There are some credible theories. The use of koinon, Latin res publica, to refer to the Ionians under Aristagoras suggests that the former Ionian League, also termed a koinon, had been restored again with Aristagoras as chief officer:Boardman et al. 1988, p. 481, Part II, Chapter 8, Oswyn Murray, The Ionian Revolt. In a second theory, pointing out that Histiaeus was arrested by the Chians as a Persian agent, and asserting "Histiaeus at Susa was not a pampered political prisoner," Georges attributes the influence of Miletus to Darius himself, in support of Histiaeus: Georges 2000, pp. 13–14. Boardman, John; Hammond, NGL; Lewis, DM; Ostwald, M, eds. (1988). The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. IV: Persia, Greece and the Western Mediterranean c. 525 to 479 B.C. (2nd ed.). Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press. Georges, Pericles B. (2000). "Persian Ionia Under Darius: The Revolt Reconsidered". Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 49 (1): 1–39.
