References analysis of the Wikipedia article "Antiochus XII Dionysus" in the English version

books.google.com

Hallo 1996, p. 142. Hallo, William W. (1996). Origins. The Ancient Near Eastern Background of Some Modern Western Institutions. Studies in the History and Culture of the Ancient Near East. Vol. 6. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-10328-3. ISSN 0169-9024.

Taylor 2013, p. 163. Taylor, Michael J. (2013). Antiochus the Great. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-848-84463-6.

Downey 2015, p. 68. Downey, Robert Emory Glanville (2015) [1961]. A History of Antioch in Syria from Seleucus to the Arab Conquest. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1-400-87773-7.

Kosmin 2014, p. 24. Kosmin, Paul J. (2014). The Land of the Elephant Kings: Space, Territory, and Ideology in the Seleucid Empire. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-72882-0.

Kosmin 2014, p. 23. Kosmin, Paul J. (2014). The Land of the Elephant Kings: Space, Territory, and Ideology in the Seleucid Empire. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-72882-0.

Kosmin 2014, p. 243. Kosmin, Paul J. (2014). The Land of the Elephant Kings: Space, Territory, and Ideology in the Seleucid Empire. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-72882-0.

Retso 2003, p. 342. Retso, Jan (2003). The Arabs in Antiquity: Their History from the Assyrians to the Umayyads. RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 978-1-136-87282-2.

McGing 2010, p. 247. McGing, Brian C. (2010). Polybius' Histories. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-199-71867-2.

Schürer 1973, p. 124. Schürer, Emil (1973) [1874]. Vermes, Geza; Millar, Fergus; Black, Matthew (eds.). The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C.–A.D. 135). Vol. II (2014 ed.). Bloomsbury T&T Clark. ISBN 978-0-567-29891-1.

Fitzgerald 2004, p. 361, 362. Fitzgerald, John Thomas (2004). "Gadara: Philodemus' Native City". In Fitzgerald, John Thomas; Obbink, Dirk D.; Holland, Glenn Stanfield (eds.). Philodemus and the New Testament World. Supplements to Novum Testamentum. Vol. 111. Brill. ISBN 978-9-004-11460-9. ISSN 0167-9732.

Bar-Kochva 1996, p. 138. Bar-Kochva, Bezalel (1996). Pseudo Hecataeus, "On the Jews": Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora. Hellenistic Culture and Society. Vol. 21. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-26884-5.

Fitzgerald 2004, p. 363. Fitzgerald, John Thomas (2004). "Gadara: Philodemus' Native City". In Fitzgerald, John Thomas; Obbink, Dirk D.; Holland, Glenn Stanfield (eds.). Philodemus and the New Testament World. Supplements to Novum Testamentum. Vol. 111. Brill. ISBN 978-9-004-11460-9. ISSN 0167-9732.

Kasher 1988, p. 95. Kasher, Aryeh (1988). Jews, Idumaeans, and Ancient Arabs: Relations of the Jews in Eretz-Israel with the Nations of the Frontier and the Desert During the Hellenistic and Roman Era (332 BCE–70 CE). Texte und Studien zum Antiken Judentum. Vol. 18. J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck). ISBN 978-3-161-45240-6. ISSN 0721-8753.

Retso 2003, p. 491. Retso, Jan (2003). The Arabs in Antiquity: Their History from the Assyrians to the Umayyads. RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 978-1-136-87282-2.

Sartre 2005, p. 19. Sartre, Maurice (2005). The Middle East Under Rome. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01683-5.

Josephus 1833, p. 422. Josephus, Flavius (1833) [c. 94]. Burder, Samuel (ed.). The Genuine Works of Flavius Josephus, the Jewish Historian. Translated by Whiston, William. Kimber & Sharpless. OCLC 970897884.

Stern 1987, p. 113. Stern, Menaḥem (1987) [1976]. "The Jews in Greek and Latin Literature". In Safrai, Shmuel; Stern, Menaḥem; Flusser, David; van Unnik, Willem Cornelis (eds.). The Jewish People in the First Century, Volume 2. Historical Geography, Political History, Social, Cultural and Religious Life and Institutions. Compendia Rerum Iudaicarum ad Novum Testamentum. Vol. 2. Van Gorcum. ISBN 978-9-023-21436-6. ISSN 1877-4970.

