Ashoka (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Ashoka" in English language version.

Last modified: 14:10:45, 16 August 2026 (UTC)

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"'Bharatvarsh' – ABP News brings a captivating saga of legendary Indians with Anupam Kher". 19 August 2016. Archived from the original on 26 August 2016.

academia.edu (Global: 105^th place; English: 99^th place)

Bopearachchi, Osmund (2016). "Review of C.I. Beckwith, Greek Buddha". Ancient West & East. 15: 341-342. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 4 September 2019.
Bronkhorst, Johannes (2016). How the Brahmins Won. Brill. pp. 483–489. doi:10.1163/9789004315518_016. Archived from the original on 24 April 2022. Retrieved 4 September 2019.

accesstoinsight.org (Global: 4,996^th place; English: 4,423^rd place)

"The Edicts of King Asoka". Translated by Dhammika, Ven. S. Buddhist Publication Society. 1994. Archived from the original on 10 May 2016.
The Edicts of King Ashoka: an English rendering by Ven. S. Dhammika Archived 10 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Access to Insight: Readings in Theravāda Buddhism. Retrieved 1 September 2011.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Peter Fibiger Bang, Christopher Bayly (2021). The Oxford World History Of Empire Volume Two The History Of Empires. p. 208. Aśoka placed Buddhism side by side with Brahmanism, Jainism, and the Ajivikas in his edicts and stressed that his dhamma was not the doctrine of one religion but was universal.
The Dîpavaṃsa: An Ancient Buddhist Historical Record. Williams and Norgate. 1879. pp. 147–148.
Sircar, D. C. (1979). Asokan studies. p. 113.
Allen 2012, pp. 350–351. Allen, Charles (2012). Ashoka: The Search for India's Lost Emperor. The Overlook Press. ISBN 978-1-4683-0071-0.
Allen 2012, p. 331: "Only fragments were found of the Wheel of the Moral Law, which the four lions had originally supported." Allen, Charles (2012). Ashoka: The Search for India's Lost Emperor. The Overlook Press. ISBN 978-1-4683-0071-0.
Charles Drekmeier (1962). Kingship and Community in Early India. Stanford University Press. pp. 173. LCCN 62-9565. Retrieved 30 October 2012.
Allen 2012, pp. 300–302. Allen, Charles (2012). Ashoka: The Search for India's Lost Emperor. The Overlook Press. ISBN 978-1-4683-0071-0.
Described in Marshall pp. 25-28 Ashoka pillar.
Inscriptions of Asoka. New Edition by E. Hultzsch (in Sanskrit). 1925. p. 132, Edict No 7 line 23.
Beni Madhab Barua (5 May 2010). The Ajivikas. General Books. pp. 68–69. ISBN 978-1-152-74433-2. Retrieved 30 October 2012.
Parishtaparvan.
James C. Harle (1994). The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent. Yale University Press. pp. 24–25. ISBN 978-0-300-06217-5.
Phelps, Norm (2007). The Longest Struggle: Animal Advocacy from Pythagoras to Peta. Lantern Books. ISBN 978-1590561065.
A Brief History of India, Alain Daniélou, Inner Traditions / Bear & Co, 2003, p. 89-91
De la Croix, Horst; Tansey, Richard G.; Kirkpatrick, Diane (1991). Gardner's Art Through the Ages (9th ed.). Thomson/Wadsworth. p. 428. ISBN 0-15-503769-2.
Allen 2012, p. 168. Allen, Charles (2012). Ashoka: The Search for India's Lost Emperor. The Overlook Press. ISBN 978-1-4683-0071-0.
Hultzsch 1925, p. 174–175. Hultzsch, E. (1925). Inscriptions of Asoka: New Edition. Government of India.

