Base pair (English Wikipedia)

Scott MP, Matsudaira P, Lodish H, Darnell J, Zipursky L, Kaiser CA, Berk A, Krieger M (2004). Molecular Cell Biology (Fifth ed.). San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. p. 396. ISBN 978-0-7167-4366-8. ...in humans 1 centimorgan on average represents a distance of about 7.5x10⁵ base pairs.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Spencer M (10 January 1959). "The stereochemistry of deoxyribonucleic acid. II. Hydrogen-bonded pairs of bases". Acta Crystallographica. 12 (1): 66–71. Bibcode:1959AcCry..12...66S. doi:10.1107/S0365110X59000160. ISSN 0365-110X.
Zhurkin VB, Tolstorukov MY, Xu F, Colasanti AV, Olson WK (2005). "Sequence-Dependent Variability of B-DNA". DNA Conformation and Transcription. pp. 18–34. doi:10.1007/0-387-29148-2_2. ISBN 978-0-387-25579-8.
International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (October 2004). "Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome". Nature. 431 (7011): 931–945. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..931H. doi:10.1038/nature03001. PMID 15496913.
Cockburn AF, Newkirk MJ, Firtel RA (December 1976). "Organization of the ribosomal RNA genes of Dictyostelium discoideum: mapping of the nontranscribed spacer regions". Cell. 9 (4 Pt 1): 605–613. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(76)90043-X. PMID 1034500. S2CID 31624366.
IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (1970). "Abbreviations and symbols for nucleic acids, polynucleotides, and their constituents". Biochemistry. 9 (20): 4022–4027. doi:10.1021/bi00822a023.
Yakovchuk P, Protozanova E, Frank-Kamenetskii MD (2006-01-30). "Base-stacking and base-pairing contributions into thermal stability of the DNA double helix". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (2): 564–574. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj454. PMC 1360284. PMID 16449200.
Nikolova EN, Kim E, Wise AA, O'Brien PJ, Andricioaei I, Al-Hashimi HM (February 2011). "Transient Hoogsteen base pairs in canonical duplex DNA". Nature. 470 (7335): 498–502. Bibcode:2011Natur.470..498N. doi:10.1038/nature09775. PMC 3074620. PMID 21270796.
Murphy FV, Ramakrishnan V (December 2004). "Structure of a purine-purine wobble base pair in the decoding center of the ribosome". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 11 (12): 1251–1252. doi:10.1038/nsmb866. PMID 15558050. S2CID 27022506.
Vargas-Rodriguez O, Musier-Forsyth K (June 2014). "Structural biology: wobble puts RNA on target". Nature. 510 (7506): 480–481. Bibcode:2014Natur.510..480V. doi:10.1038/nature13502. PMID 24919145. S2CID 205239383.
Garg A, Heinemann U (February 2018). "A novel form of RNA double helix based on G·U and C·A⁺ wobble base pairing". RNA. 24 (2): 209–218. doi:10.1261/rna.064048.117. PMC 5769748. PMID 29122970.
Aishima J, Gitti RK, Noah JE, Gan HH, Schlick T, Wolberger C (December 2002). "A Hoogsteen base pair embedded in undistorted B-DNA". Nucleic Acids Research. 30 (23): 5244–5252. doi:10.1093/nar/gkf661. PMC 137974. PMID 12466549.
Zagryadskaya EI, Doyon FR, Steinberg SV (July 2003). "Importance of the reverse Hoogsteen base pair 54-58 for tRNA function". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (14): 3946–53. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg448. PMC 165963. PMID 12853610.
Leontis NB, Westhof E (June 2003). "Analysis of RNA motifs". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 13 (3): 300–308. doi:10.1016/S0959-440X(03)00076-9. PMID 12831880.