Atkinson 2012, p. 150. Atkinson, Kenneth (2012). Queen Salome: Jerusalem's Warrior Monarch of the First Century B.C.E. McFarland&Company. ISBN 978-0-786-49073-8.

Atkinson 2011, p. 19.

Leeming & Leeming 2003, p. 122. Leeming, Henry; Leeming, Kate, eds. (2003). "Synoptic Comparison". Josephus' Jewish War and Its Slavonic Version: A Synoptic Comparison of the English Translation by H. St. J. Thackeray with the Critical Edition by N.A. Meščerskij of the Slavonic Version in the Vilna Manuscript Translated Into English by H. Leeming and L. Osinkina. Arbeiten Zur Geschichte Des Antiken Judentums Und Des Urchristentums. Vol. 46. Brill. ISBN 978-9-004-11438-8. ISSN 0169-734X.

Scott 2017, p. 76. Scott, Roger (2017) [1989]. "Malalas and his Contemporaries". In Jeffreys, Elizabeth; Croke, Brian; Scott, Roger (eds.). Studies in John Malalas. Byzantina Australiensia. Vol. 6. Brill. ISBN 978-9-004-34462-4.

Malalas 2017, p. xxiv. Malalas, John (2017) [1986]. Jeffreys, Elizabeth; Jeffreys, Michael; Scott, Roger (eds.). The Chronicle of John Malalas. Byzantina Australiensia. Vol. 4. Translated by Jeffreys, Elizabeth; Jeffreys, Michael; Scott, Roger; Croke, Brian; Ferber, Jenny; Franklin, Simon; James, Alan; Kelly, Douglas; Moffatt, Ann; Nixon, Ann; Parker, Brian; Witaboski, Witold. Brill. ISBN 978-0-959-36362-3.

Malalas 2017, p. 109. Malalas, John (2017) [1986]. Jeffreys, Elizabeth; Jeffreys, Michael; Scott, Roger (eds.). The Chronicle of John Malalas. Byzantina Australiensia. Vol. 4. Translated by Jeffreys, Elizabeth; Jeffreys, Michael; Scott, Roger; Croke, Brian; Ferber, Jenny; Franklin, Simon; James, Alan; Kelly, Douglas; Moffatt, Ann; Nixon, Ann; Parker, Brian; Witaboski, Witold. Brill. ISBN 978-0-959-36362-3.

doi.org

Hoover 2007, p. 295. Hoover, Oliver D. (2007). "A Revised Chronology for the Late Seleucids at Antioch (121/0-64 BC)". Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 56 (3). Franz Steiner Verlag: 280–301. doi:10.25162/historia-2007-0021. ISSN 0018-2311. S2CID 159573100.

Kindler 1978, p. 53. Kindler, Arie (1978). "Akko, A City of Many Names". Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 231 (231). The American Schools of Oriental Research: 51–55. doi:10.2307/1356745. ISSN 0003-097X. JSTOR 1356745. S2CID 163682718.

Fantalkin & Tal 2003, p. 109. Fantalkin, Alexander; Tal, Oren (2003). "The 'Yannai Line' ( BJ I, 99–100; AJ XIII, 390–91): Reality or Fiction?". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 135 (2). Routledge: on behalf of the Palestine Exploration Fund: 108–123. doi:10.1179/peq.2003.135.2.108. ISSN 0031-0328. S2CID 162414560.

Bowersock 1971, p. 226. Bowersock, Glen Warren (1971). "A Report on Arabia Provincia". The Journal of Roman Studies. 61. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies: 219–242. doi:10.2307/300018. ISSN 0075-4358. JSTOR 300018. S2CID 163742980.

Fantalkin & Tal 2003, p. 108. Fantalkin, Alexander; Tal, Oren (2003). "The 'Yannai Line' ( BJ I, 99–100; AJ XIII, 390–91): Reality or Fiction?". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 135 (2). Routledge: on behalf of the Palestine Exploration Fund: 108–123. doi:10.1179/peq.2003.135.2.108. ISSN 0031-0328. S2CID 162414560.