ballet.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Renouf, Renee (December 2000). "Review: Uttarpriyadarshi". Balletco. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Lahiri 2015, pp. 295–296. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Singh 2017, p. 162. Singh, Upinder (2017). Political Violence in Ancient India. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-97527-9.
Singh 2008, p. 331. Singh, Upinder (2008). A history of ancient and early medieval India : from the Stone Age to the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson Education. ISBN 978-81-317-1120-0.
Lahiri 2015, p. 219. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Manish Rannjan (19 August 2023). Indian Art & Culture Book in English: Exploring Heritage and Tradition. Prabhat Prakashan. p. 161. ISBN 978-93-5521-694-6. The Bhatru inscription confirms Emperor Ashoka's acceptance of Buddhism, and in it Ashoka describes himself as the emperor of Magadha.
Thapar 1961, pp. 5–8. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Strong 1995, p. 141. Strong, John S. (1995). "Images of Aśoka: Some Indian and Sri Lankan Legends and their Development". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Thapar 1961, p. 8. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 7. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, pp. 7–8. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Singh 2008, pp. 331–332. Singh, Upinder (2008). A history of ancient and early medieval India : from the Stone Age to the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson Education. ISBN 978-81-317-1120-0.
Thapar 1961, pp. 8–9. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Strong 1989, p. 12. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Strong 1995, p. 143. Strong, John S. (1995). "Images of Aśoka: Some Indian and Sri Lankan Legends and their Development". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Strong 1995, p. 144. Strong, John S. (1995). "Images of Aśoka: Some Indian and Sri Lankan Legends and their Development". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Strong 1995, pp. 152–154. Strong, John S. (1995). "Images of Aśoka: Some Indian and Sri Lankan Legends and their Development". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Strong 1995, p. 155. Strong, John S. (1995). "Images of Aśoka: Some Indian and Sri Lankan Legends and their Development". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Strong 1995, pp. 154–157. Strong, John S. (1995). "Images of Aśoka: Some Indian and Sri Lankan Legends and their Development". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Thapar 1961, p. 11. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1995, p. 15. Thapar, Romila (1995). "Aśoka and Buddhism as Reflected in the Aśokan Edicts". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Thapar 1961, p. 9. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Guruge 1995b, pp. 185–188. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995b). "Emperor Aśoka's Place in History: A Review of Prevalent Opinions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Strong 1989, p. 205. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Thapar 1961, pp. 226–227. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Strong 1989, p. 11. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Lahiri 2015, p. 129. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Thapar 1961, p. 226. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Lahiri 2015, p. 25. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, p. 24. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, p. 26. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Thapar 1961, p. 13. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Strong 1989, p. 204. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Thapar 1961, pp. 25–26. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Strong 1989, pp. 204–205. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Lahiri 2015, p. 323:"In the Ashokavadana, Ashoka's mother is not named." Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, p. 31. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Guruge 1993, p. 19. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1993). Aśoka, the Righteous: A Definitive Biography. Central Cultural Fund. ISBN 978-955-9226-00-0.
Mookerji 1995, p. 2. Mookerji, Radhakumud (1995) [First published 1928; 3rd revised edition published in 1962]. Aśoka (3rd revised ed.). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0582-8.
Singh 2008, p. 332. Singh, Upinder (2008). A history of ancient and early medieval India : from the Stone Age to the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson Education. ISBN 978-81-317-1120-0.
Thapar 1961, p. 20. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Lahiri 2015, p. 27. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Strong 1989, p. 206. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Strong 1989, p. 207. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Thapar 1961, p. 21. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Lahiri 2015, p. 65. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Strong 1989, p. 208. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Lahiri 2015, p. 66. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, p. 70. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, p. 66-67. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, p. 68. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, p. 67. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, pp. 89–90. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Guruge 1993, p. 28. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1993). Aśoka, the Righteous: A Definitive Biography. Central Cultural Fund. ISBN 978-955-9226-00-0.
Lahiri 2015, p. 98. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, pp. 94–95. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Thapar 1961, pp. 22–23. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Lahiri 2015, p. 101. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, p. 97. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Thapar 1961, pp. 24–25. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 25. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Lahiri 2015, p. 102. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Strong 1989, p. 209. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Strong 1989, p. 210. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Thapar 1961, p. 26. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 27. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, pp. 13–14. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 14. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 30. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Strong 1989, pp. 12–13. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Strong 1989, p. 13. Strong, John S. (1989). The Legend of King Aśoka: A Study and Translation of the Aśokāvadāna. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0616-0.