Putnam CD (September 2021). "Strand discrimination in DNA mismatch repair". DNA Repair. 105 103161. doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103161. PMC 8785607. PMID 34171627.
Trautner TA, Swartz MN, Kornberg A (March 1962). "Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. X. Influence of bromouracil substitutions on replication". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 48 (3): 449–455. Bibcode:1962PNAS...48..449T. doi:10.1073/pnas.48.3.449. PMC 220799. PMID 13922323.
Yang Z, Chen F, Alvarado JB, Benner SA (September 2011). "Amplification, mutation, and sequencing of a six-letter synthetic genetic system". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 133 (38): 15105–15112. Bibcode:2011JAChS.13315105Y. doi:10.1021/ja204910n. PMC 3427765. PMID 21842904.
Yamashige R, Kimoto M, Takezawa Y, Sato A, Mitsui T, Yokoyama S, Hirao I (March 2012). "Highly specific unnatural base pair systems as a third base pair for PCR amplification". Nucleic Acids Research. 40 (6): 2793–2806. doi:10.1093/nar/gkr1068. PMC 3315302. PMID 22121213.
Malyshev DA, Dhami K, Quach HT, Lavergne T, Ordoukhanian P, Torkamani A, Romesberg FE (July 2012). "Efficient and sequence-independent replication of DNA containing a third base pair establishes a functional six-letter genetic alphabet". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 109 (30): 12005–12010. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10912005M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1205176109. PMC 3409741. PMID 22773812.
Takezawa Y, Müller J, Shionoya M (2017-05-05). "Artificial DNA Base Pairing Mediated by Diverse Metal Ions". Chemistry Letters. 46 (5): 622–633. doi:10.1246/cl.160985. ISSN 0366-7022.
Switzer C, Moroney SE, Benner SA (1989). "Enzymatic incorporation of a new base pair into DNA and RNA". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111 (21): 8322–8323. Bibcode:1989JAChS.111.8322S. doi:10.1021/ja00203a067.
Hirao I, Ohtsuki T, Fujiwara T, Mitsui T, Yokogawa T, Okuni T, et al. (February 2002). "An unnatural base pair for incorporating amino acid analogs into proteins". Nature Biotechnology. 20 (2): 177–182. doi:10.1038/nbt0202-177. PMID 11821864. S2CID 22055476.
Hirao I, Kimoto M, Mitsui T, Fujiwara T, Kawai R, Sato A, et al. (September 2006). "An unnatural hydrophobic base pair system: site-specific incorporation of nucleotide analogs into DNA and RNA". Nature Methods. 3 (9): 729–735. doi:10.1038/nmeth915. PMID 16929319. S2CID 6494156.
Kimoto M, Kawai R, Mitsui T, Yokoyama S, Hirao I (February 2009). "An unnatural base pair system for efficient PCR amplification and functionalization of DNA molecules". Nucleic Acids Research. 37 (2): e14. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn956. PMC 2632903. PMID 19073696.
Kimoto M, Yamashige R, Matsunaga K, Yokoyama S, Hirao I (May 2013). "Generation of high-affinity DNA aptamers using an expanded genetic alphabet". Nature Biotechnology. 31 (5): 453–457. doi:10.1038/nbt.2556. PMID 23563318. S2CID 23329867.
Malyshev DA, Dhami K, Lavergne T, Chen T, Dai N, Foster JM, et al. (May 2014). "A semi-synthetic organism with an expanded genetic alphabet". Nature. 509 (7500): 385–388. Bibcode:2014Natur.509..385M. doi:10.1038/nature13314. PMC 4058825. PMID 24805238.
Vendeix, FA; Munoz, AM; Agris, PF (December 2009). "Free energy calculation of modified base-pair formation in explicit solvent: A predictive model". RNA. 15 (12): 2278–87. doi:10.1261/rna.1734309. PMC 2779691. PMID 19861423.

