1883). The Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh, chapter VIII. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 21 March 2023.
Heinrich Karl Brugsch-Bey and Henry Danby Seymour, "A History of Egypt Under the Pharaohs". J. Murray, 1881. Page 422. (cf., [... the symbol of a] 'serpent' is rather a fish, which still serves, in the Coptic language, to designate the electric fish [...])

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Erlikh, Ḥagai; Erlikh, Hạggai; Gershoni, I. (2000). The Nile: Histories, Cultures, Myths. Lynne Rienner Publishers. pp. 80–81. ISBN 978-1-55587-672-2. Retrieved 9 January 2020. The Nile occupied an important position in Egyptian culture; it influenced the development of mathematics, geography, and the calendar; Egyptian geometry advanced due to the practice of land measurement "because the overflow of the Nile caused the boundary of each person's land to disappear."
"Although it was once thought that the idea of writing came to Egypt from Mesopotamia, recent discoveries indicate that writing arose first in Egypt."Allen, James P. (2010). Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs. Cambridge University Press. p. 2. ISBN 9781139486354.
"and examples of writing in Egypt have been found that very well may pre-date the earliest writing from Mesopotamia."Boudreau, Vincent (2004). The First Writing: Script Invention as History and Process. Cambridge University Press. p. 71. ISBN 9780521838610.
The Cambridge History of the British Empire. CUP Archive, 1963. p56
The Geographical system of Herodotus By James Rennel. p348+
Brian Fagan (1 August 2010). The Great Warming: Climate Change and the Rise and Fall of Civilizations. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 167. ISBN 978-1-59691-780-4.
Neugebauer, Otto (1969) [1957]. The Exact Sciences in Antiquity. Vol. 9 (2 ed.). Dover Publications. pp. 1–191. ISBN 978-0-486-22332-2. PMID 14884919. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help), p.86
De Santillana, G.; Von Dechend, H. (1977). Hamlet's Mill. David R. Godine. ISBN 9780879232153.
Paul Jordan (2006). "Esoteric Egypt". In Garrett G. Fagan (ed.). Archaeological Fantasies:How Pseudoarchaeology Misrepresents the Past and Misleads the Public. Routledge. p. 123. ISBN 978-0-415-30593-8.
Paul Jordan (2006). "Esoteric Egypt". In Garrett G. Fagan (ed.). Archaeological Fantasies:How Pseudoarchaeology Misrepresents the Past and Misleads the Public. Routledge. p. 123. ISBN 978-0-415-30593-8.
Paul Jordan (2006). "Esoteric Egypt". In Garrett G. Fagan (ed.). Archaeological Fantasies:How Pseudoarchaeology Misrepresents the Past and Misleads the Public. Routledge. p. 123. ISBN 978-0-415-30593-8.
M. Oats, Joclyn (2021). An Illustrated Guide to Furniture History. Routledge. ISBN 9781000406108.
Bruno Kolbe, Francis ed Legge, Joseph Skellon, tr., "An Introduction to Electricity". Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, 1908. 429 pages. Page 391. (cf., "[...] high poles covered with copper plates and with gilded tops were erected 'to break the stones coming from on high'. J. Dümichen, Baugeschichte des Dendera-Tempels, Strassburg, 1877")

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"Amenemhet III". Britannica Concise. Archived from the original on 2007-05-10. Retrieved 2007-01-10.

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Tallet, Pierre (2012). "Ayn Sukhna and Wadi el-Jarf: Two newly discovered pharaonic harbours on the Suez Gulf" (PDF). British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan. 18: 147–68. ISSN 2049-5021. Retrieved 21 April 2013.

caltech.edu

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"Caltech researchers successfully raised an obelisk with a kite to test theory about ancient pyramids". Archived from the original on 2007-03-28. Retrieved 2007-03-24.

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Doherty, Sarah (2013). The origins and the use of the potters wheel in Ancient Egypt (Thesis). Cardiff University. Retrieved 8 January 2016.

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"What is Civil Engineering: Imhotep". Archived from the original on 2008-01-12.

