Australopithecus africanus (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Australopithecus africanus" in English language version.

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biodiversitylibrary.org

Johanson, D. C.; White, T. D.; Coppens, Y. (1978). "A New Species of the Genus Australopithecus (Primates: Hominidae) from the Pliocene of Eastern Africa". Kirtlandia. 28: 1–14.

biorxiv.org

Towle, I.; Riga, A.; Irish, J. D.; et al. (2019). "Root caries on a Paranthropus robustus third molar from Drimolen" (PDF). American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 170 (2): 319–323. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23891. PMID 31265762. S2CID 195786562.

books.google.com

Brain, C. K. (1983). "Who Were the Hunters and Who the Hunted". The Hunters Or the Hunted?: An Introduction to African Cave Taphonomy. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-07090-2.

doi.org

Tobias, P. V. (1998). "Ape-Like Australopithecus After Seventy Years: Was It a Hominid?". The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. 4 (2): 283–308. doi:10.2307/3034503. JSTOR 3034503.
Wolberg, D. L. (1970). "The Hypothesized Osteodontokeratic Culture of the Australopithecinae: A Look at the Evidence and the Opinions". Current Anthropology. 11 (1): 22–37. doi:10.1086/201087. JSTOR 2740696. S2CID 145545699.
Broom, R. (1938). "The Pleistocene Anthropoid Apes of South Africa". Nature. 142 (3591): 377–339. Bibcode:1938Natur.142..377B. doi:10.1038/142377a0.
Broom, R.; Robinson, J. T. (1947). "Further Remains of the Sterkfonstein Ape-Man, Plesianthropus". Nature. 160 (4065): 430. Bibcode:1947Natur.160R.430B. doi:10.1038/160430b0. PMID 20340514. S2CID 4078474.
Dart, R. A. (1949). "The cranio-facial fragments of Australopithecus prometheus". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 7 (2): 187–213. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330070204. PMID 18153088.
Dart, R. A. (1954). "The Second, or Adult, Female Mandible of Australopithecus prometheus". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 12 (3): 313–343. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330120308. PMID 13207328.
Dart, R. A. (1955). "Australopithecus prometheus and Telanthropus capensis". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 13 (1): 67–96. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330130107. PMID 14361659.
Clarke, R. J. (2008). "Latest information on Sterkfontein's Australopithecus skeleton and a new look at Australopithecus" (PDF). South African Journal of Science. 104 (11/12). doi:10.1590/S0038-23532008000600015.
Berger, L. R.; Hawks, J. D. (2018). "Australopithecus prometheus is a nomen nudum". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 168 (2): 383–387. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23743. PMID 30552667. S2CID 54582416.
Clarke, R. J.; Kuman, K. (2019). "The skull of StW 573, a 3.67 Ma Australopithecus prometheus skeleton from Sterkfontein Caves, South Africa". Journal of Human Evolution. 134: 102634. Bibcode:2019JHumE.13402634C. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.06.005. PMID 31446970. S2CID 201209318.
Heaton, J. L.; Pickering, T. R.; Carlson, K. J. (2019). "The Long Limb Bones of the StW 573 Australopithecus Skeleton from Sterkfontein Member 2: Descriptions and Proportions". Journal of Human Evolution. 133: 167–197. Bibcode:2019JHumE.133..167H. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.05.015. PMID 31358179. S2CID 198307810.
Berger, L. R.; Keyser, A. W.; Tobias, P. V. (1993). "Gladysvale: First early hominid site discovered in South Africa since 1948". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 92 (1): 107–111. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330920109. PMID 8238287.
Granger, Darryl E.; Stratford, Dominic; Bruxelles, Laurent; Gibbon, Ryan J.; Clarke, Ronald J.; Kuman, Kathleen (2022-07-05). "Cosmogenic nuclide dating of Australopithecus at Sterkfontein, South Africa". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (27): e2123516119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11923516G. doi:10.1073/pnas.2123516119. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 9271183. PMID 35759668.
