Astronomy (English Wikipedia)

Covington, Richard (2007). "Rediscovering Arabic Science". Aramco World. Vol. 58, no. 3. Archived from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 6 March 2023.

archive.org

Shu, F.H. (1983). The Physical Universe. Mill Valley, California: University Science Books. ISBN 978-0-935702-05-7.
Berry, Arthur (1961). A Short History of Astronomy From Earliest Times Through the 19th Century. New York: Dover Publications, Inc. ISBN 978-0-486-20210-5.
McKissack, Pat; McKissack, Frederick (1995). The royal kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhay: life in medieval Africa. H. Holt. p. 103. ISBN 978-0-8050-4259-7.
Gaisser, Thomas K. (1990). Cosmic Rays and Particle Physics. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–2. ISBN 978-0-521-33931-5.

archive.today

"astrophysics". Merriam-Webster Online. Archived from the original on 21 September 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2007.
Staff (11 September 2003). "Why infrared astronomy is a hot topic". ESA. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 11 August 2008.
Penston, Margaret J. (14 August 2002). "The electromagnetic spectrum". Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council. Archived from the original on 8 September 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
Tammann, Gustav-Andreas; Thielemann, Friedrich-Karl; Trautmann, Dirk (2003). "Opening new windows in observing the Universe". Europhysics News. Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
Lerner, K. Lee; Lerner, Brenda Wilmoth (2006). "Environmental issues: essential primary sources". Thomson Gale. Archived from the original on 10 July 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
"Cambridge Amateur Radio Astronomers". Archived from the original on 24 May 2012. Retrieved 24 August 2006.

arxiv.org

Losev, Alexandre (2012). "'Astronomy' or 'astrology': A brief history of an apparent confusion". Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage. 15 (1): 42–46. arXiv:1006.5209. Bibcode:2012JAHH...15...42L. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2012.01.05. S2CID 51802196.
B.P. Abbott; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2016). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6): 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784.
Majaess, D. (2013). "Discovering protostars and their host clusters via WISE". Astrophysics and Space Science. 344 (1): 175–186. arXiv:1211.4032. Bibcode:2013Ap&SS.344..175M. doi:10.1007/s10509-012-1308-y. S2CID 118455708.
Abbott, Benjamin P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2016). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6): 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784.
LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abernathy, M. R.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T. (15 June 2016). "GW151226: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a 22-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence". Physical Review Letters. 116 (24): 241103. arXiv:1606.04855. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116x1103A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.241103. PMID 27367379. S2CID 118651851.
Van den Bergh, Sidney (1999). "The Early History of Dark Matter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 111 (760): 657–60. arXiv:astro-ph/9904251. Bibcode:1999PASP..111..657V. doi:10.1086/316369. S2CID 5640064.
Howk, J. Christopher; Lehner, Nicolas; Fields, Brian D.; Mathews, Grant J. (6 September 2012). "Observation of interstellar lithium in the low-metallicity Small Magellanic Cloud". Nature. 489 (7414): 121–23. arXiv:1207.3081. Bibcode:2012Natur.489..121H. doi:10.1038/nature11407. PMID 22955622. S2CID 205230254.
Beer, M. E.; King, A. R.; Livio, M.; Pringle, J. E. (November 2004). "How special is the Solar system?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 354 (3): 763–768. arXiv:astro-ph/0407476. Bibcode:2004MNRAS.354..763B. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08237.x. S2CID 119552423.
Kroupa, Pavel (2002). "The Initial Mass Function of Stars: Evidence for Uniformity in Variable Systems". Science. 295 (5552): 82–91. arXiv:astro-ph/0201098. Bibcode:2002Sci...295...82K. doi:10.1126/science.1067524. PMID 11778039. S2CID 14084249.

astrobiology.com

"Release of the First Roadmap for European Astrobiology". European Science Foundation. Astrobiology Web. 29 March 2016. Archived from the original on 10 June 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2016.

