Arrow (English Wikipedia)

Backwell L, d'Errico F, Wadley L.(2008). Middle Stone Age bone tools from the Howiesons Poort layers, Sibudu Cave, South Africa. Journal of Archaeological Science, 35:1566–1580. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2007.11.006
Lombard M, Phillips L (2010). "Indications of bow and stone-tipped arrow use 64,000 years ago in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa". Antiquity. 84 (325): 635–648. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00100134. S2CID 162438490.
Lombard M (2011). "Quartz-tipped arrows older than 60 ka: further use-trace evidence from Sibudu, Kwa-Zulu-Natal, South Africa". Journal of Archaeological Science. 38 (8): 1918–1930. Bibcode:2011JArSc..38.1918L. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2011.04.001.
Backwell L, Bradfield J, Carlson KJ, Jashashvili T, Wadley L, d'Errico F.(2018). The antiquity of bow-and-arrow technology: evidence from Middle Stone Age layers at Sibudu Cave. Journal of Archaeological Science, 92:289–303. doi:10.15184/aqy.2018.11

eastonarchery.com

Saxton Pope. Hunting with the Bow & Arrow. Retrieved on 18 February 2020 at Project Gutenberg "To test a steel bodkin pointed arrow such as was used at the battle of Cressy, I borrowed a shirt of chain armor from the Museum, a beautiful specimen made in Damascus in the 15th Century. It weighed twenty-five pounds [11 kg] and was in perfect condition. One of the attendants in the Museum offered to put it on and allow me to shoot at him. Fortunately, I declined his proffered services and put it on a wooden box, padded with burlap to represent clothing.
Indoors at a distance of seven yards [6 m], I discharged an arrow at it with such force that sparks flew from the links of steel as from a forge. The bodkin point and shaft went through the thickest portion of the back, penetrated an inch of wood and bulged out the opposite side of the armor shirt. The attendant turned a pale green. An arrow of this type can be shot about two hundred yards [180 m], and would be deadly up to the full limit of its flight."

Lombard M (2011). "Quartz-tipped arrows older than 60 ka: further use-trace evidence from Sibudu, Kwa-Zulu-Natal, South Africa". Journal of Archaeological Science. 38 (8): 1918–1930. Bibcode:2011JArSc..38.1918L. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2011.04.001.

GPI explained by an arrow vendor (referred to from their listing of carbon arrows)
"Carbon Arrow University". www.huntersfriend.com. Retrieved 2016-04-22.
"Traditional Bow Selection Guide". www.huntersfriend.com. Retrieved 2016-04-22.

"Mechanical vs. Fixed Broadheads". Archived from the original on 2009-09-25. Retrieved 2010-02-17.

"SCA marshall's handbook" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-06-10. Retrieved 2008-12-16.

Lombard M, Phillips L (2010). "Indications of bow and stone-tipped arrow use 64,000 years ago in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa". Antiquity. 84 (325): 635–648. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00100134. S2CID 162438490.

Stonebraker, Rick (2000). "Tune for Tens". texasarchery.org. Archived from the original on 1 July 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2016. WHY A BARE SHAFT? If shot at short distance through paper into a butt, a bare shaft will reveal improper thrust effects since aerodynamics will not have time to straighten out the flight of the arrow. It will literally fly sideways through the paper creating a tell-tale pattern if the tune is bad. Fletching would straighten out the arrow's flight and make this first stage of tuning more difficult.

B.B. Datta and A.N. Singh (1983). "Hindu Trigonometry" (PDF). Indian Journal of History of Science. 18 (1): 39–108. Retrieved 2 June 2022.

"Ancient tools show how humans adapted to rainforests". National Geographic. 12 June 2020. Archived from the original on June 13, 2020.
"Anon: The Mary Rose; Armament p.7". Archived from the original on February 25, 2008.
"Royal Armouries: 6. Armour-piercing arrowheads". Archived from the original on 2016-03-24. Retrieved 2008-09-28.
"Mechanical vs. Fixed Broadheads". Archived from the original on 2009-09-25. Retrieved 2010-02-17.
"SCA marshall's handbook" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-06-10. Retrieved 2008-12-16.
Stonebraker, Rick (2000). "Tune for Tens". texasarchery.org. Archived from the original on 1 July 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2016. WHY A BARE SHAFT? If shot at short distance through paper into a butt, a bare shaft will reveal improper thrust effects since aerodynamics will not have time to straighten out the flight of the arrow. It will literally fly sideways through the paper creating a tell-tale pattern if the tune is bad. Fletching would straighten out the arrow's flight and make this first stage of tuning more difficult.