Fantalkin & Tal 2003, p. 119. Fantalkin, Alexander; Tal, Oren (2003). "The 'Yannai Line' ( BJ I, 99–100; AJ XIII, 390–91): Reality or Fiction?". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 135 (2). Routledge: on behalf of the Palestine Exploration Fund: 108–123. doi:10.1179/peq.2003.135.2.108. ISSN 0031-0328. S2CID 162414560.

Hoover 2007, p. 294. Hoover, Oliver D. (2007). "A Revised Chronology for the Late Seleucids at Antioch (121/0-64 BC)". Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 56 (3). Franz Steiner Verlag: 280–301. doi:10.25162/historia-2007-0021. ISSN 0018-2311. S2CID 159573100.

Sievers 2005, p. 35. Sievers, Joseph (2005). "What's in a Name? Antiochus in Josephus' Bellum Judaicum". The Journal of Jewish Studies. 56 (1). Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies: 34–47. doi:10.18647/2582/JJS-2005. ISSN 0022-2097.

Downey 1938, p. 114. Downey, Glanville (1938). "Seleucid Chronology in Malalas". American Journal of Archaeology. 42 (1). Archaeological Institute of America: 106–120. doi:10.2307/498832. ISSN 0002-9114. JSTOR 498832. S2CID 191389600.

Whitby 1988, p. 270. Whitby, Michael (1988). "Malalas. The Chronicle of John Malalas. Trans. E. Jeffreys [and others]. (Byzantina Australiensia, 4.) Sydney: Australian Association for Byzantine Studies (with Melbourne University), 1986. pp. xli + 371". The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 108. The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies. doi:10.2307/632717. ISSN 0075-4269. JSTOR 632717. S2CID 162676411.

Downey 1938, p. 112. Downey, Glanville (1938). "Seleucid Chronology in Malalas". American Journal of Archaeology. 42 (1). Archaeological Institute of America: 106–120. doi:10.2307/498832. ISSN 0002-9114. JSTOR 498832. S2CID 191389600.

Downey 1951, p. 161. Downey, Glanville (1951). "The Occupation of Syria by the Romans". Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. 82. The Johns Hopkins University Press: 149–163. doi:10.2307/283427. ISSN 2325-9213. JSTOR 283427.

Hoover 2007, p. 297. Hoover, Oliver D. (2007). "A Revised Chronology for the Late Seleucids at Antioch (121/0-64 BC)". Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 56 (3). Franz Steiner Verlag: 280–301. doi:10.25162/historia-2007-0021. ISSN 0018-2311. S2CID 159573100.

jstor.org

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

wikipedia.org

de.wikipedia.org

A letter from a king named Antiochus, regarding the expulsion of all philosophers from the kingdom, is contained in the Deipnosophistae written by the second-century rhetorician Athenaeus.^[45] The king wanted the philosophers exiled for corrupting young men; the latter were to be hanged and their fathers investigated. There are indications in the document that this Antiochus ruled during the late Seleucid period; historian Edwyn Bevan, considering the general Seleucid patronage of philosophers, noted that those instructions are "incredible". According to Bevan, this attitude can be explained by the deteriorating fortunes of the kingdom during the late Seleucid period; cities in Syria and Cilicia were asserting their independence, and it would be logical for the king to move against philosophers if they showed signs of "republicanism".^[46] Another clue is that the king sent his letter to an official named "Phanias", who seems to have been the highest official in the realm, ordering him to expel the philosophers from the polis and chora (city and its territory).^[47]^[45]
Bevan did not believe that Antiochus wanted the philosophers expelled from the kingdom, but maybe from one city, perhaps Antioch.^[46] But, in the view of historian Jörg-Dieter Gauger [de], the polis and chora designate the whole kingdom since it would have made little sense if they designated one city and its region; the philosophers could have continued their "evil" business in other cities. If one official, Phanias, whom the letter's language indicates that only he had a higher command and was not a mere city commander, can execute the king's instructions in the whole county, then the kingdom's area is not substantial, indicating a period when the Seleucids ruled a contracted Syria.^[47] Bevan suggested Antiochus XIII (r. 82–64 BC), while Gauger suggested either Antiochus XII or Antiochus XIII as the king who ordered the philosophers banished.^[48]^[47]
Franz Altheim considered king Antiochus IV (r. 175–164 BC) to be the king who sent the letter. The document's authenticity is questioned: Ludwig Radermacher considered the letter a Jewish forgery to discredit their enemy Antiochus IV, while Michel Austin, ancient history senior lecturer at the University of St Andrews, did not comment on the historical setting of the letter but doubted its authenticity.^[49]