foxnews.com (Global: 152^nd place; English: 120^th place)

"Scientists create first living organism containing artificial DNA". The Wall Street Journal. Fox News. May 8, 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2014.

genome.gov (Global: 9,308^th place; English: 8,899^th place)

"One copy of the human genome consists of approximately 3 billion base pairs of DNA". National Human Genome Research Institute. 2024-08-24.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

Nuwer R (18 July 2015). "Counting All the DNA on Earth". The New York Times. New York. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2022-01-01. Retrieved 2015-07-18.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Spencer M (10 January 1959). "The stereochemistry of deoxyribonucleic acid. II. Hydrogen-bonded pairs of bases". Acta Crystallographica. 12 (1): 66–71. Bibcode:1959AcCry..12...66S. doi:10.1107/S0365110X59000160. ISSN 0365-110X.
International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (October 2004). "Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome". Nature. 431 (7011): 931–945. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..931H. doi:10.1038/nature03001. PMID 15496913.
Nikolova EN, Kim E, Wise AA, O'Brien PJ, Andricioaei I, Al-Hashimi HM (February 2011). "Transient Hoogsteen base pairs in canonical duplex DNA". Nature. 470 (7335): 498–502. Bibcode:2011Natur.470..498N. doi:10.1038/nature09775. PMC 3074620. PMID 21270796.
Vargas-Rodriguez O, Musier-Forsyth K (June 2014). "Structural biology: wobble puts RNA on target". Nature. 510 (7506): 480–481. Bibcode:2014Natur.510..480V. doi:10.1038/nature13502. PMID 24919145. S2CID 205239383.
Trautner TA, Swartz MN, Kornberg A (March 1962). "Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. X. Influence of bromouracil substitutions on replication". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 48 (3): 449–455. Bibcode:1962PNAS...48..449T. doi:10.1073/pnas.48.3.449. PMC 220799. PMID 13922323.
Yang Z, Chen F, Alvarado JB, Benner SA (September 2011). "Amplification, mutation, and sequencing of a six-letter synthetic genetic system". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 133 (38): 15105–15112. Bibcode:2011JAChS.13315105Y. doi:10.1021/ja204910n. PMC 3427765. PMID 21842904.
Malyshev DA, Dhami K, Quach HT, Lavergne T, Ordoukhanian P, Torkamani A, Romesberg FE (July 2012). "Efficient and sequence-independent replication of DNA containing a third base pair establishes a functional six-letter genetic alphabet". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 109 (30): 12005–12010. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10912005M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1205176109. PMC 3409741. PMID 22773812.
Switzer C, Moroney SE, Benner SA (1989). "Enzymatic incorporation of a new base pair into DNA and RNA". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111 (21): 8322–8323. Bibcode:1989JAChS.111.8322S. doi:10.1021/ja00203a067.
Malyshev DA, Dhami K, Lavergne T, Chen T, Dai N, Foster JM, et al. (May 2014). "A semi-synthetic organism with an expanded genetic alphabet". Nature. 509 (7500): 385–388. Bibcode:2014Natur.509..385M. doi:10.1038/nature13314. PMC 4058825. PMID 24805238.

huffingtonpost.com (Global: 109^th place; English: 87^th place)

Callaway E (May 7, 2014). "Scientists Create First Living Organism With 'Artificial' DNA". Nature News. Huffington Post. Retrieved 8 May 2014.

iucr.org (Global: low place; English: 9,593^rd place)

