Appendicitis (English Wikipedia)

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appendixsurgery.net

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books.google.com

Wolfson AB, Cloutier RL, Hendey GW, Ling LJ, Schaider JJ, Rosen CL (2014). Harwood-Nuss' Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine. Wolters Kluwer Health. p. 5810. ISBN 978-1-4698-8948-1. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Retrieved 15 June 2016. Physical signs classically associated with acute appendicitis include Rovsing sign, psoas sign, and obturator sign.

cbc.ca

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choosingwisely.org

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cureus.com

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doi.org

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Echevarria S, Rauf F, Hussain N, Zaka H, Farwa UE, Ahsan N, Broomfield A, Akbar A, Khawaja UA (April 2023). "Typical and Atypical Presentations of Appendicitis and Their Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment: A Literature Review". Cureus. 15 (4): e37024. doi:10.7759/cureus.37024. PMC 10152406. PMID 37143626.
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Şahbaz NA, Bat O, Kaya B, Ulukent SC, İlkgül Ö, Özgün MY, Akça Ö (November 2014). "The clinical value of leucocyte count and neutrophil percentage in diagnosing uncomplicated (simple) appendicitis and predicting complicated appendicitis". Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi = Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery. 20 (6): 423–426. doi:10.5505/tjtes.2014.75044. PMID 25541921.
Sikander B, Rosenberg J, Fonnes S (May 2023). "Individual biomarkers in the blood are not yet applicable in diagnosing complicated appendicitis: A scoping review". The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 67: 100–107. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2023.02.016.
Prasetya D, Rochadi, Gunadi (December 2019). "Accuracy of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children: A diagnostic study". Annals of Medicine and Surgery. 48: 35–38. doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2019.10.013. PMC 6820073. PMID 31687137.
Shin DH, Cho YS, Cho GC, Ahn HC, Park SM, Lim SW, Oh YT, Cho JW, Park SO, Lee YH (2017). "Delta neutrophil index as an early predictor of acute appendicitis and acute complicated appendicitis in adults". World Journal of Emergency Surgery. 12: 32. doi:10.1186/s13017-017-0140-7. PMC 5525197. PMID 28747992.
Zhao, X., Yang, J. and Li, J. (2023) The predictive value of the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio in adult patients with complicated appendicitis. Journal of Laboratory Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2023-0069
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Reddan T, Corness J, Mengersen K, Harden F (March 2016). "Ultrasound of pediatric appendicitis and its secondary sonographic signs: providing a more meaningful finding". Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences. 63 (1): 59–66. doi:10.1002/jmrs.154. PMC 4775827. PMID 27087976.
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GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
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Dölling M, Rahimli M, Pachmann J (2024). "Hidden Appendicoliths and Their Impact on the Severity and Treatment of Acute Appendicitis". Journal of Clinical Medicine. 13 (14): 4166. doi:10.3390/jcm13144166. PMC 11278186. PMID 39064205.
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Shogilev DJ, Duus N, Odom SR, Shapiro NI (November 2014). "Diagnosing appendicitis: evidence-based review of the diagnostic approach in 2014". The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine (Review). 15 (7): 859–871. doi:10.5811/westjem.2014.9.21568. PMC 4251237. PMID 25493136.
Javanmard-Emamghissi H (2021). "Antibiotics as first-line alternative to appendicectomy in adult appendicitis: 90-day follow-up from a prospective, multicentre cohort study". The British Journal of Surgery. 108 (11): 1351–1359. doi:10.1093/bjs/znab287. PMC 8499866. PMID 34476484. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
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Toumi Z, Chan A, Hadfield MB, Hulton NR (September 2010). "Systematic review of blunt abdominal trauma as a cause of acute appendicitis". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 92 (6): 477–482. doi:10.1308/003588410X12664192075936. ISSN 1478-7083. PMC 3182788. PMID 20513274.
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Echevarria S, Rauf F, Hussain N, Zaka H, Farwa UE, Ahsan N, Broomfield A, Akbar A, Khawaja UA (April 2023). "Typical and Atypical Presentations of Appendicitis and Their Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment: A Literature Review". Cureus. 15 (4): e37024. doi:10.7759/cureus.37024. PMC 10152406. PMID 37143626.
Oh JS, Kim KW, Cho HJ (September 2012). "Left-sided appendicitis in a patient with situs inversus totalis". Journal of the Korean Surgical Society. 83 (3): 175–178. doi:10.4174/jkss.2012.83.3.175. PMC 3433555. PMID 22977765.
