Stewart, J. D. (2013a). "Re-description of Arapaima agassizii (Valenciennes), a rare fish from Brazil (Osteoglossimorpha: Osteoglossidae)". Copeia. 2013 (1): 38–51. doi:10.1643/CI-12-013. S2CID84207464.
Lavoue, Sullivan; Sullivan, J. P. (2004). "Simultaneous analysis of five colecular markers provides a well-supported phylogenetic hypothesis for the living bony-tongue fishes (Osteoglossimorpha: Teleostei)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 33 (2014): 171–185. Bibcode:2004MolPE..33..171L. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.04.021. PMID15324846.
Lundberg, John G.; Chernoff, Barry (1992). "A Miocene Fossil of the Amazonian Fish Arapaima (Teleostei, Arapaimidae) from the Magdalena River Region of Colombia--Biogeographic and Evolutionary Implications". Biotropica. 24 (1): 2–14. Bibcode:1992Biotr..24....2L. doi:10.2307/2388468. ISSN0006-3606. JSTOR2388468.
Lavoue, Sullivan; Sullivan, J. P. (2004). "Simultaneous analysis of five colecular markers provides a well-supported phylogenetic hypothesis for the living bony-tongue fishes (Osteoglossimorpha: Teleostei)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 33 (2014): 171–185. Bibcode:2004MolPE..33..171L. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.04.021. PMID15324846.
Lundberg, John G.; Chernoff, Barry (1992). "A Miocene Fossil of the Amazonian Fish Arapaima (Teleostei, Arapaimidae) from the Magdalena River Region of Colombia--Biogeographic and Evolutionary Implications". Biotropica. 24 (1): 2–14. Bibcode:1992Biotr..24....2L. doi:10.2307/2388468. ISSN0006-3606. JSTOR2388468.
Lundberg, John G.; Chernoff, Barry (1992). "A Miocene Fossil of the Amazonian Fish Arapaima (Teleostei, Arapaimidae) from the Magdalena River Region of Colombia--Biogeographic and Evolutionary Implications". Biotropica. 24 (1): 2–14. Bibcode:1992Biotr..24....2L. doi:10.2307/2388468. ISSN0006-3606. JSTOR2388468.
Lavoue, Sullivan; Sullivan, J. P. (2004). "Simultaneous analysis of five colecular markers provides a well-supported phylogenetic hypothesis for the living bony-tongue fishes (Osteoglossimorpha: Teleostei)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 33 (2014): 171–185. Bibcode:2004MolPE..33..171L. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.04.021. PMID15324846.
Stewart, J. D. (2013a). "Re-description of Arapaima agassizii (Valenciennes), a rare fish from Brazil (Osteoglossimorpha: Osteoglossidae)". Copeia. 2013 (1): 38–51. doi:10.1643/CI-12-013. S2CID84207464.
Lundberg, John G.; Chernoff, Barry (1992). "A Miocene Fossil of the Amazonian Fish Arapaima (Teleostei, Arapaimidae) from the Magdalena River Region of Colombia--Biogeographic and Evolutionary Implications". Biotropica. 24 (1): 2–14. Bibcode:1992Biotr..24....2L. doi:10.2307/2388468. ISSN0006-3606. JSTOR2388468.