Availability heuristic (English Wikipedia)

Schwarz, Norbert; Bless, Herbert; Strack, Fritz; Klumpp, Gisela; Rittenauer-Schatka, Helga; Simons, Annette (1991). "Ease of retrieval as information: Another look at the availability heuristic". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 61 (2): 195–202. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.195.
Chapman, L.J (1967). "Illusory correlation in observational report". Journal of Verbal Learning. 6: 151–155. doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(67)80066-5.
Tversky, Amos; Kahneman, Daniel (1973). "Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability". Cognitive Psychology. 5 (2): 207–232. doi:10.1016/0010-0285(73)90033-9. ISSN 0010-0285.
Vaughn, Leigh Ann (1999). "Effects of uncertainty on use of the availability of heuristic for self-efficacy judgments" (PDF). European Journal of Social Psychology. 29 (2/3): 407–410. doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0992(199903/05)29:2/3<407::aid-ejsp943>3.0.co;2-3. hdl:2027.42/34564.
Read, J.D. (1995). "The availability heuristic in person identification: The sometimes misleading consequences of enhanced contextual information". Applied Cognitive Psychology. 9 (2): 91–121. doi:10.1002/acp.2350090202.
Riddle, Karen (2010). "Always on My Mind: Exploring How Frequent, Recent, and Vivid Television Portrayals Are Used in the Formation of Social Reality Judgments". Media Psychology. 13 (2): 155–179. doi:10.1080/15213261003800140. S2CID 145074578.
Sjöberg, Lennart; Engelberg, Elisabeth (2010). "Risk Perception and Movies: A Study of Availability as a Factor in Risk Perception". Risk Analysis. 30 (1): 95–106. Bibcode:2010RiskA..30...95S. doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01335.x. ISSN 0272-4332. PMID 20055978. S2CID 10584667.
Heath, Linda; Acklin, Marvin; Wiley, Katherine (1991). "Cognitive Heuristics and AIDS Risk Assessment Among Physicians". Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 21 (22): 1859–1867. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1991.tb00509.x. ISSN 0021-9029.
Triplet, R.G (1992). "Discriminatory biases in the perception of illness: The application of availability and representativeness heuristics to the AIDS crisis". Basic and Applied Social Psychology. 13 (3): 303–322. doi:10.1207/s15324834basp1303_3.
Kliger, Doron; Kudryavtsev, Andrey (2010). "The Availability Heuristic and Investors' Reaction to Company-Specific Events". Journal of Behavioral Finance. 11 (1): 50–65. doi:10.1080/15427561003591116. ISSN 1542-7560. S2CID 154727453.
Lee, Byunghwan; O'Brien, John; Sivaramakrishnan, K. (2008). "An Analysis of Financial Analysts' Optimism in Long-term Growth Forecasts". Journal of Behavioral Finance. 9 (3): 171–184. doi:10.1080/15427560802341889. ISSN 1542-7560. S2CID 154169718.
Hayibor, Sefa; Wasieleski, David M. (2008). "Effects of the Use of the Availability Heuristic on Ethical Decision-Making in Organizations". Journal of Business Ethics. 84 (S1): 151–165. doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9690-7. ISSN 0167-4544. S2CID 144947312.
Fox, Craig R. (2006). "The availability heuristic in the classroom: How soliciting more criticism can boost your course ratings" (PDF). Judgment and Decision Making. 1 (1): 86–90. doi:10.1017/S1930297500000371. ISSN 1930-2975. S2CID 4466291.
Geurten, Marie; Willems, Sylvie; Germain, Sophie; Meulemans, Thierry (November 2015). "Less is more: The availability heuristic in early childhood". British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 33 (4): 405–410. doi:10.1111/bjdp.12114. hdl:2268/186448. PMID 26332945.
Stalans, Loretta J. (1993). "Citizens' crime stereotypes, biased recall, and punishment preferences in abstract cases: The educative role of interpersonal sources". Law and Human Behavior. 17 (4): 451–470. doi:10.1007/BF01044378. ISSN 1573-661X. S2CID 142611246.
Diamond, Shari Seidman; Stalans, Loretta J. (1989). "The myth of judicial leniency in sentencing". Behavioral Sciences & the Law. 7 (1): 73–89. doi:10.1002/bsl.2370070106. ISSN 0735-3936.
deTurck, M. A.; Texter, L. A.; Harszlak, J. J. (1989). "Effects of Information Processing Objectives on Judgments of Deception Following Perjury". Communication Research. 16 (3): 434–452. doi:10.1177/009365089016003006. ISSN 0093-6502. S2CID 145495112.
Carroll, John S. (1978). "The effect of imagining an event on expectations for the event: An interpretation in terms of the availability heuristic". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 14 (1): 88–96. doi:10.1016/0022-1031(78)90062-8. ISSN 0022-1031.
Pachur, Thorsten; Hertwig, Ralph; Steinmann, Florian (2012). "How do people judge risks: Availability heuristic, affect heuristic, or both?". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied. 18 (3): 314–330. doi:10.1037/a0028279. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0024-F052-7. ISSN 1939-2192. PMID 22564084.
Shedler, Jonathan; Manis, Melvin (1986). "Can the availability heuristic explain vividness effects?". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 51 (1): 26–36. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.1.26. ISSN 1939-1315.
Manis, Melvin; Jonides, Jonathan; Shedler, John; Nelson, Thomas (1993). "Availability Heuristic in Judgments of Set Size and Frequency of Occurrence". Journal of Personality & Social Psychology. 65 (3): 448–457. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.3.448.
Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D. (1974). "Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases". Science. 185 (4157): 1124–1131. Bibcode:1974Sci...185.1124T. doi:10.1126/science.185.4157.1124. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17835457. S2CID 143452957.
Wänke, Michaela; Schwarz, Norbert; Bless, Herbert (1995). "The availability heuristic revisited: Experienced ease of retrieval in mundane frequency estimates". Acta Psychologica. 89 (1): 83–90. doi:10.1016/0001-6918(93)E0072-A. ISSN 0001-6918.
Hulme, Charles; Roodenrys, Steven; Brown, Gordon; Mercer, Robin (1995). "The role of long-term memory mechanisms in memory span". British Journal of Psychology. 86 (4): 527–536. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1995.tb02570.x. ISSN 0007-1269.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Vaughn, Leigh Ann (1999). "Effects of uncertainty on use of the availability of heuristic for self-efficacy judgments" (PDF). European Journal of Social Psychology. 29 (2/3): 407–410. doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0992(199903/05)29:2/3<407::aid-ejsp943>3.0.co;2-3. hdl:2027.42/34564.
Geurten, Marie; Willems, Sylvie; Germain, Sophie; Meulemans, Thierry (November 2015). "Less is more: The availability heuristic in early childhood". British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 33 (4): 405–410. doi:10.1111/bjdp.12114. hdl:2268/186448. PMID 26332945.
Pachur, Thorsten; Hertwig, Ralph; Steinmann, Florian (2012). "How do people judge risks: Availability heuristic, affect heuristic, or both?". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied. 18 (3): 314–330. doi:10.1037/a0028279. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0024-F052-7. ISSN 1939-2192. PMID 22564084.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Sjöberg, Lennart; Engelberg, Elisabeth (2010). "Risk Perception and Movies: A Study of Availability as a Factor in Risk Perception". Risk Analysis. 30 (1): 95–106. Bibcode:2010RiskA..30...95S. doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01335.x. ISSN 0272-4332. PMID 20055978. S2CID 10584667.
Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D. (1974). "Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases". Science. 185 (4157): 1124–1131. Bibcode:1974Sci...185.1124T. doi:10.1126/science.185.4157.1124. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17835457. S2CID 143452957.