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Frank J. Snoek (August 2001). "The Mind Matters". Diabetes Spectrum. 14 (3): 116–117. doi:10.2337/diaspect.14.3.116.

doi.org

Odler, Martin; Kmošek, Jiří; Fikrle, Marek; Erban Kochergina, Yulia V. (2021). "Arsenical copper tools of Old Kingdom Giza craftsmen: First data". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 36: 102868. Bibcode:2021JArSR..36j2868O. doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102868.
Dunham, Dows (1943). "Notes on Copper-Bronze in the Middle Kingdom". The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 29 (1): 60–62. doi:10.1177/030751334302900106. ISSN 0307-5133.
Serotta, Anna (2023-12-19). "Reading Tool Marks on Egyptian Stone Sculpture". Rivista del Museo Egizio. 7. doi:10.29353/rime.2023.5098. ISSN 2611-3295.
For instance, the Egyptologist Alan Lloyd wrote "Given the context of Egyptian thought, economic life, and military interests, it is impossible for one to imagine what stimulus could have motivated Necho in such a scheme and if we cannot provide a reason which is sound within Egyptian terms of reference, then we have good reason to doubt the historicity of the entire episode." Lloyd, Alan B. (1977). "Necho and the Red Sea: Some Considerations". Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 63: 149. doi:10.2307/3856314. JSTOR 3856314.
Lloyd, Alan B (1977). "Necho and the Red Sea: Some Considerations". Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 63: 142–155. doi:10.2307/3856314. JSTOR 3856314.
Hajdu SI (March 2011). "A note from history: landmarks in history of cancer, part 1". Cancer. 117 (5): 1097–102. doi:10.1002/cncr.25553. PMID 20960499. S2CID 39667103.
Sullivan, Richard (August 1996). "The Identity and Work of the Ancient Egyptian Surgeon". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 89 (8). SAGE Publications: 467–73. doi:10.1177/014107689608900813. PMC 1295891. PMID 8795503.
Sullivan, Richard (August 1996). "The Identity and Work of the Ancient Egyptian Surgeon". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 89 (8). SAGE Publications: 467–73. doi:10.1177/014107689608900813. PMC 1295891. PMID 8795503.
van Middendorp, Joost J.; Sanchez, Gonzalo M.; Burridge, Alwyn L. (2010). "The Edwin Smith papyrus: a clinical reappraisal of the oldest known document on spinal injuries". European Spine Journal. 19 (11): 1815–1823. doi:10.1007/s00586-010-1523-6. PMC 2989268. PMID 20697750.
van Middendorp, Joost J.; Sanchez, Gonzalo M.; Burridge, Alwyn L. (2010). "The Edwin Smith papyrus: a clinical reappraisal of the oldest known document on spinal injuries". European Spine Journal. 19 (11): 1815–1823. doi:10.1007/s00586-010-1523-6. PMC 2989268. PMID 20697750.
Barr, Justin (July 2014). "Science Direct: Cardio-vascular system in Ancient Egypt". Journal of Vascular Surgery. 60 (1): 260–263. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.056. PMID 24970660.
Barr, Justin (July 2014). "Science Direct: Cardio-vascular system in Ancient Egypt". Journal of Vascular Surgery. 60 (1): 260–263. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.056. PMID 24970660.
Barr, Justin (July 2014). "Science Direct: Cardio-vascular system in Ancient Egypt". Journal of Vascular Surgery. 60 (1): 260–263. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.056. PMID 24970660.
Mamtani R, Malhotra P, Gupta PS, Jain BK (June 1978). "A comparative study of urban and rural tetanus in adults". Int J Epidemiol. 7 (2): 185–8. doi:10.1093/ije/7.2.185. PMID 681065.
Frank J. Snoek (August 2001). "The Mind Matters". Diabetes Spectrum. 14 (3): 116–117. doi:10.2337/diaspect.14.3.116.

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Odler, Martin; Kmošek, Jiří; Fikrle, Marek; Erban Kochergina, Yulia V. (2021). "Arsenical copper tools of Old Kingdom Giza craftsmen: First data". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 36: 102868. Bibcode:2021JArSR..36j2868O. doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102868.

executivepensdirect.com

"THE HISTORY OF PENS". executivepensdirect.com. 16 March 2023.

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"animal dung can have curative properties". Archived from the original on September 18, 2004.

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"Abydos Boat". Archived from the original on 2009-10-21.