Stratford, D. J.; Caruana, M. V. (2017). "The Long-Term Conservation of the Australopithecus-bearing Member 4 Excavation Walls at the Sterkfontein Caves, South Africa". Studies in Conservation. 63 (4): 201–214. doi:10.1080/00393630.2017.1307635. S2CID 194382216.
Johanson, D. C.; White, T. D. (1979). "A Systematic Assessment of Early African Hominids". Science. 203 (4378): 321–330. Bibcode:1979Sci...203..321J. doi:10.1126/science.104384. PMID 104384.
Wood, Bernard; Constantino, Paul (2007). "Paranthropus boisei: Fifty years of evidence and analysis". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 134 (Suppl 45): 119. doi:10.1002/ajpa.20732. PMID 18046746.
Schroeder, L.; Roseman, C. C.; Cheverud, J. M.; Ackermann, R. R. (2014). "Characterizing the Evolutionary Path(s) to Early Homo". PLOS ONE. 9 (12): e114307. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9k4307S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114307. PMC 4255019. PMID 25470780.
DeSilva, J. M.; Lesnik, J. J. (2008). "Brain size at birth throughout human evolution: A new method for estimating neonatal brain size in hominins". Journal of Human Evolution. 66 (5): 1064–1074. Bibcode:2008JHumE..55.1064D. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.07.008. PMID 18789811.
Beaudet, A.; Clarke, R. J.; Bruxelles, L.; et al. (2019). "The bony labyrinth of StW 573 ("Little Foot"): Implications for early hominin evolution and paleobiology". Journal of Human Evolution. 127: 67–80. Bibcode:2019JHumE.127...67B. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.12.002. PMID 30777359. S2CID 73466797.
Lockwood, C. A. (1999). "Sexual dimorphism in the face of Australopithecus africanus". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 108 (1): 97–127. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199901)108:1<97::AID-AJPA6>3.0.CO;2-O. PMID 9915304.
McHenry, H. M. (1992). "Body Size and Proportions in Early Hominids". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 87 (4): 407–431. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330870404. PMID 1580350.
Jungers, W. L.; Grabowski, M.; Hatala, K. G.; Richmond, B. G. (2016). "The evolution of body size and shape in the human career". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 371 (1698). doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0247. PMC 4920302. PMID 27298459.
McHenry, H. M. (1991). "Femoral Lengths and Stature in Plio-Pleistocene Hominids". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 85 (2): 149–158. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330850204. PMID 1882979.
Will, M.; Pablos, A.; Stock, J. T. (2017). "Long-term patterns of body mass and stature evolution within the hominin lineage". Royal Society Open Science. 4 (11): 171339. doi:10.1098/rsos.171339. PMC 5717693. PMID 29291118.
Crompton, R. H.; McClymont, J.; Thorpe, S. T.; Sellers, W.; et al. (2018). "Functional Anatomy, Biomechanical Performance Capabilities and Potential Niche of StW 573: an Australopithecus Skeleton (circa 3.67 Ma) From Sterkfontein Member 2, and its significance for The Last Common Ancestor of the African Apes and for Hominin Origin". bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/481556. S2CID 91802060.
Ward, C. V.; Nalley, T. K.; Spoor, F.; Tafforeau, P.; Alemseged, Z. (2017). "Thoracic Vertebral Count and Thoracolumbar Transition in Australopithecus afarensis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (23): 6000–6004. Bibcode:2017PNAS..114.6000W. doi:10.1073/pnas.1702229114. PMC 5468642. PMID 28533391.
Beaudet, A.; Clarke, R. J.; Heaton, J. L. (2020). "The atlas of StW 573 and the late emergence of human-like head mobility and brain metabolism". Scientific Reports. 10 (4285): 4285. Bibcode:2020NatSR..10.4285B. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-60837-2. PMC 7075956. PMID 32179760.
Whitcome, K. K.; Shapiro, L. J.; Lieberman, D. E. (2009). "Fetal load and the evolution of lumbar lordosis in bipedal hominins". Nature. 450 (7172): 1076. doi:10.1038/nature06342. PMID 18075592. S2CID 10158.
Berge, C.; Goularas, D. (2010). "A new reconstruction of Sts 14 pelvis (Australopithecus africanus) from computed tomography and three-dimensional modeling techniques". Journal of Human Evolution. 58 (3): 262–272. Bibcode:2010JHumE..58..262B. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.11.006. PMID 20138331.
