Azithromycin (English Wikipedia)

Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, Bartlett JG, Campbell GD, Dean NC, et al. (March 2007). "Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 44 (Suppl 2): S27-72. Bibcode:2007CliID..44S..27M. doi:10.1086/511159. PMC 7107997. PMID 17278083.
Durán-Álvarez JC, Prado B, Zanella R, Rodríguez M, Díaz S (November 2023). "Wastewater surveillance of pharmaceuticals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico City and the Mezquital Valley: A comprehensive environmental risk assessment". Sci Total Environ. 900 165886. Bibcode:2023ScTEn.90065886D. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165886. PMID 37524191. S2CID 260323001.

analysisgroup.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The acute effects of azithromycin use on cardiovascular mortality as compared with amoxicillin-clavulanate in US Veterans". www.analysisgroup.com. Retrieved 8 December 2025.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Greenwood D (2008). Antimicrobial drugs: chronicle of a twentieth century medical triumph (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 239. ISBN 978-0-19-953484-5. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016.
Alapi EM, Fischer J (2006). "Table of Selected Analogue Classes". In Fischer J, Ganellin CR (eds.). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. Weinheim: Wiley-Vch Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. p. 498. ISBN 978-3-527-31257-3. Archived from the original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2020.

canada.ca (Global: 1,114^th place; English: 605^th place)

health-products.canada.ca

"Zithromax Product information". Health Canada. 16 January 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2024.

canada.ca

"Drug and medical device highlights 2018: Helping you maintain and improve your health". Health Canada. 14 October 2020. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

cdc.gov (Global: 251^st place; English: 248^th place)

"Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions — United States, 2017" (PDF). U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 26 March 2020. Archived from the original on 30 March 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
"Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions — United States, 2022". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 15 November 2023. Archived from the original on 8 March 2024. Retrieved 17 November 2023.

chestnet.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

journal.chestnet.org

Gotfried MH (February 2004). "Macrolides for the treatment of chronic sinusitis, asthma, and COPD". Chest. 125 (2 Suppl): 52S–60S, quiz 60S-61S. doi:10.1378/chest.125.2_suppl.52S. PMID 14872001. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 22 March 2020.

clincalc.com (Global: 5,833^rd place; English: 4,432^nd place)

"Top 300 of 2023". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 August 2025. Retrieved 12 August 2025.
"Azithromycin Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023". ClinCalc. Retrieved 18 August 2025.
"The Top 300 of 2022". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 30 August 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.