investopedia.com

Phung, Albert (February 25, 2009). "Behavioral Finance: Key Concept- Overreaction and Availability Bias". Investopedia. p. 10. Retrieved December 1, 2013.

mediaandsociety.org

"Media's Impact on Society – Media & Society Issues Explained". 27 February 2022. Retrieved 2022-11-14.

medium.com

tobiasrose.medium.com

This Is How Your Fear and Outrage Are Being Sold for Profit

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Sjöberg, Lennart; Engelberg, Elisabeth (2010). "Risk Perception and Movies: A Study of Availability as a Factor in Risk Perception". Risk Analysis. 30 (1): 95–106. Bibcode:2010RiskA..30...95S. doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01335.x. ISSN 0272-4332. PMID 20055978. S2CID 10584667.
Geurten, Marie; Willems, Sylvie; Germain, Sophie; Meulemans, Thierry (November 2015). "Less is more: The availability heuristic in early childhood". British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 33 (4): 405–410. doi:10.1111/bjdp.12114. hdl:2268/186448. PMID 26332945.
Pachur, Thorsten; Hertwig, Ralph; Steinmann, Florian (2012). "How do people judge risks: Availability heuristic, affect heuristic, or both?". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied. 18 (3): 314–330. doi:10.1037/a0028279. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0024-F052-7. ISSN 1939-2192. PMID 22564084.
Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D. (1974). "Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases". Science. 185 (4157): 1124–1131. Bibcode:1974Sci...185.1124T. doi:10.1126/science.185.4157.1124. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17835457. S2CID 143452957.