astronomycafe.net

Odenwald, Sten. "Archive of Astronomy Questions and Answers: What is the difference between astronomy and astrophysics?". The Astronomy Cafe. Archived from the original on 8 July 2007. Retrieved 20 June 2007.

astropix.com

Lodriguss, Jerry. "Catching the Light: Astrophotography". Archived from the original on 1 September 2006. Retrieved 24 August 2006.

berkeley.edu

wise.ssl.berkeley.edu

"Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer Mission". NASA University of California, Berkeley. 30 September 2014. Archived from the original on 12 January 2010. Retrieved 17 November 2016.

bigear.org

Sagan, Carl. "The Quest for Extraterrestrial Intelligence". Cosmic Search Magazine. Archived from the original on 18 August 2006. Retrieved 12 August 2006.

books.google.com

Thurston, H. (1996). Early Astronomy. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-387-94822-5. Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
Holbrook, Jarita C.; Medupe, R. Thebe; Urama, Johnson O. (2008). African Cultural Astronomy. Springer. ISBN 978-1-4020-6638-2. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
Holbrook, Jarita C.; Medupe, R. Thebe; Urama, Johnson O. (2008). African Cultural Astronomy. Springer. ISBN 978-1-4020-6638-2. Archived from the original on 26 August 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
Belkora, Leila (2003). Minding the heavens: the story of our discovery of the Milky Way. CRC Press. pp. 1–14. ISBN 978-0-7503-0730-7. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
Cox, A.N., ed. (2000). Allen's Astrophysical Quantities. New York: Springer-Verlag. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-387-98746-0. Archived from the original on 19 November 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
Xing, Zhizhong; Zhou, Shun (2011). Neutrinos in Particle Physics, Astronomy and Cosmology. Springer. p. 313. ISBN 978-3-642-17560-2. Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
Eddington, A.S. (1926). "Internal Constitution of the Stars". Science. 52 (1341). Cambridge University Press: 233–40. Bibcode:1920Sci....52..233E. doi:10.1126/science.52.1341.233. ISBN 978-0-521-33708-3. PMID 17747682. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
Smith, Michael David (2004). "Cloud formation, Evolution and Destruction". The Origin of Stars. Imperial College Press. pp. 53–86. ISBN 978-1-86094-501-4. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
Smith, Michael David (2004). "Massive stars". The Origin of Stars. Imperial College Press. pp. 185–99. ISBN 978-1-86094-501-4. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
Beatty, J.K.; Petersen, C.C.; Chaikin, A., eds. (1999). The New Solar System. Cambridge press. p. 70edition = 4th. ISBN 978-0-521-64587-4. Archived from the original on 30 March 2015. Retrieved 26 August 2020.

britannica.com

"astronomy". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 10 May 2015. Retrieved 12 November 2018.

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"Infrared Spectroscopy – An Overview". NASA California Institute of Technology. Archived from the original on 5 October 2008. Retrieved 11 August 2008.

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"Galaxy Clusters and Large-Scale Structure". University of Cambridge. Archived from the original on 10 October 2006. Retrieved 8 September 2006.

cnn.com

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Stenger, Richard "Star sheds light on African 'Stonehenge'". CNN. 5 December 2002. Archived from the original on 12 May 2011.. CNN. 5 December 2002. Retrieved on 30 December 2011.

edition.cnn.com

Cockell, Charles S. (4 October 2012). "How the search for aliens can help sustain life on Earth". CNN News. Archived from the original on 10 September 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2012.

cornell.edu

curious.astro.cornell.edu

Scharringhausen, B. (January 2002). "What is the difference between astronomy and astrophysics?". Curious About Astronomy. Archived from the original on 9 June 2007. Retrieved 17 November 2016.

marswatch.tn.cornell.edu

Bell III, J. F.; Campbell, B.A.; Robinson, M.S. (2004). Remote Sensing for the Earth Sciences: Manual of Remote Sensing (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. Archived from the original on 11 August 2006. Retrieved 17 November 2016.

