Aperture (English Wikipedia)

Rashidian Vaziri, M R (2015). "Role of the aperture in Z-scan experiments: A parametric study". Chinese Physics B. 24 (11) 114206. Bibcode:2015ChPhB..24k4206R. doi:10.1088/1674-1056/24/11/114206. S2CID 250753283.
Hess EH, Polt JM (August 1960). "Pupil size as related to interest value of visual stimuli". Science. 132 (3423): 349–50. Bibcode:1960Sci...132..349H. doi:10.1126/science.132.3423.349. PMID 14401489. S2CID 12857616.
Kahneman D, Beatty J (December 1966). "Pupil diameter and load on memory". Science. 154 (3756): 1583–5. Bibcode:1966Sci...154.1583K. doi:10.1126/science.154.3756.1583. PMID 5924930. S2CID 22762466.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Shipman, Carl (1977). SLR Photographers Handbook. Tucson, AZ: HP Books. pp. 53. ISBN 0-912656-59-X.

bestbinocularsreviews.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Field Stop: A Behind-the-Scenes Look at Binocular Field of View". Best Binoculars Reviews. Retrieved 19 July 2026.

bhphotovideo.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Todd Vorenkamp. "Depth of Field: The Myths". Retrieved 1 August 2023.

bobatkins.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Diffraction and Optimum Aperture – Format size and diffraction limitations on sharpness". www.bobatkins.com. Retrieved 15 April 2018.

canon.com (Global: low place; English: 7,145^th place)

Canon Camera Museum. Accessed 12 December 2008.

capturetheatlas.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Camera Sensor Size in Photography". 20 November 2020. Retrieved 1 August 2023.

cosina.co.jp (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Micro Four Thirds Mount Lenses". Cosina Voigtlander. 19 September 2021. Archived from the original on 21 May 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2023.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Paschotta, Rüdiger. "Field Stops". RP Photonics Encyclopedia. Retrieved 19 July 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
Rashidian Vaziri, M R (2015). "Role of the aperture in Z-scan experiments: A parametric study". Chinese Physics B. 24 (11) 114206. Bibcode:2015ChPhB..24k4206R. doi:10.1088/1674-1056/24/11/114206. S2CID 250753283.
Rüfer, Florian; Schröder, Anke; Erb, Carl (April 2005). "White-to-white corneal diameter: normal values in healthy humans obtained with the Orbscan II topography system". Cornea. 24 (3): 259–261. doi:10.1097/01.ico.0000148312.01805.53. ISSN 0277-3740. PMID 15778595.
Hess EH, Polt JM (August 1960). "Pupil size as related to interest value of visual stimuli". Science. 132 (3423): 349–50. Bibcode:1960Sci...132..349H. doi:10.1126/science.132.3423.349. PMID 14401489. S2CID 12857616.
Kuwamizu, Ryuta; Yamazaki, Yudai; Aoike, Naoki; Ochi, Genta; Suwabe, Kazuya; Soya, Hideaki (24 September 2022). "Pupil-linked arousal with very light exercise: pattern of pupil dilation during graded exercise". The Journal of Physiological Sciences. 72 (1): 23. doi:10.1186/s12576-022-00849-x. ISSN 1880-6562. PMC 10717467. PMID 36153491.
Kahneman D, Beatty J (December 1966). "Pupil diameter and load on memory". Science. 154 (3756): 1583–5. Bibcode:1966Sci...154.1583K. doi:10.1126/science.154.3756.1583. PMID 5924930. S2CID 22762466.
Eberhardt, Lisa V.; Grön, Georg; Ulrich, Martin; Huckauf, Anke; Strauch, Christoph (1 October 2021). "Direct voluntary control of pupil constriction and dilation: Exploratory evidence from pupillometry, optometry, skin conductance, perception, and functional MRI". International Journal of Psychophysiology. 168: 33–42. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.08.001. ISSN 0167-8760. PMID 34391820.

dpreview.com (Global: 3,371^st place; English: 2,170^th place)

R Butler. "Sony Cyber-shot DSC RX10 First Impressions Review". Retrieved 19 January 2014.