Arias-Martorell, J.; Potau, J. M.; Bello-Hellegouarch, G.; Pérez-Pérez, A. (2015). "Like Father, Like Son: Assessment of the Morphological Affinities of A.L. 288–1 (A. afarensis), Sts 7 (A. africanus) and Omo 119–73–2718 (Australopithecus sp.) through a Three-Dimensional Shape Analysis of the Shoulder Joint". PLOS ONE. 10 (2): e0117408. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1017408A. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117408. PMC 4317181. PMID 25651542.
Skimmer, M. M.; Stephens, N. B.; et al. (2015). "Human-like hand use in Australopithecus africanus". Science. 347 (6220): 395–399. Bibcode:2015Sci...347..395S. doi:10.1126/science.1261735. PMID 25613885. S2CID 5485374.
Georgiou, L.; Dunmore, C. J.; Bardo, A. (2020). "Evidence for habitual climbing in a Pleistocene hominin in South Africa". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (15): 8416–8423. Bibcode:2020PNAS..117.8416G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1914481117. PMC 7165455. PMID 32229560.
Barak, M. M.; Lieberman, D. W.; Raichlen, D.; et al. (2013). "Trabecular Evidence for a Human-Like Gait in Australopithecus africanus". PLOS ONE. 8 (11): e77687. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...877687B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0077687. PMC 3818375. PMID 24223719.
Venkataraman, V. V.; Kraft, T. S.; Dominey, N. J. (2003). "Tree climbing and human evolution". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 110 (4): 1237–1242. doi:10.1073/pnas.1208717110. PMC 3557098. PMID 23277565.
DeSilva, J.; McNutt, E.; Benoit, J.; Zipfel, B. (2018). "One small step: A review of Plio-Pleistocene hominin foot evolution". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 168 (S67): 107–111. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23750. PMID 30575015.
Sponheimer, M.; Lee-Thorp, J. A. (2009). "Isotopic Evidence for the Diet of an Early Hominid, Australopithecus africanus". Science. 283 (5400): 568–570. doi:10.1126/science.283.5400.368. PMID 9888848.
van der Merwe, N. J.; Thackeray, J. F.; Lee-Thorp, J. A.; Luyt, J. (2003). "The carbon isotope ecology and diet of Australopithecus africanus at Sterkfontein, South Africa". Journal of Human Evolution. 44 (5): 581–597. Bibcode:2003JHumE..44..581V. doi:10.1016/S0047-2484(03)00050-2. PMID 12765619.
Strait, D. S.; Weber, G. W.; Neubauer, S.; et al. (2009). "The feeding biomechanics and dietary ecology of Australopithecus africanus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (7): 2124–2129. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.2124S. doi:10.1073/pnas.0808730106. PMC 2650119. PMID 19188607.
Towle, I.; Riga, A.; Irish, J. D.; et al. (2019). "Root caries on a Paranthropus robustus third molar from Drimolen" (PDF). American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 170 (2): 319–323. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23891. PMID 31265762. S2CID 195786562.
Towle, I.; Irish, J. D.; et al. (2019). "Dental caries in human evolution: frequency of carious lesions in South African fossil hominins". bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/597385. S2CID 132416831.
Towle, I. E.; Irish, J. D.; Elliot, M.; De Groote, I. (2018). "Root grooves on two adjacent anterior teeth of Australopithecus africanus". LJMU Research Online. 22: 163–167. doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2018.02.004. PMID 30126662. S2CID 52056962.
Joannes-Boyau, R.; Adams, J. W.; Austin, C. (2019). "Elemental signatures of Australopithecus africanus teeth reveal seasonal dietary stress". Nature. 572 (7767): 112–115. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1370-5. PMC 7359858. PMID 31308534.
Copeland SR; Sponheimer, Matt; De Ruiter, Darryl J.; Lee-Thorp, Julia A.; Codron, Daryl; Le Roux, Petrus J.; Grimes, Vaughan; Richards, Michael P.; et al. (2011). "Strontium isotope evidence for landscape use by early hominins". Nature. 474 (7349): 76–78. doi:10.1038/nature10149. PMID 21637256. S2CID 205225222.
Ripamonti, U. (1989). "The Hard Evidence of Alveolar Bone Loss in Early Hominids of Southern Africa". Journal of Periodontology. 60 (2): 118–120. doi:10.1902/jop.1989.60.2.118. PMID 2656976.
Ripamonti, U. (1988). "Paleopathology in Australopithecus africanus: A suggested case of a 3-million-year-old prepubertal periodontitis". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 76 (2): 197–210. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330760208. PMID 3137821.