The most complete surviving copy of Malalas's work, who wrote in the sixth century, is the Baroccianus Graecus manuscript from the eleventh century, which includes many abbreviations and missing words.^[88] Malalas himself used vernacular Greek, making his language sometimes difficult to understand.^[89] Different scholars presented their reading of Malalas's chronicles:

The reading of Glanville Downey have "Antiochus Dionysus the Leper, father of Cleopatra and Antiochis".^[90] Downey noted that Malalas conflated Antiochus XII with his successor Antiochus XIII, who surrendered to the Romans in 64 BC; the Byzantine historian attributed the act of surrender to Antiochus XII. The Greek version of Malalas's work has the name "Antiochus Dionikous" while the older Church Slavonic version has "Antiochus Dionysos".^[91] The German translation by Johannes Thurn^[de] and Mischa Meier^[de] matched Downey's English reading.^[92]

ar.wikipedia.org

The citadel is called "akra" by Josephus; a word that indicates a garrisoned fortified camp located in the outskirts of a city. Josephus also implied that the citadel was close to the hippodrome of Damascus, whose remains are located under the Dahdah cemetery [ar] just outside the ancient city.^[60]

fr.wikipedia.org

It is not known if it was Aretas III who defeated Antiochus XII.^[56] The identity of the Syrian king's Nabataean enemy is much debated.^[74] Albert Kammerer [fr] and Philip C. Hammond used the account of Uranius and asserted that it was Rabbel I.^[54] Jean Starcky argued that the Nabataean monarch was Obodas I,^[75] whom Maurice Sartre preferred and concluded that he probably did not survive long after his battle with Antiochus XII.^[56]

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Hoover 2000, p. 107 Hoover, Oliver D. (2000). "A Dedication to Aphrodite Epekoos for Demetrius I Soter and His Family". Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 131. Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH. ISSN 0084-5388.

Hoover 2000, p. 108 Hoover, Oliver D. (2000). "A Dedication to Aphrodite Epekoos for Demetrius I Soter and His Family". Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 131. Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH. ISSN 0084-5388.

Ross 1968, p. 47. Ross, Alan S. C. (1968). "Aldrediana XX: Notes on the Preterite-Present Verbs". English Philological Studies. 11. W. Heffer & Sons, Ltd for the University of Birmingham. ISSN 0308-0129.

Otto & Bengtson 1938, pp. 103, 104. Otto, Walter Gustav Albrecht; Bengtson, Hermann (1938). Zur Geschichte des Niederganges des Ptolemäerreiches: ein Beitrag zur Regierungszeit des 8. und des 9. Ptolemäers. Abhandlungen (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-Historische Klasse) (in German). Vol. 17. Verlag der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. OCLC 470076298.

Dumitru 2016, p. 260. Dumitru, Adrian (2016). "Kleopatra Selene: A Look at the Moon and Her Bright Side". In Coşkun, Altay; McAuley, Alex (eds.). Seleukid Royal Women: Creation, Representation and Distortion of Hellenistic Queenship in the Seleukid Empire. Historia – Einzelschriften. Vol. 240. Franz Steiner Verlag. ISBN 978-3-515-11295-6. ISSN 0071-7665.

Dumitru 2016, p. 258. Dumitru, Adrian (2016). "Kleopatra Selene: A Look at the Moon and Her Bright Side". In Coşkun, Altay; McAuley, Alex (eds.). Seleukid Royal Women: Creation, Representation and Distortion of Hellenistic Queenship in the Seleukid Empire. Historia – Einzelschriften. Vol. 240. Franz Steiner Verlag. ISBN 978-3-515-11295-6. ISSN 0071-7665.