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"Aperture and shutter speed in digital cameras". elite-cameras.com. Archived from the original on 20 June 2006. Retrieved 20 June 2006. (original link no longer works, but page was saved by archive.org)

fstoppers.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Nando Harmsen (8 December 2018). "Understanding How Sensor Size Affects Depth of Field". Retrieved 1 August 2023.

gameinformer.com (Global: 523^rd place; English: 349^th place)

VanBurkleo, Meagan (March 24, 2010). "Aperture Science: A History". Game Informer. Archived from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 24, 2010.

gizmodo.com (Global: 763^rd place; English: 486^th place)

Mahoney, John (10 September 2008). "Leica's $11,000 Noctilux 50mm f/0.95 Lens Is a Nightvision Owl Eye For Your Camera". gizmodo.com. Retrieved 15 April 2018.

lensbaby.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Pinhole and Zone Plate Photography for SLR Cameras". Lensbaby Pinhole optic. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011.

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"Basics of Photography: A Beginner's Guide". 31 August 2021.

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Rüfer, Florian; Schröder, Anke; Erb, Carl (April 2005). "White-to-white corneal diameter: normal values in healthy humans obtained with the Orbscan II topography system". Cornea. 24 (3): 259–261. doi:10.1097/01.ico.0000148312.01805.53. ISSN 0277-3740. PMID 15778595.
Hess EH, Polt JM (August 1960). "Pupil size as related to interest value of visual stimuli". Science. 132 (3423): 349–50. Bibcode:1960Sci...132..349H. doi:10.1126/science.132.3423.349. PMID 14401489. S2CID 12857616.
Kuwamizu, Ryuta; Yamazaki, Yudai; Aoike, Naoki; Ochi, Genta; Suwabe, Kazuya; Soya, Hideaki (24 September 2022). "Pupil-linked arousal with very light exercise: pattern of pupil dilation during graded exercise". The Journal of Physiological Sciences. 72 (1): 23. doi:10.1186/s12576-022-00849-x. ISSN 1880-6562. PMC 10717467. PMID 36153491.
Kahneman D, Beatty J (December 1966). "Pupil diameter and load on memory". Science. 154 (3756): 1583–5. Bibcode:1966Sci...154.1583K. doi:10.1126/science.154.3756.1583. PMID 5924930. S2CID 22762466.
Eberhardt, Lisa V.; Grön, Georg; Ulrich, Martin; Huckauf, Anke; Strauch, Christoph (1 October 2021). "Direct voluntary control of pupil constriction and dilation: Exploratory evidence from pupillometry, optometry, skin conductance, perception, and functional MRI". International Journal of Psychophysiology. 168: 33–42. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.08.001. ISSN 0167-8760. PMID 34391820.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Kuwamizu, Ryuta; Yamazaki, Yudai; Aoike, Naoki; Ochi, Genta; Suwabe, Kazuya; Soya, Hideaki (24 September 2022). "Pupil-linked arousal with very light exercise: pattern of pupil dilation during graded exercise". The Journal of Physiological Sciences. 72 (1): 23. doi:10.1186/s12576-022-00849-x. ISSN 1880-6562. PMC 10717467. PMID 36153491.

nikonusa.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Nikon USA web site Archived 12 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed 12 December 2008.
Nikon PC-E product comparison brochure Archived 17 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed 12 December 2008.

photographylife.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Exposure Stops in Photography – A Beginner's Guide". Photography Life. 16 January 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2019.

photoxels.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"What is... Aperture?". Archived from the original on 10 October 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2010.

rl.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

starlink.rl.ac.uk

Nicholas Eaton, Peter W. Draper & Alasdair Allan, Techniques of aperture photometry Archived 11 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine in PHOTOM – A Photometry Package, 20 August 2002

sciencedirect.com (Global: 137^th place; English: 146^th place)