deutschemedz.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Azithromycin Stops The Growth of Bacteria" (in German). Archived from the original on 12 May 2020. Retrieved 24 December 2017.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Dunker A, Kolanczyk DM, Maendel CM, Patel AR, Pettit NN (November 2016). "Impact of the FDA Warning for Azithromycin and Risk for QT Prolongation on Utilization at an Academic Medical Center". Hosp Pharm. 51 (10): 830–833. doi:10.1310/hpj5110-830. PMC 5135431. PMID 27928188.
Klapan I, Culig J, Oresković K, Matrapazovski M, Radosević S (1999). "Azithromycin versus amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of acute sinusitis". American Journal of Otolaryngology. 20 (1): 7–11. doi:10.1016/S0196-0709(99)90044-3. PMID 9950107. Retrieved 31 May 2024. In adults with acute sinusitis, a 3-day course of azithromycin was as effective and well tolerated as a 10-day course of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. A significantly simpler dosage regimen and faster clinical effect were the advantages of azithromycin.
Dawit G, Mequanent S, Makonnen E (2021). "Efficacy and safety of azithromycin and amoxicillin/clavulanate for otitis media in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials. 20 (1) 28. doi:10.1186/s12941-021-00434-x. PMC 8070272. PMID 33894769. Azithromycin is comparable to amoxicillin/clavulanate to treat otitis media in children, and it is safer and more tolerable.
Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, Bartlett JG, Campbell GD, Dean NC, et al. (March 2007). "Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 44 (Suppl 2): S27-72. Bibcode:2007CliID..44S..27M. doi:10.1086/511159. PMC 7107997. PMID 17278083.
Taylor SP, Sellers E, Taylor BT (December 2015). "Azithromycin for the Prevention of COPD Exacerbations: The Good, Bad, and Ugly". The American Journal of Medicine. 128 (12): 1362.e1–6. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.07.032. PMID 26291905.
Burton M, Habtamu E, Ho D, Gower EW (November 2015). "Interventions for trachoma trichiasis". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 11 (11) CD004008. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004008.pub3. PMC 4661324. PMID 26568232.
Simon L, Nguyen V (September 2018). "Pertussis: The Whooping Cough". Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice. 45 (3): 423–431. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2018.05.003. PMID 30115332.
Gupta N, Boodman C, Jouego CG, Van Den Broucke S (December 2023). "Doxycycline vs azithromycin in patients with scrub typhus: a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis". BMC Infect Dis. 23 (1) 884. doi:10.1186/s12879-023-08893-7. PMC 10726538. PMID 38110855.
Sybilski AJ (2020). "Azithromycin – more than an antibiotic". Pediatria I Medycyna Rodzinna. 16 (3): 261–267. doi:10.15557/PiMR.2020.0048.
Opitz DL, Harthan JS (2012). "Review of Azithromycin Ophthalmic 1% Solution (AzaSite) for the Treatment of Ocular Infections". Ophthalmol Eye Dis. 4 OED.S7791: 1–14. doi:10.4137/OED.S7791. PMC 3619494. PMID 23650453.
Wang H (September 2023). "Azithromycin exposure during pregnancy disturbs the fetal development and its characteristic of multi organ toxicity". Elseiver Life Sciences. 329 121985. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121985. PMID 37516432.
Chan M, Ghadieh C, Irfan I, Khair E, Padilla N, Rebeiro S, et al. (February 2024). "Exploring the influence of the microbiome on the pharmacology of anti-asthmatic drugs". Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol. 397 (2): 751–762. doi:10.1007/s00210-023-02681-5. PMC 10791706. PMID 37650889.
Simoens S, Laekeman G, Decramer M (May 2013). "Preventing COPD exacerbations with macrolides: a review and budget impact analysis". Respiratory Medicine. 107 (5): 637–48. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2012.12.019. PMID 23352223.
Gotfried MH (February 2004). "Macrolides for the treatment of chronic sinusitis, asthma, and COPD". Chest. 125 (2 Suppl): 52S–60S, quiz 60S-61S. doi:10.1378/chest.125.2_suppl.52S. PMID 14872001. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
Zarogoulidis P, Papanas N, Kioumis I, Chatzaki E, Maltezos E, Zarogoulidis K (May 2012). "Macrolides: from in vitro anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties to clinical practice in respiratory diseases". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 68 (5): 479–503. doi:10.1007/s00228-011-1161-x. PMID 22105373. S2CID 1904304.
Steel HC, Theron AJ, Cockeran R, Anderson R, Feldman C (2012). "Pathogen- and host-directed anti-inflammatory activities of macrolide antibiotics". Mediators of Inflammation. 2012 584262. doi:10.1155/2012/584262. PMC 3388425. PMID 22778497.
Mori F, Pecorari L, Pantano S, Rossi ME, Pucci N, De Martino M, et al. (2014). "Azithromycin anaphylaxis in children". International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology. 27 (1): 121–6. doi:10.1177/039463201402700116. PMID 24674687. S2CID 45729751.
Tilelli JA, Smith KM, Pettignano R (January 2006). "Life-threatening bradyarrhythmia after massive azithromycin overdose". Pharmacotherapy. 26 (1): 147–50. doi:10.1592/phco.2006.26.1.147. PMID 16506357. S2CID 43222966.
Ray WA, Murray KT, Hall K, Arbogast PG, Stein CM (May 2012). "Azithromycin and the risk of cardiovascular death". The New England Journal of Medicine. 366 (20): 1881–90. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1003833. PMC 3374857. PMID 22591294.
Tan MS, Gomez-Lumbreras A, Villa-Zapata L, Malone DC (December 2022). "Colchicine and macrolides: a cohort study of the risk of adverse outcomes associated with concomitant exposure". Rheumatol Int. 42 (12): 2253–2259. doi:10.1007/s00296-022-05201-5. PMC 9473467. PMID 36104598.