Dumitru 2016, pp. 260, 263. Dumitru, Adrian (2016). "Kleopatra Selene: A Look at the Moon and Her Bright Side". In Coşkun, Altay; McAuley, Alex (eds.). Seleukid Royal Women: Creation, Representation and Distortion of Hellenistic Queenship in the Seleukid Empire. Historia – Einzelschriften. Vol. 240. Franz Steiner Verlag. ISBN 978-3-515-11295-6. ISSN 0071-7665.

Dąbrowa 2010, p. 177. Dąbrowa, Edward (2010). "Demetrius III in Judea". Electrum. 18. Instytut Historii. Uniwersytet Jagielloński. ISSN 1897-3426.

Houghton 1987, p. 81. Houghton, Arthur (1987). "The Double Portrait Coins of Antiochus XI and Philip I: a Seleucid Mint at Beroea?". Schweizerische Numismatische Rundschau. 66. Schweizerischen Numismatischen Gesellschaft. ISSN 0035-4163.

Hoover, Houghton & Veselý 2008, p. 212. Hoover, Oliver D.; Houghton, Arthur; Veselý, Petr (2008). "The Silver Mint of Damascus under Demetrius III and Antiochus XII (97/6 BC–83/2 BC)". American Journal of Numismatics. second. 20. American Numismatic Society. ISBN 978-0-89722-305-8. ISSN 1053-8356.

Hoover, Houghton & Veselý 2008, p. 213. Hoover, Oliver D.; Houghton, Arthur; Veselý, Petr (2008). "The Silver Mint of Damascus under Demetrius III and Antiochus XII (97/6 BC–83/2 BC)". American Journal of Numismatics. second. 20. American Numismatic Society. ISBN 978-0-89722-305-8. ISSN 1053-8356.

Ehling 2008, p. 247. Ehling, Kay (2008). Untersuchungen Zur Geschichte Der Späten Seleukiden (164–63 v. Chr.) Vom Tode Antiochos IV. Bis Zur Einrichtung Der Provinz Syria Unter Pompeius. Historia – Einzelschriften (in German). Vol. 196. Franz Steiner Verlag. ISBN 978-3-515-09035-3. ISSN 0071-7665.

Wright 2005, pp. 77, 78. Wright, Nicholas L. (2005). "Seleucid Royal Cult, Indigenous Religious Traditions and Radiate Crowns: The Numismatic Evidence". Mediterranean Archaeology. 18. Sydney University Press. ISSN 1030-8482.

Wright 2005, p. 81. Wright, Nicholas L. (2005). "Seleucid Royal Cult, Indigenous Religious Traditions and Radiate Crowns: The Numismatic Evidence". Mediterranean Archaeology. 18. Sydney University Press. ISSN 1030-8482.

Bellinger 1949, p. 77. Bellinger, Alfred R. (1949). "The End of the Seleucids". Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. 38. Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. OCLC 4520682.

Newell 1939, p. 90. Newell, Edward Theodore (1939). Late Seleucid Mints in Ake-Ptolemais and Damascus. Numismatic Notes & Monographs. Vol. 84. American Numismatic Society. OCLC 2461409.

Newell 1939, pp. 90, 91. Newell, Edward Theodore (1939). Late Seleucid Mints in Ake-Ptolemais and Damascus. Numismatic Notes & Monographs. Vol. 84. American Numismatic Society. OCLC 2461409.

Mittmann 2006, pp. 25, 33. Mittmann, Siegfried (2006). "Die Hellenistische Mauerinschrift von Gadara (Umm Qēs) und die Seleukidisch Dynastische Toponymie Palästinas". Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages (in German). 32 (2). Department of Ancient Studies: Stellenbosch University. ISSN 0259-0131.

Mittmann 2006, p. 25. Mittmann, Siegfried (2006). "Die Hellenistische Mauerinschrift von Gadara (Umm Qēs) und die Seleukidisch Dynastische Toponymie Palästinas". Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages (in German). 32 (2). Department of Ancient Studies: Stellenbosch University. ISSN 0259-0131.

Mittmann 2006, p. 33. Mittmann, Siegfried (2006). "Die Hellenistische Mauerinschrift von Gadara (Umm Qēs) und die Seleukidisch Dynastische Toponymie Palästinas". Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages (in German). 32 (2). Department of Ancient Studies: Stellenbosch University. ISSN 0259-0131.