oxfordreference.com

"Availability Heuristic". Oxford Reference.

sandiegouniontribune.com

legacy.sandiegouniontribune.com

"Odds and ends - The San Diego Union-Tribune". legacy.sandiegouniontribune.com. Archived from the original on 2019-03-25.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Riddle, Karen (2010). "Always on My Mind: Exploring How Frequent, Recent, and Vivid Television Portrayals Are Used in the Formation of Social Reality Judgments". Media Psychology. 13 (2): 155–179. doi:10.1080/15213261003800140. S2CID 145074578.
Sjöberg, Lennart; Engelberg, Elisabeth (2010). "Risk Perception and Movies: A Study of Availability as a Factor in Risk Perception". Risk Analysis. 30 (1): 95–106. Bibcode:2010RiskA..30...95S. doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01335.x. ISSN 0272-4332. PMID 20055978. S2CID 10584667.
Kliger, Doron; Kudryavtsev, Andrey (2010). "The Availability Heuristic and Investors' Reaction to Company-Specific Events". Journal of Behavioral Finance. 11 (1): 50–65. doi:10.1080/15427561003591116. ISSN 1542-7560. S2CID 154727453.
Lee, Byunghwan; O'Brien, John; Sivaramakrishnan, K. (2008). "An Analysis of Financial Analysts' Optimism in Long-term Growth Forecasts". Journal of Behavioral Finance. 9 (3): 171–184. doi:10.1080/15427560802341889. ISSN 1542-7560. S2CID 154169718.
Hayibor, Sefa; Wasieleski, David M. (2008). "Effects of the Use of the Availability Heuristic on Ethical Decision-Making in Organizations". Journal of Business Ethics. 84 (S1): 151–165. doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9690-7. ISSN 0167-4544. S2CID 144947312.
Fox, Craig R. (2006). "The availability heuristic in the classroom: How soliciting more criticism can boost your course ratings" (PDF). Judgment and Decision Making. 1 (1): 86–90. doi:10.1017/S1930297500000371. ISSN 1930-2975. S2CID 4466291.
Stalans, Loretta J. (1993). "Citizens' crime stereotypes, biased recall, and punishment preferences in abstract cases: The educative role of interpersonal sources". Law and Human Behavior. 17 (4): 451–470. doi:10.1007/BF01044378. ISSN 1573-661X. S2CID 142611246.
deTurck, M. A.; Texter, L. A.; Harszlak, J. J. (1989). "Effects of Information Processing Objectives on Judgments of Deception Following Perjury". Communication Research. 16 (3): 434–452. doi:10.1177/009365089016003006. ISSN 0093-6502. S2CID 145495112.
Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D. (1974). "Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases". Science. 185 (4157): 1124–1131. Bibcode:1974Sci...185.1124T. doi:10.1126/science.185.4157.1124. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17835457. S2CID 143452957.

sjdm.org

journal.sjdm.org

Fox, Craig R. (2006). "The availability heuristic in the classroom: How soliciting more criticism can boost your course ratings" (PDF). Judgment and Decision Making. 1 (1): 86–90. doi:10.1017/S1930297500000371. ISSN 1930-2975. S2CID 4466291.

ssoar.info

Schwarz, Norbert; Bless, Herbert; Strack, Fritz; Klumpp, Gisela; Rittenauer-Schatka, Helga; Simons, Annette (1991). "Ease of retrieval as information: Another look at the availability heuristic". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 61 (2): 195–202. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.195.

uliege.be

orbi.uliege.be

Geurten, Marie; Willems, Sylvie; Germain, Sophie; Meulemans, Thierry (November 2015). "Less is more: The availability heuristic in early childhood". British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 33 (4): 405–410. doi:10.1111/bjdp.12114. hdl:2268/186448. PMID 26332945.

umich.edu

deepblue.lib.umich.edu

Vaughn, Leigh Ann (1999). "Effects of uncertainty on use of the availability of heuristic for self-efficacy judgments" (PDF). European Journal of Social Psychology. 29 (2/3): 407–410. doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0992(199903/05)29:2/3<407::aid-ejsp943>3.0.co;2-3. hdl:2027.42/34564.