doi.org

Losev, Alexandre (2012). "'Astronomy' or 'astrology': A brief history of an apparent confusion". Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage. 15 (1): 42–46. arXiv:1006.5209. Bibcode:2012JAHH...15...42L. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2012.01.05. S2CID 51802196.
Aaboe, A. (1974). "Scientific Astronomy in Antiquity". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 276 (1257): 21–42. Bibcode:1974RSPTA.276...21A. doi:10.1098/rsta.1974.0007. JSTOR 74272. S2CID 122508567.
Berrgren, J.L.; Sidoli, Nathan (May 2007). "Aristarchus's On the Sizes and Distances of the Sun and the Moon: Greek and Arabic Texts". Archive for History of Exact Sciences. 61 (3): 213–54. doi:10.1007/s00407-006-0118-4. S2CID 121872685.
Marchant, Jo (2006). "In search of lost time". Nature. 444 (7119): 534–38. Bibcode:2006Natur.444..534M. doi:10.1038/444534a. PMID 17136067.
Kennedy, Edward S. (1962). "Review: The Observatory in Islam and Its Place in the General History of the Observatory by Aydin Sayili". Isis. 53 (2): 237–39. doi:10.1086/349558.
McLean, Ian S. (2008). "Beating the atmosphere". Electronic Imaging in Astronomy. Springer Praxis Books. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 39–75. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-76583-7_2. ISBN 978-3-540-76582-0.
Castelvecchi, Davide; Witze, Witze (11 February 2016). "Einstein's gravitational waves found at last". Nature News. doi:10.1038/nature.2016.19361. S2CID 182916902. Archived from the original on 12 February 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
B.P. Abbott; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2016). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6): 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784.
Majaess, D. (2013). "Discovering protostars and their host clusters via WISE". Astrophysics and Space Science. 344 (1): 175–186. arXiv:1211.4032. Bibcode:2013Ap&SS.344..175M. doi:10.1007/s10509-012-1308-y. S2CID 118455708.
Abbott, Benjamin P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2016). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6): 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784.
LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abernathy, M. R.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T. (15 June 2016). "GW151226: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a 22-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence". Physical Review Letters. 116 (24): 241103. arXiv:1606.04855. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116x1103A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.241103. PMID 27367379. S2CID 118651851.
Wolszczan, A.; Frail, D. A. (1992). "A planetary system around the millisecond pulsar PSR1257+12". Nature. 355 (6356): 145–47. Bibcode:1992Natur.355..145W. doi:10.1038/355145a0. S2CID 4260368.
Roth, H. (1932). "A Slowly Contracting or Expanding Fluid Sphere and its Stability". Physical Review. 39 (3): 525–29. Bibcode:1932PhRv...39..525R. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.39.525.