Zhang L, Xu X, Badawy S, Ihsan A, Liu Z, Xie C, et al. (2020). "A Review: Effects of Macrolides on CYP450 Enzymes". Curr Drug Metab. 21 (12): 928–937. doi:10.2174/1389200221666200817113920. PMID 32807049. S2CID 221162650. Archived from the original on 2 February 2024. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
Hougaard Christensen MM, Bruun Haastrup M, Øhlenschlaeger T, Esbech P, Arnspang Pedersen S, Bach Dunvald AC, et al. (April 2020). "Interaction potential between clarithromycin and individual statins-A systematic review" (PDF). Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 126 (4): 307–317. doi:10.1111/bcpt.13343. PMID 31628882. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 February 2024. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
Westphal JF (October 2000). "Macrolide - induced clinically relevant drug interactions with cytochrome P-450A (CYP) 3A4: an update focused on clarithromycin, azithromycin and dirithromycin". Br J Clin Pharmacol. 50 (4): 285–95. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2000.00261.x. PMC 2015000. PMID 11012550.
Sharma K, Mullangi R (2013). "A concise review of HPLC, LC-MS and LC-MS/MS methods for determination of azithromycin in various biological matrices". Biomedical Chromatography. 27 (10): 1243–1258. doi:10.1002/bmc.2898. PMID 23553351.
Derendorf H (June 2020). "Excessive lysosomal ion-trapping of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin". Int J Antimicrob Agents. 55 (6) 106007. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106007. PMC 7204663. PMID 32389720.
Bekele LK, Gebeyehu GG (2012). "Application of Different Analytical Techniques and Microbiological Assays for the Analysis of Macrolide Antibiotics from Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Biological Matrices". ISRN Analytical Chemistry. 2012: 1–17. doi:10.5402/2012/859473.
Hicks LA, Taylor TH, Hunkler RJ (April 2013). "U.S. outpatient antibiotic prescribing, 2010". The New England Journal of Medicine. 368 (15): 1461–2. doi:10.1056/NEJMc1212055. PMID 23574140.
Hicks LA, Taylor TH, Hunkler RJ (September 2013). "More on U.S. outpatient antibiotic prescribing, 2010". The New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (12): 1175–6. doi:10.1056/NEJMc1306863. PMID 24047077.
Lim DJ, Thompson HM, Walz CR, Ayinala S, Skinner D, Zhang S, et al. (February 2021). "Azithromycin and ciprofloxacin inhibit interleukin-8 secretion without disrupting human sinonasal epithelial integrity in vitro". Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 11 (2): 136–143. doi:10.1002/alr.22656. PMC 7854841. PMID 32725797.
Yadav S, Dalai P, Gowda S, Nivsarkar M, Agrawal-Rajput R (October 2023). "Azithromycin alters Colony Stimulating Factor-1R (CSF-1R) expression and functional output of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages: A novel report". Int Immunopharmacol. 123 110688. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110688. PMID 37499396. S2CID 260186900.
Wang Z, Chu C, Ding Y, Li Y, Lu C (September 2023). "Clinical significance of serum microRNA-146a and inflammatory factors in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia after azithromycin treatment". J Pediatr (Rio J). 100 (1): 108–115. doi:10.1016/j.jped.2023.06.004. PMC 10751685. PMID 37778397. S2CID 263253426.
Terpstra LC, Altenburg J, Doodeman HJ, Piñeros YS, Lutter R, Heijerman HG, et al. (April 2023). "The effect of azithromycin on sputum inflammatory markers in bronchiectasis". BMC Pulm Med. 23 (1) 151. doi:10.1186/s12890-023-02444-1. PMC 10148509. PMID 37118704.
Wu S, Tian X, Mao Q, Peng C (January 2023). "Azithromycin attenuates wheezing after pulmonary inflammation through inhibiting histone H3K27me3 hypermethylation mediated by EZH2". Clin Epigenetics. 15 (1) 12. doi:10.1186/s13148-023-01430-y. PMC 9872437. PMID 36691058.
Bakar O, Demirçay Z, Yuksel M, Haklar G, Sanisoglu Y (March 2007). "The effect of azithromycin on reactive oxygen species in rosacea". Clin Exp Dermatol. 32 (2): 197–200. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02322.x. PMID 17244346. S2CID 30016695.
Ersoy B, Aktan B, Kilic K, Sakat MS, Sipal S (July 2018). "The anti-inflammatory effects of erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin and roxithromycin on histamine-induced otitis media with effusion in guinea pigs". J Laryngol Otol. 132 (7): 579–583. doi:10.1017/S0022215118000610. PMID 29888693. S2CID 47010752.
Durán-Álvarez JC, Prado B, Zanella R, Rodríguez M, Díaz S (November 2023). "Wastewater surveillance of pharmaceuticals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico City and the Mezquital Valley: A comprehensive environmental risk assessment". Sci Total Environ. 900 165886. Bibcode:2023ScTEn.90065886D. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165886. PMID 37524191. S2CID 260323001.
Southern KW, Barker PM (November 2004). "Azithromycin for cystic fibrosis". Eur Respir J. 24 (5): 834–8. doi:10.1183/09031936.04.00084304. PMID 15516680. S2CID 17778741.
"Azithromycin and cystic fibrosis". Arch Dis Child. 107 (8): 739. August 2022. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2022-324569. PMID 35853636. S2CID 250624603.
Ghimire JJ, Jat KR, Sankar J, Lodha R, Iyer VK, Gautam H, et al. (June 2022). "Azithromycin for Poorly Controlled Asthma in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Chest. 161 (6): 1456–1464. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2022.02.025. PMID 35202621. S2CID 247074537.
Gibson PG, Yang IA, Upham JW, Reynolds PN, Hodge S, James AL, et al. (August 2017). "Effect of azithromycin on asthma exacerbations and quality of life in adults with persistent uncontrolled asthma (AMAZES): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial". Lancet. 390 (10095): 659–668. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31281-3. hdl:1959.4/unsworks_46370. PMID 28687413. S2CID 4523731.
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drugs.com (Global: 529^th place; English: 550^th place)