web.archive.org

"Odds and ends - The San Diego Union-Tribune". legacy.sandiegouniontribune.com. Archived from the original on 2019-03-25.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Tversky, Amos; Kahneman, Daniel (1973). "Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability". Cognitive Psychology. 5 (2): 207–232. doi:10.1016/0010-0285(73)90033-9. ISSN 0010-0285.
Sjöberg, Lennart; Engelberg, Elisabeth (2010). "Risk Perception and Movies: A Study of Availability as a Factor in Risk Perception". Risk Analysis. 30 (1): 95–106. Bibcode:2010RiskA..30...95S. doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01335.x. ISSN 0272-4332. PMID 20055978. S2CID 10584667.
Heath, Linda; Acklin, Marvin; Wiley, Katherine (1991). "Cognitive Heuristics and AIDS Risk Assessment Among Physicians". Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 21 (22): 1859–1867. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1991.tb00509.x. ISSN 0021-9029.
Kliger, Doron; Kudryavtsev, Andrey (2010). "The Availability Heuristic and Investors' Reaction to Company-Specific Events". Journal of Behavioral Finance. 11 (1): 50–65. doi:10.1080/15427561003591116. ISSN 1542-7560. S2CID 154727453.
Lee, Byunghwan; O'Brien, John; Sivaramakrishnan, K. (2008). "An Analysis of Financial Analysts' Optimism in Long-term Growth Forecasts". Journal of Behavioral Finance. 9 (3): 171–184. doi:10.1080/15427560802341889. ISSN 1542-7560. S2CID 154169718.
Hayibor, Sefa; Wasieleski, David M. (2008). "Effects of the Use of the Availability Heuristic on Ethical Decision-Making in Organizations". Journal of Business Ethics. 84 (S1): 151–165. doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9690-7. ISSN 0167-4544. S2CID 144947312.
Fox, Craig R. (2006). "The availability heuristic in the classroom: How soliciting more criticism can boost your course ratings" (PDF). Judgment and Decision Making. 1 (1): 86–90. doi:10.1017/S1930297500000371. ISSN 1930-2975. S2CID 4466291.
Stalans, Loretta J. (1993). "Citizens' crime stereotypes, biased recall, and punishment preferences in abstract cases: The educative role of interpersonal sources". Law and Human Behavior. 17 (4): 451–470. doi:10.1007/BF01044378. ISSN 1573-661X. S2CID 142611246.
Diamond, Shari Seidman; Stalans, Loretta J. (1989). "The myth of judicial leniency in sentencing". Behavioral Sciences & the Law. 7 (1): 73–89. doi:10.1002/bsl.2370070106. ISSN 0735-3936.
deTurck, M. A.; Texter, L. A.; Harszlak, J. J. (1989). "Effects of Information Processing Objectives on Judgments of Deception Following Perjury". Communication Research. 16 (3): 434–452. doi:10.1177/009365089016003006. ISSN 0093-6502. S2CID 145495112.
Carroll, John S. (1978). "The effect of imagining an event on expectations for the event: An interpretation in terms of the availability heuristic". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 14 (1): 88–96. doi:10.1016/0022-1031(78)90062-8. ISSN 0022-1031.
Pachur, Thorsten; Hertwig, Ralph; Steinmann, Florian (2012). "How do people judge risks: Availability heuristic, affect heuristic, or both?". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied. 18 (3): 314–330. doi:10.1037/a0028279. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0024-F052-7. ISSN 1939-2192. PMID 22564084.
Shedler, Jonathan; Manis, Melvin (1986). "Can the availability heuristic explain vividness effects?". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 51 (1): 26–36. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.1.26. ISSN 1939-1315.
Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D. (1974). "Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases". Science. 185 (4157): 1124–1131. Bibcode:1974Sci...185.1124T. doi:10.1126/science.185.4157.1124. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17835457. S2CID 143452957.
Wänke, Michaela; Schwarz, Norbert; Bless, Herbert (1995). "The availability heuristic revisited: Experienced ease of retrieval in mundane frequency estimates". Acta Psychologica. 89 (1): 83–90. doi:10.1016/0001-6918(93)E0072-A. ISSN 0001-6918.
Hulme, Charles; Roodenrys, Steven; Brown, Gordon; Mercer, Robin (1995). "The role of long-term memory mechanisms in memory span". British Journal of Psychology. 86 (4): 527–536. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1995.tb02570.x. ISSN 0007-1269.