Arab Brazilians (English Wikipedia)

Sousa, Thais (22 July 2020). "Arabs, descendants are 6% of Brazil's population: survey". Brazil-Arab News Agency. São Paulo. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2024.

books.google.com

Silvia Ferabolli (25 September 2014). Arab Regionalism: A Post-Structural Perspective. Routledge. p. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-65803-0. According to estimates by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), countersigned by the League of Arab States, Brazil has the largest Arab colony outside their countries of origin. There are estimated 15 million Arabs living in Brazil today, with some researchers suggesting numbers around 20 million.
Paul Amar (15 July 2014). The Middle East and Brazil: Perspectives on the New Global South. Indiana University Press. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-253-01496-2. there are, according to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, more than sixteen million Arabs and descendants of Arabs in Brazil, constituting the largest community of Arabs descent outside the Middle East.
Meade, Teresa A. (14 May 2014). A Brief History of Brazil. Infobase Publishing. p. 114. ISBN 978-1-4381-0821-6.
John Tofik Karam (2008). Another Arabesque: Syrian-Lebanese Ethnicity in Neoliberal Brazil. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. p. 44. ISBN 978-1-59213-541-7. Retrieved 26 December 2015.

doi.org

Carvalho-Silva, Denise R.; Santos, Fabrício R.; Rocha, Jorge; Pena, Sérgio D. J. (2000). "The Phylogeography of Brazilian Y-Chromosome Lineages". American Journal of Human Genetics. 68 (1): 281–286. doi:10.1086/316931. PMC 1234928. PMID 11090340.

elindependiente.com.ar

"Recopilaron casi 200 años de los sirio libaneses en Argentina" [Almost 200 years of Syrian Lebanese presence in Argentina has been collected]. El Independiente (in Spanish). Buenos Aires. Archived from the original on 8 September 2014.

harvard.edu

rlp.hds.harvard.edu

"Islam in Brazil". Harvard Divinity School Religious Liberty Project. Harvard Divinity School. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2018.

ibge.gov.br

biblioteca.ibge.gov.br

IBGE. IBGE: Características Étnico-Raciais da População Archived 20 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine.

brasil500anos.ibge.gov.br

"Origem e destino dos imigrantes" [Origin and destination of the immigrants] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Archived from the original on 31 March 2013. Retrieved 11 April 2016.

itamaraty.gov.br

"Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affaires". Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2015.

juancole.com

Cole, Juan (24 September 2007). "Escobar on Palestinian Refugees in Brazil". Informed Comment. Archived from the original on 7 October 2008.

libano.org.br

"Lebanon: Geography". Embassy of Lebanon in Brazil (in Portuguese). 1996. Archived from the original on 29 May 2008.

middleeastmonitor.com

Abusidu, Eman (26 October 2020). "The integration of the Arabs in Brazil is at the expense of their language and culture". Middle East Monitor. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 20 July 2024.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Carvalho-Silva, Denise R.; Santos, Fabrício R.; Rocha, Jorge; Pena, Sérgio D. J. (2000). "The Phylogeography of Brazilian Y-Chromosome Lineages". American Journal of Human Genetics. 68 (1): 281–286. doi:10.1086/316931. PMC 1234928. PMID 11090340.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Carvalho-Silva, Denise R.; Santos, Fabrício R.; Rocha, Jorge; Pena, Sérgio D. J. (2000). "The Phylogeography of Brazilian Y-Chromosome Lineages". American Journal of Human Genetics. 68 (1): 281–286. doi:10.1086/316931. PMC 1234928. PMID 11090340.

washingtontimes.com

m.washingtontimes.com

"Arab roots grow deep in Brazil's rich melting pot". The Washington Times. São Paulo. 11 July 2005. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.

web.archive.org

"Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affaires". Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
"Lebanon: Geography". Embassy of Lebanon in Brazil (in Portuguese). 1996. Archived from the original on 29 May 2008.
IBGE. IBGE: Características Étnico-Raciais da População Archived 20 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine.
Cole, Juan (24 September 2007). "Escobar on Palestinian Refugees in Brazil". Informed Comment. Archived from the original on 7 October 2008.
"Arab roots grow deep in Brazil's rich melting pot". The Washington Times. São Paulo. 11 July 2005. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
"Origem e destino dos imigrantes" [Origin and destination of the immigrants] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Archived from the original on 31 March 2013. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
"Islam in Brazil". Harvard Divinity School Religious Liberty Project. Harvard Divinity School. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
Abusidu, Eman (26 October 2020). "The integration of the Arabs in Brazil is at the expense of their language and culture". Middle East Monitor. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
"Recopilaron casi 200 años de los sirio libaneses en Argentina" [Almost 200 years of Syrian Lebanese presence in Argentina has been collected]. El Independiente (in Spanish). Buenos Aires. Archived from the original on 8 September 2014.
Sousa, Thais (22 July 2020). "Arabs, descendants are 6% of Brazil's population: survey". Brazil-Arab News Agency. São Paulo. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2024.