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"Kite Obelisk Project". Cal Tech. 2012-07-11. Archived from the original on 2021-12-15. Retrieved 2021-08-16.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Odler, Martin; Kmošek, Jiří; Fikrle, Marek; Erban Kochergina, Yulia V. (2021). "Arsenical copper tools of Old Kingdom Giza craftsmen: First data". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 36: 102868. Bibcode:2021JArSR..36j2868O. doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.102868.
Patricia Blackwell Gary; Richard Talcott (June 2006). "Stargazing in Ancient Egypt". Astronomy. 34 (6): 62–7. Bibcode:2006Ast....34f..62G.

inive.org

"Air-conditioning avoidance" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 23, 2007.

jstor.org

For instance, the Egyptologist Alan Lloyd wrote "Given the context of Egyptian thought, economic life, and military interests, it is impossible for one to imagine what stimulus could have motivated Necho in such a scheme and if we cannot provide a reason which is sound within Egyptian terms of reference, then we have good reason to doubt the historicity of the entire episode." Lloyd, Alan B. (1977). "Necho and the Red Sea: Some Considerations". Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 63: 149. doi:10.2307/3856314. JSTOR 3856314.
Lloyd, Alan B (1977). "Necho and the Red Sea: Some Considerations". Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 63: 142–155. doi:10.2307/3856314. JSTOR 3856314.

loc.gov

lccn.loc.gov

Zimmerman, Leo M.; Veith, Ilza (1993) [First published 1961]. Great Ideas in the History of Surgery. San Francisco: Jeremy Norman Publishing. ISBN 978-0-930405-53-3. LCCN 93013671.

metmuseum.org

Serotta, Anna; Carò, Federico (22 May 2015). "Hidden Secrets of Ancient Egyptian Technology". metmuseum.org. Retrieved 21 March 2023.

museoegizio.it

rivista.museoegizio.it

Serotta, Anna (2023-12-19). "Reading Tool Marks on Egyptian Stone Sculpture". Rivista del Museo Egizio. 7. doi:10.29353/rime.2023.5098. ISSN 2611-3295.

nbcnews.com

Boyle, Alan (15 April 2013). "4,500-year-old harbor structures and papyrus texts unearthed in Egypt". NBC.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Neugebauer, Otto (1969) [1957]. The Exact Sciences in Antiquity. Vol. 9 (2 ed.). Dover Publications. pp. 1–191. ISBN 978-0-486-22332-2. PMID 14884919. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help), p.86
Hajdu SI (March 2011). "A note from history: landmarks in history of cancer, part 1". Cancer. 117 (5): 1097–102. doi:10.1002/cncr.25553. PMID 20960499. S2CID 39667103.
Sullivan, Richard (August 1996). "The Identity and Work of the Ancient Egyptian Surgeon". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 89 (8). SAGE Publications: 467–73. doi:10.1177/014107689608900813. PMC 1295891. PMID 8795503.
Sullivan, Richard (August 1996). "The Identity and Work of the Ancient Egyptian Surgeon". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 89 (8). SAGE Publications: 467–73. doi:10.1177/014107689608900813. PMC 1295891. PMID 8795503.
van Middendorp, Joost J.; Sanchez, Gonzalo M.; Burridge, Alwyn L. (2010). "The Edwin Smith papyrus: a clinical reappraisal of the oldest known document on spinal injuries". European Spine Journal. 19 (11): 1815–1823. doi:10.1007/s00586-010-1523-6. PMC 2989268. PMID 20697750.
van Middendorp, Joost J.; Sanchez, Gonzalo M.; Burridge, Alwyn L. (2010). "The Edwin Smith papyrus: a clinical reappraisal of the oldest known document on spinal injuries". European Spine Journal. 19 (11): 1815–1823. doi:10.1007/s00586-010-1523-6. PMC 2989268. PMID 20697750.
Barr, Justin (July 2014). "Science Direct: Cardio-vascular system in Ancient Egypt". Journal of Vascular Surgery. 60 (1): 260–263. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.056. PMID 24970660.
Barr, Justin (July 2014). "Science Direct: Cardio-vascular system in Ancient Egypt". Journal of Vascular Surgery. 60 (1): 260–263. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.056. PMID 24970660.
Barr, Justin (July 2014). "Science Direct: Cardio-vascular system in Ancient Egypt". Journal of Vascular Surgery. 60 (1): 260–263. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.056. PMID 24970660.
Mamtani R, Malhotra P, Gupta PS, Jain BK (June 1978). "A comparative study of urban and rural tetanus in adults". Int J Epidemiol. 7 (2): 185–8. doi:10.1093/ije/7.2.185. PMID 681065.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Sullivan, Richard (August 1996). "The Identity and Work of the Ancient Egyptian Surgeon". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 89 (8). SAGE Publications: 467–73. doi:10.1177/014107689608900813. PMC 1295891. PMID 8795503.
Sullivan, Richard (August 1996). "The Identity and Work of the Ancient Egyptian Surgeon". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 89 (8). SAGE Publications: 467–73. doi:10.1177/014107689608900813. PMC 1295891. PMID 8795503.
van Middendorp, Joost J.; Sanchez, Gonzalo M.; Burridge, Alwyn L. (2010). "The Edwin Smith papyrus: a clinical reappraisal of the oldest known document on spinal injuries". European Spine Journal. 19 (11): 1815–1823. doi:10.1007/s00586-010-1523-6. PMC 2989268. PMID 20697750.
van Middendorp, Joost J.; Sanchez, Gonzalo M.; Burridge, Alwyn L. (2010). "The Edwin Smith papyrus: a clinical reappraisal of the oldest known document on spinal injuries". European Spine Journal. 19 (11): 1815–1823. doi:10.1007/s00586-010-1523-6. PMC 2989268. PMID 20697750.