Ashdown HF, D'Souza N, Karim D, Stevens RJ, Huang A, Harnden A (December 2012). "Pain over speed bumps in diagnosis of acute appendicitis: diagnostic accuracy study". BMJ. 345 (dec14 14): e8012. doi:10.1136/bmj.e8012. PMC 3524367. PMID 23247977.
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Prasetya D, Rochadi, Gunadi (December 2019). "Accuracy of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children: A diagnostic study". Annals of Medicine and Surgery. 48: 35–38. doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2019.10.013. PMC 6820073. PMID 31687137.
Shin DH, Cho YS, Cho GC, Ahn HC, Park SM, Lim SW, Oh YT, Cho JW, Park SO, Lee YH (2017). "Delta neutrophil index as an early predictor of acute appendicitis and acute complicated appendicitis in adults". World Journal of Emergency Surgery. 12: 32. doi:10.1186/s13017-017-0140-7. PMC 5525197. PMID 28747992.
Bundy DG, Byerley JS, Liles EA, Perrin EM, Katznelson J, Rice HE (July 2007). "Does this child have appendicitis?". JAMA. 298 (4): 438–451. doi:10.1001/jama.298.4.438. PMC 2703737. PMID 17652298.
Krishnamoorthi R, Ramarajan N, Wang NE, Newman B, Rubesova E, Mueller CM, Barth RA (April 2011). "Effectiveness of a staged US and CT protocol for the diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis: reducing radiation exposure in the age of ALARA". Radiology. 259 (1): 231–239. doi:10.1148/radiol.10100984. PMID 21324843.
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Reddan T, Corness J, Mengersen K, Harden F (March 2016). "Ultrasound of pediatric appendicitis and its secondary sonographic signs: providing a more meaningful finding". Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences. 63 (1): 59–66. doi:10.1002/jmrs.154. PMC 4775827. PMID 27087976.
Lee SH, Yun SJ (April 2019). "Diagnostic performance of emergency physician-performed point-of-care ultrasonography for acute appendicitis: A meta-analysis". The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 37 (4): 696–705. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2018.07.025. PMID 30017693. S2CID 51677455.
Rud B, Vejborg TS, Rappeport ED, Reitsma JB, Wille-Jørgensen P (19 November 2019). "Computed tomography for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in adults". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2019 (11). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009977.pub2. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 6953397. PMID 31743429.
Kim Y, Kang G, Moon SB (November 2014). "Increasing utilization of abdominal CT in the Emergency Department of a secondary care center: does it produce better outcomes in caring for pediatric surgical patients?". Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research. 87 (5): 239–244. doi:10.4174/astr.2014.87.5.239. PMC 4217253. PMID 25368849.
Liu B, Ramalho M, AlObaidy M, Busireddy KK, Altun E, Kalubowila J, Semelka RC (August 2014). "Gastrointestinal imaging-practical magnetic resonance imaging approach". World Journal of Radiology. 6 (8): 544–566. doi:10.4329/wjr.v6.i8.544. PMC 4147436. PMID 25170393.
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Burke LM, Bashir MR, Miller FH, Siegelman ES, Brown M, Alobaidy M, Jaffe TA, Hussain SM, Palmer SL, Garon BL, Oto A, Reinhold C, Ascher SM, Demulder DK, Thomas S, Best S, Borer J, Zhao K, Pinel-Giroux F, De Oliveira I, Resende D, Semelka RC (November 2015). "Magnetic resonance imaging of acute appendicitis in pregnancy: a 5-year multi-institutional study". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 213 (5): 693.e1–6. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2015.07.026. PMID 26215327.
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Sallinen V, Akl EA, You JJ, Agarwal A, Shoucair S, Vandvik PO, Agoritsas T, Heels-Ansdell D, Guyatt GH, Tikkinen KA (May 2016). "Meta-analysis of antibiotics versus appendicectomy for non-perforated acute appendicitis". The British Journal of Surgery. 103 (6): 656–667. doi:10.1002/bjs.10147. PMC 5069642. PMID 26990957.
Huang L, Yin Y, Yang L, Wang C, Li Y, Zhou Z (May 2017). "Comparison of Antibiotic Therapy and Appendectomy for Acute Uncomplicated Appendicitis in Children: A Meta-analysis". JAMA Pediatrics. 171 (5): 426–434. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.0057. PMC 5470362. PMID 28346589.
Georgiou R, Eaton S, Stanton MP, Pierro A, Hall NJ (March 2017). "Efficacy and Safety of Nonoperative Treatment for Acute Appendicitis: A Meta-analysis" (PDF). Pediatrics. 139 (3): e20163003. doi:10.1542/peds.2016-3003. PMID 28213607. S2CID 2292989.
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Li Z, Li Z, Zhao L, Cheng Y, Cheng N, Deng Y (August 2021). "Abdominal drainage to prevent intra-peritoneal abscess after appendectomy for complicated appendicitis". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2021 (8): CD010168. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010168.pub4. PMC 8407456. PMID 34402522.
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Sekioka A, Takahashi T, Yamoto M, Miyake H, Fukumoto K, Nakaya K, Nomura A, Yamada Y, Urushihara N (December 2018). "Outcomes of Transumbilical Laparoscopic-Assisted Appendectomy and Conventional Laparoscopic Appendectomy for Acute Pediatric Appendicitis in a Single Institution". Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques. Part A. 28 (12): 1548–1552. doi:10.1089/lap.2018.0306. ISSN 1557-9034. PMID 30088968. S2CID 51941735.