Guruge 1995, p. 46. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Thapar 1961, p. 29. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Lahiri 2015, p. 105. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, p. 106. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, pp. 106–107. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, p. 107. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Guruge 1995, pp. 49–50. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Thapar 1995, p. 18. Thapar, Romila (1995). "Aśoka and Buddhism as Reflected in the Aśokan Edicts". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Thapar 1961, p. 36. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 33. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Guruge 1995, p. 38. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Guruge 1995, p. 37. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Thapar 1995, pp. 30–31. Thapar, Romila (1995). "Aśoka and Buddhism as Reflected in the Aśokan Edicts". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Guruge 1995, p. 56. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
"Ashoka did build the Diamond Throne at Bodh Gaya to stand in for the Buddha and to mark the place of his enlightenment" in Ching, Francis D. K.; Jarzombek, Mark M.; Prakash, Vikramaditya (23 March 2017). A Global History of Architecture. John Wiley & Sons. p. 570. ISBN 978-1-118-98160-3. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
Guruge 1995, p. 42. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Guruge 1995, p. 43. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Guruge 1995, p. 47. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Lahiri 2015, p. 109. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Gombrich 1995, p. 7. Gombrich, Richard (1995). "Aśoka – The Great Upāsaka". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Thapar 1961, p. 34. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Lahiri 2015, p. 110. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Lahiri 2015, p. 108. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Guruge 1995, p. 49. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Thapar 1961, p. 35. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Lahiri 2015, p. 135. Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015). Ashoka in Ancient India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674057777.
Strong 1995, pp. 154–155. Strong, John S. (1995). "Images of Aśoka: Some Indian and Sri Lankan Legends and their Development". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Strong 1995, p. 158. Strong, John S. (1995). "Images of Aśoka: Some Indian and Sri Lankan Legends and their Development". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Strong 1995, p. 159. Strong, John S. (1995). "Images of Aśoka: Some Indian and Sri Lankan Legends and their Development". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Skilling, Peter (1998). Mahasutras. Pali Text Society. p. 453. ISBN 9780860133209.
Himanshu Prabha Ray (7 August 2014). The Return of the Buddha: Ancient Symbols for a New Nation. Routledge. p. 123. ISBN 9781317560067.
India: The Ancient Past: A History of the Indian Subcontinent from c. 7000 BCE to CE 1200, Burjor Avari Routledge, 2016 p. 139
Guruge 1995, p. 50. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Gombrich 1995, p. 8. Gombrich, Richard (1995). "Aśoka – The Great Upāsaka". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Guruge 1995, p. 51. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Gombrich 1995, pp. 8–9. Gombrich, Richard (1995). "Aśoka – The Great Upāsaka". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Gombrich 1995, p. 5. Gombrich, Richard (1995). "Aśoka – The Great Upāsaka". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Guruge 1995, p. 45. Guruge, Ananda W. P. (1995). "Emperor Aśoka and Buddhism: Unresolved Discrepancies between Buddhist Tradition & Aśokan Inscriptions". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Gombrich 1995, p. 10. Gombrich, Richard (1995). "Aśoka – The Great Upāsaka". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Gombrich 1995, p. 6. Gombrich, Richard (1995). "Aśoka – The Great Upāsaka". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Gombrich 1995, pp. 10–11. Gombrich, Richard (1995). "Aśoka – The Great Upāsaka". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
Gombrich 1995, p. 11. Gombrich, Richard (1995). "Aśoka – The Great Upāsaka". In Anuradha Seneviratna (ed.). King Aśoka and Buddhism: Historical and Literary Studies. Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 978-955-24-0065-0.
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Strong, John S. (2002–2003). Faure, Bernard (ed.). "Aśoka's Wives and the Ambiguities of Buddhist Kingship". Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie. 13. Paris: École française d'Extrême-Orient: 35–54. doi:10.3406/asie.2002.1176. eISSN 2117-6272. JSTOR 44167352. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
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Strong, John S. (2002–2003). Faure, Bernard (ed.). "Aśoka's Wives and the Ambiguities of Buddhist Kingship". Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie. 13. Paris: École française d'Extrême-Orient: 35–54. doi:10.3406/asie.2002.1176. eISSN 2117-6272. JSTOR 44167352. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
Thapar 1961, pp. 5–8. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 8. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 7. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, pp. 7–8. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, pp. 8–9. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 11. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 9. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, pp. 226–227. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 226. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 13. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, pp. 25–26. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 20. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 21. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, pp. 22–23. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, pp. 24–25. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 25. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 26. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 27. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, pp. 13–14. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 14. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 30. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 29. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 36. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 33. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 34. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 35. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Bisschop, Peter C.; Cecil, Elizabeth A. (May 2019). Copp, Paul; Wedemeyer, Christian K. (eds.). "Columns in Context: Venerable Monuments and Landscapes of Memory in Early India". History of Religions. 58 (4). University of Chicago Press for the University of Chicago Divinity School: 355–403. doi:10.1086/702256. hdl:1887/73606. ISSN 0018-2710. JSTOR 00182710. LCCN 64001081. OCLC 299661763.
Thapar 1961, p. 28. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 23. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 22. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 24. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, pp. 23–24. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 37. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.
Thapar 1961, p. 6. Thapar, Romila (1961). Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas. Oxford University Press. OCLC 736554.

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"Lion Capital of Ashoka At Sarnath Archaeological Museum Near Varanasi India". YouTube. 27 October 2018. Archived from the original on 15 July 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2022.

Ashoka (English Wikipedia)

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