Fisk, G. R.; Macho, G. A. (1992). "Evidence of a healed compression fracture in a Plio-Pleistocene hominid talus from Sterkfontein, South Africa". International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. 2 (4): 325–332. doi:10.1002/oa.1390020408.
Williams, F. L.; Patterson, J. W. (2010). "Reconstruction the Paleoecology of Taung, South Africa from Low Magnification of Dental Microwear Features in Fossil Primates". PALAIOS. 25 (7): 439–448. Bibcode:2010Palai..25..439W. doi:10.2110/palo.2009.p09-116r. S2CID 128689788.
Dávid-Barrett, T.; Dunbar, R. I. M. (2016). "Bipedality and hair loss in human evolution revisited: The impact of altitude and activity scheduling". Journal of Human Evolution. 94: 72–82. Bibcode:2016JHumE..94...72D. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.02.006. PMC 4874949. PMID 27178459.
O'Regan, H. J.; Reynolds, S. C. (2009). "An ecological reassessment of the southern African carnivore guild: a case study from Member 4, Sterkfontein, South Africa". Journal of Human Evolution. 57 (3): 212–222. Bibcode:2009JHumE..57..212O. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.04.002. PMID 19647856.
Berger, L. R. (2006). "Brief Communication: Predatory bird damage to the Taung type-skull of Australopithecus africanus Dart 1925". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 13 (2): 166–168. doi:10.1002/ajpa.20415. PMID 16739138.
Herries, A. I. R.; Martin, J. M.; et al. (2020). "Contemporaneity of Australopithecus, Paranthropus, and early Homo erectus in South Africa". Science. 368 (6486): eaaw7293. doi:10.1126/science.aaw7293. hdl:11568/1040368. PMID 32241925. S2CID 214763272.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Cela Conde, C. J.; Altaba, C. R. (2002). "Multiplying genera versus moving species: a new taxonomic proposal for the family Hominidae". South African Journal of Science. 98 (5–6): 229–232. hdl:10520/EJC97491.
Herries, A. I. R.; Martin, J. M.; et al. (2020). "Contemporaneity of Australopithecus, Paranthropus, and early Homo erectus in South Africa". Science. 368 (6486): eaaw7293. doi:10.1126/science.aaw7293. hdl:11568/1040368. PMID 32241925. S2CID 214763272.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Broom, R. (1938). "The Pleistocene Anthropoid Apes of South Africa". Nature. 142 (3591): 377–339. Bibcode:1938Natur.142..377B. doi:10.1038/142377a0.
Broom, R.; Robinson, J. T. (1947). "Further Remains of the Sterkfonstein Ape-Man, Plesianthropus". Nature. 160 (4065): 430. Bibcode:1947Natur.160R.430B. doi:10.1038/160430b0. PMID 20340514. S2CID 4078474.
Clarke, R. J.; Kuman, K. (2019). "The skull of StW 573, a 3.67 Ma Australopithecus prometheus skeleton from Sterkfontein Caves, South Africa". Journal of Human Evolution. 134: 102634. Bibcode:2019JHumE.13402634C. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.06.005. PMID 31446970. S2CID 201209318.
Heaton, J. L.; Pickering, T. R.; Carlson, K. J. (2019). "The Long Limb Bones of the StW 573 Australopithecus Skeleton from Sterkfontein Member 2: Descriptions and Proportions". Journal of Human Evolution. 133: 167–197. Bibcode:2019JHumE.133..167H. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.05.015. PMID 31358179. S2CID 198307810.
Granger, Darryl E.; Stratford, Dominic; Bruxelles, Laurent; Gibbon, Ryan J.; Clarke, Ronald J.; Kuman, Kathleen (2022-07-05). "Cosmogenic nuclide dating of Australopithecus at Sterkfontein, South Africa". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (27): e2123516119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11923516G. doi:10.1073/pnas.2123516119. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 9271183. PMID 35759668.
Johanson, D. C.; White, T. D. (1979). "A Systematic Assessment of Early African Hominids". Science. 203 (4378): 321–330. Bibcode:1979Sci...203..321J. doi:10.1126/science.104384. PMID 104384.
Schroeder, L.; Roseman, C. C.; Cheverud, J. M.; Ackermann, R. R. (2014). "Characterizing the Evolutionary Path(s) to Early Homo". PLOS ONE. 9 (12): e114307. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9k4307S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114307. PMC 4255019. PMID 25470780.