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Zhou S, Cheng Y, Cheng N, Gong J, Tu B (2024-05-02). Cochrane Colorectal Group (ed.). "Early versus delayed appendicectomy for appendiceal phlegmon or abscess". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2024 (5). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011670.pub3. PMC 11064883. PMID 38695830.
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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Varadhan KK, Neal KR, Lobo DN (April 2012). "Safety and efficacy of antibiotics compared with appendicectomy for treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials". BMJ. 344: e2156. doi:10.1136/bmj.e2156. PMC 3320713. PMID 22491789.
GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
Dölling M, Rahimli M, Pachmann J (2024). "Hidden Appendicoliths and Their Impact on the Severity and Treatment of Acute Appendicitis". Journal of Clinical Medicine. 13 (14): 4166. doi:10.3390/jcm13144166. PMC 11278186. PMID 39064205.
Shogilev DJ, Duus N, Odom SR, Shapiro NI (November 2014). "Diagnosing appendicitis: evidence-based review of the diagnostic approach in 2014". The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine (Review). 15 (7): 859–871. doi:10.5811/westjem.2014.9.21568. PMC 4251237. PMID 25493136.
Javanmard-Emamghissi H (2021). "Antibiotics as first-line alternative to appendicectomy in adult appendicitis: 90-day follow-up from a prospective, multicentre cohort study". The British Journal of Surgery. 108 (11): 1351–1359. doi:10.1093/bjs/znab287. PMC 8499866. PMID 34476484. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
Fowler RH (April 1938). "The Rare Incidence of Acute Appendicitis Resulting from External Trauma". Annals of Surgery. 107 (4): 529–539. doi:10.1097/00000658-193804000-00007. ISSN 0003-4932. PMC 1386836. PMID 17857157.
Toumi Z, Chan A, Hadfield MB, Hulton NR (September 2010). "Systematic review of blunt abdominal trauma as a cause of acute appendicitis". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 92 (6): 477–482. doi:10.1308/003588410X12664192075936. ISSN 1478-7083. PMC 3182788. PMID 20513274.
Jones BA, Demetriades D, Segal I, Burkitt DP (July 1985). "The prevalence of appendiceal fecaliths in patients with and without appendicitis. A comparative study from Canada and South Africa". Annals of Surgery. 202 (1): 80–82. doi:10.1097/00000658-198507000-00013. PMC 1250841. PMID 2990360.
Burkitt DP (September 1971). "The aetiology of appendicitis". The British Journal of Surgery. 58 (9): 695–699. doi:10.1002/bjs.1800580916. PMC 1598350. PMID 4937032.
Echevarria S, Rauf F, Hussain N, Zaka H, Farwa UE, Ahsan N, Broomfield A, Akbar A, Khawaja UA (April 2023). "Typical and Atypical Presentations of Appendicitis and Their Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment: A Literature Review". Cureus. 15 (4): e37024. doi:10.7759/cureus.37024. PMC 10152406. PMID 37143626.
Oh JS, Kim KW, Cho HJ (September 2012). "Left-sided appendicitis in a patient with situs inversus totalis". Journal of the Korean Surgical Society. 83 (3): 175–178. doi:10.4174/jkss.2012.83.3.175. PMC 3433555. PMID 22977765.
Ashdown HF, D'Souza N, Karim D, Stevens RJ, Huang A, Harnden A (December 2012). "Pain over speed bumps in diagnosis of acute appendicitis: diagnostic accuracy study". BMJ. 345 (dec14 14): e8012. doi:10.1136/bmj.e8012. PMC 3524367. PMID 23247977.
Jones MW, Lopez RA, Deppen JG. Appendicitis. [Updated 2023 April 24]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493193/
Prasetya D, Rochadi, Gunadi (December 2019). "Accuracy of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children: A diagnostic study". Annals of Medicine and Surgery. 48: 35–38. doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2019.10.013. PMC 6820073. PMID 31687137.
Shin DH, Cho YS, Cho GC, Ahn HC, Park SM, Lim SW, Oh YT, Cho JW, Park SO, Lee YH (2017). "Delta neutrophil index as an early predictor of acute appendicitis and acute complicated appendicitis in adults". World Journal of Emergency Surgery. 12: 32. doi:10.1186/s13017-017-0140-7. PMC 5525197. PMID 28747992.
Bundy DG, Byerley JS, Liles EA, Perrin EM, Katznelson J, Rice HE (July 2007). "Does this child have appendicitis?". JAMA. 298 (4): 438–451. doi:10.1001/jama.298.4.438. PMC 2703737. PMID 17652298.
Reddan T, Corness J, Mengersen K, Harden F (March 2016). "Ultrasound of pediatric appendicitis and its secondary sonographic signs: providing a more meaningful finding". Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences. 63 (1): 59–66. doi:10.1002/jmrs.154. PMC 4775827. PMID 27087976.
Rud B, Vejborg TS, Rappeport ED, Reitsma JB, Wille-Jørgensen P (19 November 2019). "Computed tomography for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in adults". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2019 (11). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009977.pub2. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 6953397. PMID 31743429.
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