Eddington, A.S. (1926). "Internal Constitution of the Stars". Science. 52 (1341). Cambridge University Press: 233–40. Bibcode:1920Sci....52..233E. doi:10.1126/science.52.1341.233. ISBN 978-0-521-33708-3. PMID 17747682. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
Beringer, J.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2012). "2013 Review of Particle Physics" (PDF). Phys. Rev. D. 86 (1): 010001. Bibcode:2012PhRvD..86a0001B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.86.010001. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Keeler, James E. (November 1897). "The Importance of Astrophysical Research and the Relation of Astrophysics to the Other Physical Sciences". The Astrophysical Journal. 6 (4): 271–88. Bibcode:1897ApJ.....6..271K. doi:10.1086/140401. PMID 17796068. [Astrophysics] is closely allied on the one hand to astronomy, of which it may properly be classed as a branch, and on the other hand to chemistry and physics.… It seeks to ascertain the nature of the heavenly bodies, rather than their positions or motions in space—what they are, rather than where they are.… That which is perhaps most characteristic of astrophysics is the special prominence which it gives to the study of radiation.
Van den Bergh, Sidney (1999). "The Early History of Dark Matter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 111 (760): 657–60. arXiv:astro-ph/9904251. Bibcode:1999PASP..111..657V. doi:10.1086/316369. S2CID 5640064.
Montmerle, Thierry; Augereau, Jean-Charles; Chaussidon, Marc; et al. (2006). "Solar System Formation and Early Evolution: the First 100 Million Years". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 98 (1–4): 39–95. Bibcode:2006EM&P...98...39M. doi:10.1007/s11038-006-9087-5. S2CID 120504344.
Hilbe, Joseph M. (2017). "Astrostatistics". Wiley Stats Ref: Statistics Reference Online. Wiley. pp. 1–5. doi:10.1002/9781118445112.stat07961. ISBN 9781118445112.
Mims III, Forrest M. (1999). "Amateur Science—Strong Tradition, Bright Future". Science. 284 (5411): 55–56. Bibcode:1999Sci...284...55M. doi:10.1126/science.284.5411.55. S2CID 162370774. Astronomy has traditionally been among the most fertile fields for serious amateurs [...]
Howk, J. Christopher; Lehner, Nicolas; Fields, Brian D.; Mathews, Grant J. (6 September 2012). "Observation of interstellar lithium in the low-metallicity Small Magellanic Cloud". Nature. 489 (7414): 121–23. arXiv:1207.3081. Bibcode:2012Natur.489..121H. doi:10.1038/nature11407. PMID 22955622. S2CID 205230254.
Beer, M. E.; King, A. R.; Livio, M.; Pringle, J. E. (November 2004). "How special is the Solar system?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 354 (3): 763–768. arXiv:astro-ph/0407476. Bibcode:2004MNRAS.354..763B. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08237.x. S2CID 119552423.
Kroupa, Pavel (2002). "The Initial Mass Function of Stars: Evidence for Uniformity in Variable Systems". Science. 295 (5552): 82–91. arXiv:astro-ph/0201098. Bibcode:2002Sci...295...82K. doi:10.1126/science.1067524. PMID 11778039. S2CID 14084249.
Hillas, A.M. (September 1984). "The Origin of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 22: 425–44. Bibcode:1984ARA&A..22..425H. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.22.090184.002233. This poses a challenge to these models, because [...]