scripts.iucr.org

Spencer M (10 January 1959). "The stereochemistry of deoxyribonucleic acid. II. Hydrogen-bonded pairs of bases". Acta Crystallographica. 12 (1): 66–71. Bibcode:1959AcCry..12...66S. doi:10.1107/S0365110X59000160. ISSN 0365-110X.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (October 2004). "Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome". Nature. 431 (7011): 931–945. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..931H. doi:10.1038/nature03001. PMID 15496913.
Cockburn AF, Newkirk MJ, Firtel RA (December 1976). "Organization of the ribosomal RNA genes of Dictyostelium discoideum: mapping of the nontranscribed spacer regions". Cell. 9 (4 Pt 1): 605–613. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(76)90043-X. PMID 1034500. S2CID 31624366.
Yakovchuk P, Protozanova E, Frank-Kamenetskii MD (2006-01-30). "Base-stacking and base-pairing contributions into thermal stability of the DNA double helix". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (2): 564–574. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj454. PMC 1360284. PMID 16449200.
Nikolova EN, Kim E, Wise AA, O'Brien PJ, Andricioaei I, Al-Hashimi HM (February 2011). "Transient Hoogsteen base pairs in canonical duplex DNA". Nature. 470 (7335): 498–502. Bibcode:2011Natur.470..498N. doi:10.1038/nature09775. PMC 3074620. PMID 21270796.
Murphy FV, Ramakrishnan V (December 2004). "Structure of a purine-purine wobble base pair in the decoding center of the ribosome". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 11 (12): 1251–1252. doi:10.1038/nsmb866. PMID 15558050. S2CID 27022506.
Vargas-Rodriguez O, Musier-Forsyth K (June 2014). "Structural biology: wobble puts RNA on target". Nature. 510 (7506): 480–481. Bibcode:2014Natur.510..480V. doi:10.1038/nature13502. PMID 24919145. S2CID 205239383.
Garg A, Heinemann U (February 2018). "A novel form of RNA double helix based on G·U and C·A⁺ wobble base pairing". RNA. 24 (2): 209–218. doi:10.1261/rna.064048.117. PMC 5769748. PMID 29122970.
Aishima J, Gitti RK, Noah JE, Gan HH, Schlick T, Wolberger C (December 2002). "A Hoogsteen base pair embedded in undistorted B-DNA". Nucleic Acids Research. 30 (23): 5244–5252. doi:10.1093/nar/gkf661. PMC 137974. PMID 12466549.
Zagryadskaya EI, Doyon FR, Steinberg SV (July 2003). "Importance of the reverse Hoogsteen base pair 54-58 for tRNA function". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (14): 3946–53. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg448. PMC 165963. PMID 12853610.
Leontis NB, Westhof E (June 2003). "Analysis of RNA motifs". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 13 (3): 300–308. doi:10.1016/S0959-440X(03)00076-9. PMID 12831880.
Putnam CD (September 2021). "Strand discrimination in DNA mismatch repair". DNA Repair. 105 103161. doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103161. PMC 8785607. PMID 34171627.
Trautner TA, Swartz MN, Kornberg A (March 1962). "Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. X. Influence of bromouracil substitutions on replication". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 48 (3): 449–455. Bibcode:1962PNAS...48..449T. doi:10.1073/pnas.48.3.449. PMC 220799. PMID 13922323.
Yang Z, Chen F, Alvarado JB, Benner SA (September 2011). "Amplification, mutation, and sequencing of a six-letter synthetic genetic system". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 133 (38): 15105–15112. Bibcode:2011JAChS.13315105Y. doi:10.1021/ja204910n. PMC 3427765. PMID 21842904.
Yamashige R, Kimoto M, Takezawa Y, Sato A, Mitsui T, Yokoyama S, Hirao I (March 2012). "Highly specific unnatural base pair systems as a third base pair for PCR amplification". Nucleic Acids Research. 40 (6): 2793–2806. doi:10.1093/nar/gkr1068. PMC 3315302. PMID 22121213.
Malyshev DA, Dhami K, Quach HT, Lavergne T, Ordoukhanian P, Torkamani A, Romesberg FE (July 2012). "Efficient and sequence-independent replication of DNA containing a third base pair establishes a functional six-letter genetic alphabet". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 109 (30): 12005–12010. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10912005M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1205176109. PMC 3409741. PMID 22773812.
Hirao I, Ohtsuki T, Fujiwara T, Mitsui T, Yokogawa T, Okuni T, et al. (February 2002). "An unnatural base pair for incorporating amino acid analogs into proteins". Nature Biotechnology. 20 (2): 177–182. doi:10.1038/nbt0202-177. PMID 11821864. S2CID 22055476.
Hirao I, Kimoto M, Mitsui T, Fujiwara T, Kawai R, Sato A, et al. (September 2006). "An unnatural hydrophobic base pair system: site-specific incorporation of nucleotide analogs into DNA and RNA". Nature Methods. 3 (9): 729–735. doi:10.1038/nmeth915. PMID 16929319. S2CID 6494156.
Kimoto M, Kawai R, Mitsui T, Yokoyama S, Hirao I (February 2009). "An unnatural base pair system for efficient PCR amplification and functionalization of DNA molecules". Nucleic Acids Research. 37 (2): e14. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn956. PMC 2632903. PMID 19073696.