Mittmann 2006, p. 28, 33. Mittmann, Siegfried (2006). "Die Hellenistische Mauerinschrift von Gadara (Umm Qēs) und die Seleukidisch Dynastische Toponymie Palästinas". Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages (in German). 32 (2). Department of Ancient Studies: Stellenbosch University. ISSN 0259-0131.

Wright 2010, pp. 193, 199. Wright, Nicholas L. (2010). "Non-Greek Religious Iconography on the Coinage of Seleucid Syria". Mediterranean Archaeology. 22/23. Sydney University Press. ISSN 1030-8482.

Wright 2010, p. 198. Wright, Nicholas L. (2010). "Non-Greek Religious Iconography on the Coinage of Seleucid Syria". Mediterranean Archaeology. 22/23. Sydney University Press. ISSN 1030-8482.

Ceccarelli 2011, p. 171. Ceccarelli, Paola (2011). "Kings, Philosophers and Drunkards: Athenaeus' Information on the Seleucids". In Erickson, Kyle; Ramsey, Gillian (eds.). Seleucid Dissolution. The Sinking of the Anchor. Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-06588-7. ISSN 1613-5628.

Bevan 1902, p. 277. Bevan, Edwyn Robert (1902). The House of Seleucus. Vol. II. London: Edward Arnold. OCLC 499314408.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)

Gauger 2000, p. 190. Gauger, Jörg-Dieter (2000). Authentizität und Methode: Untersuchungen zum Historischen Wert des Persisch-Griechischen Herrscherbriefs in Literarischer Tradition. Studien zur Geschichtsforschung des Altertums (in German). Vol. 6. Verlag dr Kovač. ISBN 978-3-830-00107-2. ISSN 1435-6600.

Bevan 1902, p. 278. Bevan, Edwyn Robert (1902). The House of Seleucus. Vol. II. London: Edward Arnold. OCLC 499314408.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)

Ceccarelli 2011, p. 172. Ceccarelli, Paola (2011). "Kings, Philosophers and Drunkards: Athenaeus' Information on the Seleucids". In Erickson, Kyle; Ramsey, Gillian (eds.). Seleucid Dissolution. The Sinking of the Anchor. Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-06588-7. ISSN 1613-5628.

Roschinski 1980, p. 143. Roschinski, Hans Peter (1980). "Geschichte der Nabatäer". Bonner Jahrbücher (in German). 180. Rheinland-Verlag Köln. In Kommission bei Rudolf Habelt Verlag GmbH Bonn. In Verbindung mit Verlag Butzon & Bercker Kevelaer Rhld. und Böhlau Verlag Köln-Wien. ISSN 0938-9334.

Shatzman 1991, p. 119. Shatzman, Israel (1991). The Armies of the Hasmoneans and Herod: From Hellenistic to Roman Frameworks. Texte und Studien zum Antiken Judentum. Vol. 25. J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck). ISBN 978-3-161-45617-6. ISSN 0721-8753.

Roschinski 1980, p. 144. Roschinski, Hans Peter (1980). "Geschichte der Nabatäer". Bonner Jahrbücher (in German). 180. Rheinland-Verlag Köln. In Kommission bei Rudolf Habelt Verlag GmbH Bonn. In Verbindung mit Verlag Butzon & Bercker Kevelaer Rhld. und Böhlau Verlag Köln-Wien. ISSN 0938-9334.

Chaniotis et al. 2007, p. 551. Chaniotis, Angelos; Corsten, Thomas; Stroud, Ronald S.; Tybout, Rolf A., eds. (2007). "1907. Petra. Rock-Cut Dedication by a Panegyriarch (?), Late 2nd/3rd Cent. A.D.". Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum. LIII. Brill. ISBN 978-9-004-15630-2. ISSN 0920-8399.

Hoover, Houghton & Veselý 2008, p. 214. Hoover, Oliver D.; Houghton, Arthur; Veselý, Petr (2008). "The Silver Mint of Damascus under Demetrius III and Antiochus XII (97/6 BC–83/2 BC)". American Journal of Numismatics. second. 20. American Numismatic Society. ISBN 978-0-89722-305-8. ISSN 1053-8356.