DeSilva, J. M.; Lesnik, J. J. (2008). "Brain size at birth throughout human evolution: A new method for estimating neonatal brain size in hominins". Journal of Human Evolution. 66 (5): 1064–1074. Bibcode:2008JHumE..55.1064D. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.07.008. PMID 18789811.
Beaudet, A.; Clarke, R. J.; Bruxelles, L.; et al. (2019). "The bony labyrinth of StW 573 ("Little Foot"): Implications for early hominin evolution and paleobiology". Journal of Human Evolution. 127: 67–80. Bibcode:2019JHumE.127...67B. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.12.002. PMID 30777359. S2CID 73466797.
Ward, C. V.; Nalley, T. K.; Spoor, F.; Tafforeau, P.; Alemseged, Z. (2017). "Thoracic Vertebral Count and Thoracolumbar Transition in Australopithecus afarensis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (23): 6000–6004. Bibcode:2017PNAS..114.6000W. doi:10.1073/pnas.1702229114. PMC 5468642. PMID 28533391.
Beaudet, A.; Clarke, R. J.; Heaton, J. L. (2020). "The atlas of StW 573 and the late emergence of human-like head mobility and brain metabolism". Scientific Reports. 10 (4285): 4285. Bibcode:2020NatSR..10.4285B. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-60837-2. PMC 7075956. PMID 32179760.
Berge, C.; Goularas, D. (2010). "A new reconstruction of Sts 14 pelvis (Australopithecus africanus) from computed tomography and three-dimensional modeling techniques". Journal of Human Evolution. 58 (3): 262–272. Bibcode:2010JHumE..58..262B. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.11.006. PMID 20138331.
Arias-Martorell, J.; Potau, J. M.; Bello-Hellegouarch, G.; Pérez-Pérez, A. (2015). "Like Father, Like Son: Assessment of the Morphological Affinities of A.L. 288–1 (A. afarensis), Sts 7 (A. africanus) and Omo 119–73–2718 (Australopithecus sp.) through a Three-Dimensional Shape Analysis of the Shoulder Joint". PLOS ONE. 10 (2): e0117408. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1017408A. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117408. PMC 4317181. PMID 25651542.
Skimmer, M. M.; Stephens, N. B.; et al. (2015). "Human-like hand use in Australopithecus africanus". Science. 347 (6220): 395–399. Bibcode:2015Sci...347..395S. doi:10.1126/science.1261735. PMID 25613885. S2CID 5485374.
Georgiou, L.; Dunmore, C. J.; Bardo, A. (2020). "Evidence for habitual climbing in a Pleistocene hominin in South Africa". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (15): 8416–8423. Bibcode:2020PNAS..117.8416G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1914481117. PMC 7165455. PMID 32229560.
Barak, M. M.; Lieberman, D. W.; Raichlen, D.; et al. (2013). "Trabecular Evidence for a Human-Like Gait in Australopithecus africanus". PLOS ONE. 8 (11): e77687. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...877687B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0077687. PMC 3818375. PMID 24223719.
van der Merwe, N. J.; Thackeray, J. F.; Lee-Thorp, J. A.; Luyt, J. (2003). "The carbon isotope ecology and diet of Australopithecus africanus at Sterkfontein, South Africa". Journal of Human Evolution. 44 (5): 581–597. Bibcode:2003JHumE..44..581V. doi:10.1016/S0047-2484(03)00050-2. PMID 12765619.
Strait, D. S.; Weber, G. W.; Neubauer, S.; et al. (2009). "The feeding biomechanics and dietary ecology of Australopithecus africanus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (7): 2124–2129. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.2124S. doi:10.1073/pnas.0808730106. PMC 2650119. PMID 19188607.
Williams, F. L.; Patterson, J. W. (2010). "Reconstruction the Paleoecology of Taung, South Africa from Low Magnification of Dental Microwear Features in Fossil Primates". PALAIOS. 25 (7): 439–448. Bibcode:2010Palai..25..439W. doi:10.2110/palo.2009.p09-116r. S2CID 128689788.
Dávid-Barrett, T.; Dunbar, R. I. M. (2016). "Bipedality and hair loss in human evolution revisited: The impact of altitude and activity scheduling". Journal of Human Evolution. 94: 72–82. Bibcode:2016JHumE..94...72D. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.02.006. PMC 4874949. PMID 27178459.
O'Regan, H. J.; Reynolds, S. C. (2009). "An ecological reassessment of the southern African carnivore guild: a case study from Member 4, Sterkfontein, South Africa". Journal of Human Evolution. 57 (3): 212–222. Bibcode:2009JHumE..57..212O. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.04.002. PMID 19647856.