obelisks.org

"Heliopolis Obelisk". www.obelisks.org. Retrieved 2024-08-01.

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Gorelick, Leonard; Gwinnett, A. John (1983). "Ancient Egyptian Stone-Drilling - An experimental perspective on a scholarly disagreement". Expedition Magazine. Vol. 25, no. 3. Retrieved 21 March 2023.

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Ship Minimatures at Egyptian museum Archived 2008-07-22 at the Wayback Machine

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"Study on the performance enhancement of lime mortar used in ancient temples and monuments in India". CiteSeerX 10.1.1.843.619.

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journals.sagepub.com

Dunham, Dows (1943). "Notes on Copper-Bronze in the Middle Kingdom". The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 29 (1): 60–62. doi:10.1177/030751334302900106. ISSN 0307-5133.

sciencenews.org

"Glass making may have begun in Egypt, not Mesopotamia Artifacts from Iraq site show less sophisticated technique, color palette". 2016-11-22. Retrieved 2016-11-25.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Hajdu SI (March 2011). "A note from history: landmarks in history of cancer, part 1". Cancer. 117 (5): 1097–102. doi:10.1002/cncr.25553. PMID 20960499. S2CID 39667103.

solarnavigator.net

Ancient Egyptian boat building

strategic-tech.org

Blake L. White, Ancient Egypt Provides an Early Example of How A Society's Worldview Drives Engineering and the Development of Science. Strategic Technology Institute. Page 2.

touregypt.net

Ships and boats in Egypt

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10th Annual Proceedings of the History of Medicine Days Archived April 7, 2008, at the Wayback Machine

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Ancient Egypt Ships

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"No. 1705: A 3000-Year-Old Toe". Uh.edu. 2004-08-01. Retrieved 2013-03-13.

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Susan Hampton. "Glassmaking in Antiquity". The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Archived from the original on 5 April 2007. Retrieved 2007-03-21.

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web.archive.org

"Air-conditioning avoidance" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 23, 2007.
"What is Civil Engineering: Imhotep". Archived from the original on 2008-01-12.
Arce/Nc Archives Archived October 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
"Caltech researchers successfully raised an obelisk with a kite to test theory about ancient pyramids". Archived from the original on 2007-03-28. Retrieved 2007-03-24.
Sakkara and Abydous Ship Graves Archived September 29, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
"Abydos Boat". Archived from the original on 2009-10-21.
Ship Minimatures at Egyptian museum Archived 2008-07-22 at the Wayback Machine
"Amenemhet III". Britannica Concise. Archived from the original on 2007-05-10. Retrieved 2007-01-10.
Susan Hampton. "Glassmaking in Antiquity". The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Archived from the original on 5 April 2007. Retrieved 2007-03-21.
Microsoft Word – Proceedings-2001.doc Archived April 7, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
10th Annual Proceedings of the History of Medicine Days Archived April 7, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
"animal dung can have curative properties". Archived from the original on September 18, 2004.
Hyskos introduced chariots to ancient Egypt Archived June 29, 2010, at the Wayback Machine

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Tallet, Pierre (2012). "Ayn Sukhna and Wadi el-Jarf: Two newly discovered pharaonic harbours on the Suez Gulf" (PDF). British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan. 18: 147–68. ISSN 2049-5021. Retrieved 21 April 2013.
Dunham, Dows (1943). "Notes on Copper-Bronze in the Middle Kingdom". The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 29 (1): 60–62. doi:10.1177/030751334302900106. ISSN 0307-5133.
Serotta, Anna (2023-12-19). "Reading Tool Marks on Egyptian Stone Sculpture". Rivista del Museo Egizio. 7. doi:10.29353/rime.2023.5098. ISSN 2611-3295.

youtube.com

"Kite Obelisk Project". Cal Tech. 2012-07-11. Archived from the original on 2021-12-15. Retrieved 2021-08-16.