Eberhardt, Lisa V.; Grön, Georg; Ulrich, Martin; Huckauf, Anke; Strauch, Christoph (1 October 2021). "Direct voluntary control of pupil constriction and dilation: Exploratory evidence from pupillometry, optometry, skin conductance, perception, and functional MRI". International Journal of Psychophysiology. 168: 33–42. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.08.001. ISSN 0167-8760. PMID 34391820.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Rashidian Vaziri, M R (2015). "Role of the aperture in Z-scan experiments: A parametric study". Chinese Physics B. 24 (11) 114206. Bibcode:2015ChPhB..24k4206R. doi:10.1088/1674-1056/24/11/114206. S2CID 250753283.
Hess EH, Polt JM (August 1960). "Pupil size as related to interest value of visual stimuli". Science. 132 (3423): 349–50. Bibcode:1960Sci...132..349H. doi:10.1126/science.132.3423.349. PMID 14401489. S2CID 12857616.
Kahneman D, Beatty J (December 1966). "Pupil diameter and load on memory". Science. 154 (3756): 1583–5. Bibcode:1966Sci...154.1583K. doi:10.1126/science.154.3756.1583. PMID 5924930. S2CID 22762466.

storage.googleapis.com (Global: 4,648^th place; English: 2,969^th place)

patentimages.storage.googleapis.com

"US patent 2,029,238 Camera Mechanism, Application June 4, 1933" (PDF).

theasc.com (Global: 4,492^nd place; English: 2,676^th place)

Lightman, Herb A.; DiGiulio, Ed (16 March 2018) [March 1976]. "Photographing Kubrick's 'Barry Lyndon'". American Cinematographer. Archived from the original on 7 February 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.

tmc.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu

Dragoi, Valentin. "Chapter 7: Ocular Motor System". Neuroscience Online: An Electronic Textbook for the Neurosciences. Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 24 October 2012.

venuslens.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

wayne (3 May 2021). "Argus -Laowa f/0.95 Large Aperture Lenses – Ultra-fast lens". Retrieved 6 September 2021.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Nicholas Eaton, Peter W. Draper & Alasdair Allan, Techniques of aperture photometry Archived 11 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine in PHOTOM – A Photometry Package, 20 August 2002
"Aperture and shutter speed in digital cameras". elite-cameras.com. Archived from the original on 20 June 2006. Retrieved 20 June 2006. (original link no longer works, but page was saved by archive.org)
"What is... Aperture?". Archived from the original on 10 October 2014. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
"Micro Four Thirds Mount Lenses". Cosina Voigtlander. 19 September 2021. Archived from the original on 21 May 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
Lightman, Herb A.; DiGiulio, Ed (16 March 2018) [March 1976]. "Photographing Kubrick's 'Barry Lyndon'". American Cinematographer. Archived from the original on 7 February 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
"Pinhole and Zone Plate Photography for SLR Cameras". Lensbaby Pinhole optic. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011.
Nikon USA web site Archived 12 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed 12 December 2008.
Nikon PC-E product comparison brochure Archived 17 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed 12 December 2008.
Dragoi, Valentin. "Chapter 7: Ocular Motor System". Neuroscience Online: An Electronic Textbook for the Neurosciences. Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
VanBurkleo, Meagan (March 24, 2010). "Aperture Science: A History". Game Informer. Archived from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 24, 2010.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Rüfer, Florian; Schröder, Anke; Erb, Carl (April 2005). "White-to-white corneal diameter: normal values in healthy humans obtained with the Orbscan II topography system". Cornea. 24 (3): 259–261. doi:10.1097/01.ico.0000148312.01805.53. ISSN 0277-3740. PMID 15778595.
Kuwamizu, Ryuta; Yamazaki, Yudai; Aoike, Naoki; Ochi, Genta; Suwabe, Kazuya; Soya, Hideaki (24 September 2022). "Pupil-linked arousal with very light exercise: pattern of pupil dilation during graded exercise". The Journal of Physiological Sciences. 72 (1): 23. doi:10.1186/s12576-022-00849-x. ISSN 1880-6562. PMC 10717467. PMID 36153491.
Eberhardt, Lisa V.; Grön, Georg; Ulrich, Martin; Huckauf, Anke; Strauch, Christoph (1 October 2021). "Direct voluntary control of pupil constriction and dilation: Exploratory evidence from pupillometry, optometry, skin conductance, perception, and functional MRI". International Journal of Psychophysiology. 168: 33–42. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.08.001. ISSN 0167-8760. PMID 34391820.

Aperture (English Wikipedia)

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