nrs.harvard.edu

Whitcome, K. K.; Shapiro, L. J.; Lieberman, D. E. (2009). "Fetal load and the evolution of lumbar lordosis in bipedal hominins". Nature. 450 (7172): 1076. doi:10.1038/nature06342. PMID 18075592. S2CID 10158.

jstor.org

Tobias, P. V. (1998). "Ape-Like Australopithecus After Seventy Years: Was It a Hominid?". The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. 4 (2): 283–308. doi:10.2307/3034503. JSTOR 3034503.
Wolberg, D. L. (1970). "The Hypothesized Osteodontokeratic Culture of the Australopithecinae: A Look at the Evidence and the Opinions". Current Anthropology. 11 (1): 22–37. doi:10.1086/201087. JSTOR 2740696. S2CID 145545699.

ljmu.ac.uk

researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk

Towle, I. E.; Irish, J. D.; Elliot, M.; De Groote, I. (2018). "Root grooves on two adjacent anterior teeth of Australopithecus africanus". LJMU Research Online. 22: 163–167. doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2018.02.004. PMID 30126662. S2CID 52056962.

marshall.edu

mds.marshall.edu

Wood, Bernard; Constantino, Paul (2007). "Paranthropus boisei: Fifty years of evidence and analysis". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 134 (Suppl 45): 119. doi:10.1002/ajpa.20732. PMID 18046746.

miamioh.edu

users.miamioh.edu

Dart, R. A. (1953). "The Predatory Transition from Ape to Man". International Anthropological and Linguistic Review. 4 (4).

nature.com

McNulty, K. P. (2016). "Hominin Taxonomy and Phylogeny: What's In A Name?". Nature Education Knowledge. 7 (1): 2.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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Granger, Darryl E.; Stratford, Dominic; Bruxelles, Laurent; Gibbon, Ryan J.; Clarke, Ronald J.; Kuman, Kathleen (2022-07-05). "Cosmogenic nuclide dating of Australopithecus at Sterkfontein, South Africa". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (27): e2123516119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11923516G. doi:10.1073/pnas.2123516119. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 9271183. PMID 35759668.