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Tammann, Gustav-Andreas; Thielemann, Friedrich-Karl; Trautmann, Dirk (2003). "Opening new windows in observing the Universe". Europhysics News. Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2016.

ghostarchive.org

Beringer, J.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2012). "2013 Review of Particle Physics" (PDF). Phys. Rev. D. 86 (1): 010001. Bibcode:2012PhRvD..86a0001B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.86.010001. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

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Losev, Alexandre (2012). "'Astronomy' or 'astrology': A brief history of an apparent confusion". Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage. 15 (1): 42–46. arXiv:1006.5209. Bibcode:2012JAHH...15...42L. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2012.01.05. S2CID 51802196.
Aaboe, A. (1974). "Scientific Astronomy in Antiquity". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 276 (1257): 21–42. Bibcode:1974RSPTA.276...21A. doi:10.1098/rsta.1974.0007. JSTOR 74272. S2CID 122508567.
Marchant, Jo (2006). "In search of lost time". Nature. 444 (7119): 534–38. Bibcode:2006Natur.444..534M. doi:10.1038/444534a. PMID 17136067.
B.P. Abbott; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2016). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6): 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784.
Majaess, D. (2013). "Discovering protostars and their host clusters via WISE". Astrophysics and Space Science. 344 (1): 175–186. arXiv:1211.4032. Bibcode:2013Ap&SS.344..175M. doi:10.1007/s10509-012-1308-y. S2CID 118455708.
Abbott, Benjamin P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2016). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6): 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784.
LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abernathy, M. R.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T. (15 June 2016). "GW151226: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a 22-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence". Physical Review Letters. 116 (24): 241103. arXiv:1606.04855. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116x1103A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.241103. PMID 27367379. S2CID 118651851.
Wolszczan, A.; Frail, D. A. (1992). "A planetary system around the millisecond pulsar PSR1257+12". Nature. 355 (6356): 145–47. Bibcode:1992Natur.355..145W. doi:10.1038/355145a0. S2CID 4260368.
Roth, H. (1932). "A Slowly Contracting or Expanding Fluid Sphere and its Stability". Physical Review. 39 (3): 525–29. Bibcode:1932PhRv...39..525R. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.39.525.
Eddington, A.S. (1926). "Internal Constitution of the Stars". Science. 52 (1341). Cambridge University Press: 233–40. Bibcode:1920Sci....52..233E. doi:10.1126/science.52.1341.233. ISBN 978-0-521-33708-3. PMID 17747682. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
Beringer, J.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2012). "2013 Review of Particle Physics" (PDF). Phys. Rev. D. 86 (1): 010001. Bibcode:2012PhRvD..86a0001B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.86.010001. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Keeler, James E. (November 1897). "The Importance of Astrophysical Research and the Relation of Astrophysics to the Other Physical Sciences". The Astrophysical Journal. 6 (4): 271–88. Bibcode:1897ApJ.....6..271K. doi:10.1086/140401. PMID 17796068. [Astrophysics] is closely allied on the one hand to astronomy, of which it may properly be classed as a branch, and on the other hand to chemistry and physics.… It seeks to ascertain the nature of the heavenly bodies, rather than their positions or motions in space—what they are, rather than where they are.… That which is perhaps most characteristic of astrophysics is the special prominence which it gives to the study of radiation.
Van den Bergh, Sidney (1999). "The Early History of Dark Matter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 111 (760): 657–60. arXiv:astro-ph/9904251. Bibcode:1999PASP..111..657V. doi:10.1086/316369. S2CID 5640064.
Montmerle, Thierry; Augereau, Jean-Charles; Chaussidon, Marc; et al. (2006). "Solar System Formation and Early Evolution: the First 100 Million Years". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 98 (1–4): 39–95. Bibcode:2006EM&P...98...39M. doi:10.1007/s11038-006-9087-5. S2CID 120504344.
Mims III, Forrest M. (1999). "Amateur Science—Strong Tradition, Bright Future". Science. 284 (5411): 55–56. Bibcode:1999Sci...284...55M. doi:10.1126/science.284.5411.55. S2CID 162370774. Astronomy has traditionally been among the most fertile fields for serious amateurs [...]
Howk, J. Christopher; Lehner, Nicolas; Fields, Brian D.; Mathews, Grant J. (6 September 2012). "Observation of interstellar lithium in the low-metallicity Small Magellanic Cloud". Nature. 489 (7414): 121–23. arXiv:1207.3081. Bibcode:2012Natur.489..121H. doi:10.1038/nature11407. PMID 22955622. S2CID 205230254.
Beer, M. E.; King, A. R.; Livio, M.; Pringle, J. E. (November 2004). "How special is the Solar system?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 354 (3): 763–768. arXiv:astro-ph/0407476. Bibcode:2004MNRAS.354..763B. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08237.x. S2CID 119552423.
Kroupa, Pavel (2002). "The Initial Mass Function of Stars: Evidence for Uniformity in Variable Systems". Science. 295 (5552): 82–91. arXiv:astro-ph/0201098. Bibcode:2002Sci...295...82K. doi:10.1126/science.1067524. PMID 11778039. S2CID 14084249.
Hillas, A.M. (September 1984). "The Origin of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 22: 425–44. Bibcode:1984ARA&A..22..425H. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.22.090184.002233. This poses a challenge to these models, because [...]

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jstor.org

Aaboe, A. (1974). "Scientific Astronomy in Antiquity". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 276 (1257): 21–42. Bibcode:1974RSPTA.276...21A. doi:10.1098/rsta.1974.0007. JSTOR 74272. S2CID 122508567.
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