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eurekaselect.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Zhang L, Xu X, Badawy S, Ihsan A, Liu Z, Xie C, et al. (2020). "A Review: Effects of Macrolides on CYP450 Enzymes". Curr Drug Metab. 21 (12): 928–937. doi:10.2174/1389200221666200817113920. PMID 32807049. S2CID 221162650. Archived from the original on 2 February 2024. Retrieved 2 February 2024.

europa.eu (Global: 62^nd place; English: 100^th place)

ema.europa.eu

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fda.gov (Global: 470^th place; English: 329^th place)

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fkit.hr (Global: low place; English: low place)

pierre.fkit.hr

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hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Organization WH (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
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Gibson PG, Yang IA, Upham JW, Reynolds PN, Hodge S, James AL, et al. (August 2017). "Effect of azithromycin on asthma exacerbations and quality of life in adults with persistent uncontrolled asthma (AMAZES): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial". Lancet. 390 (10095): 659–668. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31281-3. hdl:1959.4/unsworks_46370. PMID 28687413. S2CID 4523731.

medicines.org.uk (Global: 4,892^nd place; English: 3,451^st place)

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nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Dunker A, Kolanczyk DM, Maendel CM, Patel AR, Pettit NN (November 2016). "Impact of the FDA Warning for Azithromycin and Risk for QT Prolongation on Utilization at an Academic Medical Center". Hosp Pharm. 51 (10): 830–833. doi:10.1310/hpj5110-830. PMC 5135431. PMID 27928188.
Klapan I, Culig J, Oresković K, Matrapazovski M, Radosević S (1999). "Azithromycin versus amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of acute sinusitis". American Journal of Otolaryngology. 20 (1): 7–11. doi:10.1016/S0196-0709(99)90044-3. PMID 9950107. Retrieved 31 May 2024. In adults with acute sinusitis, a 3-day course of azithromycin was as effective and well tolerated as a 10-day course of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. A significantly simpler dosage regimen and faster clinical effect were the advantages of azithromycin.
Dawit G, Mequanent S, Makonnen E (2021). "Efficacy and safety of azithromycin and amoxicillin/clavulanate for otitis media in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials. 20 (1) 28. doi:10.1186/s12941-021-00434-x. PMC 8070272. PMID 33894769. Azithromycin is comparable to amoxicillin/clavulanate to treat otitis media in children, and it is safer and more tolerable.
Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, Bartlett JG, Campbell GD, Dean NC, et al. (March 2007). "Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 44 (Suppl 2): S27-72. Bibcode:2007CliID..44S..27M. doi:10.1086/511159. PMC 7107997. PMID 17278083.
Randel A (September 2013). "IDSA Updates Guideline for Managing Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis". American Family Physician. 88 (5): 338–40. PMID 24010402.
Taylor SP, Sellers E, Taylor BT (December 2015). "Azithromycin for the Prevention of COPD Exacerbations: The Good, Bad, and Ugly". The American Journal of Medicine. 128 (12): 1362.e1–6. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.07.032. PMID 26291905.
Burton M, Habtamu E, Ho D, Gower EW (November 2015). "Interventions for trachoma trichiasis". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 11 (11) CD004008. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004008.pub3. PMC 4661324. PMID 26568232.
Simon L, Nguyen V (September 2018). "Pertussis: The Whooping Cough". Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice. 45 (3): 423–431. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2018.05.003. PMID 30115332.
Gupta N, Boodman C, Jouego CG, Van Den Broucke S (December 2023). "Doxycycline vs azithromycin in patients with scrub typhus: a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis". BMC Infect Dis. 23 (1) 884. doi:10.1186/s12879-023-08893-7. PMC 10726538. PMID 38110855.
Opitz DL, Harthan JS (2012). "Review of Azithromycin Ophthalmic 1% Solution (AzaSite) for the Treatment of Ocular Infections". Ophthalmol Eye Dis. 4 OED.S7791: 1–14. doi:10.4137/OED.S7791. PMC 3619494. PMID 23650453.
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dailymed.nlm.nih.gov

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evidence.nihr.ac.uk

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nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

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researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

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sciencedirect.com (Global: 137^th place; English: 146^th place)

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semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

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Azithromycin (English Wikipedia)

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