Dąbrowa 2003, p. 51. Dąbrowa, Edward (2003). "The Roman Near East and Armenia". Electrum: Journal of Ancient History. 7. Instytut Historii. Uniwersytet Jagielloński (Department of Ancient History at the Jagiellonian University). ISBN 978-8-323-31792-0. ISSN 1897-3426.

Lorber & Iossif 2009, p. 112. Lorber, Catharine C.; Iossif, Panagiotis (2009). "Seleucid Campaign Beards". L'Antiquité Classique. 78. l’asbl L’Antiquité Classique. ISSN 0770-2817.

Lorber & Iossif 2009, p. 104. Lorber, Catharine C.; Iossif, Panagiotis (2009). "Seleucid Campaign Beards". L'Antiquité Classique. 78. l’asbl L’Antiquité Classique. ISSN 0770-2817.

Mittmann 2006, p. 31. Mittmann, Siegfried (2006). "Die Hellenistische Mauerinschrift von Gadara (Umm Qēs) und die Seleukidisch Dynastische Toponymie Palästinas". Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages (in German). 32 (2). Department of Ancient Studies: Stellenbosch University. ISSN 0259-0131.

Stern 1981, p. 44. Stern, Menaḥem (1981). "Judea and her Neighbors in the Days of Alexander Jannaeus". The Jerusalem Cathedra: Studies in the History, Archaeology, Geography and Ethnography of the Land of Israel. 1. Wayne State University Press. ISSN 0333-7618.

Mittmann 2006, p. 32. Mittmann, Siegfried (2006). "Die Hellenistische Mauerinschrift von Gadara (Umm Qēs) und die Seleukidisch Dynastische Toponymie Palästinas". Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages (in German). 32 (2). Department of Ancient Studies: Stellenbosch University. ISSN 0259-0131.

Shatzman 1991, p. 124. Shatzman, Israel (1991). The Armies of the Hasmoneans and Herod: From Hellenistic to Roman Frameworks. Texte und Studien zum Antiken Judentum. Vol. 25. J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck). ISBN 978-3-161-45617-6. ISSN 0721-8753.

Shatzman 1991, p. 120. Shatzman, Israel (1991). The Armies of the Hasmoneans and Herod: From Hellenistic to Roman Frameworks. Texte und Studien zum Antiken Judentum. Vol. 25. J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck). ISBN 978-3-161-45617-6. ISSN 0721-8753.

Starcky 1966, p. 906. Starcky, Jean (1966). "Pétra et la Nabatène". Supplément au Dictionnaire de la Bible (in French). 7. Editions-Librairie Letouzey & Ané. OCLC 1010909134.

Hoover 2005, p. 99. Hoover, Oliver D. (2005). "Dethroning Seleucus VII Philometor (Cybiosactes): Epigraphical Arguments Against a Late Seleucid Monarch". Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 151. Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH. ISSN 0084-5388.

Malalas 1940, p. 19. Malalas, John (1940) [c. 565]. Chronicle of John Malalas, Books VIII–XVIII. Translated from the Church Slavonic. Translated by Spinka, Matthew; Downey, Glanville. University of Chicago Press. OCLC 601122856.

Hoover 2011, p. 260. Hoover, Oliver D. (2011). "A Second Look at Production Quantification and Chronology in the Late Seleucid Period". In de Callataÿ, François (ed.). Time is money? Quantifying Monetary Supplies in Greco-Roman Times. Pragmateiai. Vol. 19. Edipuglia. ISBN 978-8-872-28599-2. ISSN 2531-5390.

Burgess 2004, p. 21. Burgess, Michael Roy (2004). "The Moon Is A Harsh Mistress– The Rise and Fall of Cleopatra II Selene, Seleukid Queen of Syria". The Celator. 18 (3). Kerry K. Wetterstrom. ISSN 1048-0986.

Burgess 2004, p. 24. Burgess, Michael Roy (2004). "The Moon Is A Harsh Mistress– The Rise and Fall of Cleopatra II Selene, Seleukid Queen of Syria". The Celator. 18 (3). Kerry K. Wetterstrom. ISSN 1048-0986.

Bellinger 1949, p. 85. Bellinger, Alfred R. (1949). "The End of the Seleucids". Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. 38. Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. OCLC 4520682.

Antiochus XII Dionysus (English Wikipedia)

academia.edu

archive.org