Kimoto M, Yamashige R, Matsunaga K, Yokoyama S, Hirao I (May 2013). "Generation of high-affinity DNA aptamers using an expanded genetic alphabet". Nature Biotechnology. 31 (5): 453–457. doi:10.1038/nbt.2556. PMID 23563318. S2CID 23329867.
Malyshev DA, Dhami K, Lavergne T, Chen T, Dai N, Foster JM, et al. (May 2014). "A semi-synthetic organism with an expanded genetic alphabet". Nature. 509 (7500): 385–388. Bibcode:2014Natur.509..385M. doi:10.1038/nature13314. PMC 4058825. PMID 24805238.
Vendeix, FA; Munoz, AM; Agris, PF (December 2009). "Free energy calculation of modified base-pair formation in explicit solvent: A predictive model". RNA. 15 (12): 2278–87. doi:10.1261/rna.1734309. PMC 2779691. PMID 19861423.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Yakovchuk P, Protozanova E, Frank-Kamenetskii MD (2006-01-30). "Base-stacking and base-pairing contributions into thermal stability of the DNA double helix". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (2): 564–574. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj454. PMC 1360284. PMID 16449200.
Nikolova EN, Kim E, Wise AA, O'Brien PJ, Andricioaei I, Al-Hashimi HM (February 2011). "Transient Hoogsteen base pairs in canonical duplex DNA". Nature. 470 (7335): 498–502. Bibcode:2011Natur.470..498N. doi:10.1038/nature09775. PMC 3074620. PMID 21270796.
Garg A, Heinemann U (February 2018). "A novel form of RNA double helix based on G·U and C·A⁺ wobble base pairing". RNA. 24 (2): 209–218. doi:10.1261/rna.064048.117. PMC 5769748. PMID 29122970.
Aishima J, Gitti RK, Noah JE, Gan HH, Schlick T, Wolberger C (December 2002). "A Hoogsteen base pair embedded in undistorted B-DNA". Nucleic Acids Research. 30 (23): 5244–5252. doi:10.1093/nar/gkf661. PMC 137974. PMID 12466549.
Zagryadskaya EI, Doyon FR, Steinberg SV (July 2003). "Importance of the reverse Hoogsteen base pair 54-58 for tRNA function". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (14): 3946–53. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg448. PMC 165963. PMID 12853610.
Putnam CD (September 2021). "Strand discrimination in DNA mismatch repair". DNA Repair. 105 103161. doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103161. PMC 8785607. PMID 34171627.
Trautner TA, Swartz MN, Kornberg A (March 1962). "Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. X. Influence of bromouracil substitutions on replication". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 48 (3): 449–455. Bibcode:1962PNAS...48..449T. doi:10.1073/pnas.48.3.449. PMC 220799. PMID 13922323.
Yang Z, Chen F, Alvarado JB, Benner SA (September 2011). "Amplification, mutation, and sequencing of a six-letter synthetic genetic system". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 133 (38): 15105–15112. Bibcode:2011JAChS.13315105Y. doi:10.1021/ja204910n. PMC 3427765. PMID 21842904.
Yamashige R, Kimoto M, Takezawa Y, Sato A, Mitsui T, Yokoyama S, Hirao I (March 2012). "Highly specific unnatural base pair systems as a third base pair for PCR amplification". Nucleic Acids Research. 40 (6): 2793–2806. doi:10.1093/nar/gkr1068. PMC 3315302. PMID 22121213.
Malyshev DA, Dhami K, Quach HT, Lavergne T, Ordoukhanian P, Torkamani A, Romesberg FE (July 2012). "Efficient and sequence-independent replication of DNA containing a third base pair establishes a functional six-letter genetic alphabet". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 109 (30): 12005–12010. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10912005M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1205176109. PMC 3409741. PMID 22773812.
Kimoto M, Kawai R, Mitsui T, Yokoyama S, Hirao I (February 2009). "An unnatural base pair system for efficient PCR amplification and functionalization of DNA molecules". Nucleic Acids Research. 37 (2): e14. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn956. PMC 2632903. PMID 19073696.
Malyshev DA, Dhami K, Lavergne T, Chen T, Dai N, Foster JM, et al. (May 2014). "A semi-synthetic organism with an expanded genetic alphabet". Nature. 509 (7500): 385–388. Bibcode:2014Natur.509..385M. doi:10.1038/nature13314. PMC 4058825. PMID 24805238.
Vendeix, FA; Munoz, AM; Agris, PF (December 2009). "Free energy calculation of modified base-pair formation in explicit solvent: A predictive model". RNA. 15 (12): 2278–87. doi:10.1261/rna.1734309. PMC 2779691. PMID 19861423.

rarediseases.info.nih.gov

"NIH ORDR – Glossary – C". Rarediseases.info.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 2012-07-17. Retrieved 2012-07-16.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Nuwer R (18 July 2015). "Counting All the DNA on Earth". The New York Times. New York. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2022-01-01. Retrieved 2015-07-18.
Pollack A (May 7, 2014). "Scientists Add Letters to DNA's Alphabet, Raising Hope and Fear". New York Times. Retrieved 8 May 2014.

qmul.ac.uk (Global: 1,735^th place; English: 3,129^th place)

iupac.qmul.ac.uk

IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (1970). "Abbreviations and symbols for nucleic acids, polynucleotides, and their constituents". Biochemistry. 9 (20): 4022–4027. doi:10.1021/bi00822a023.

rochester.edu (Global: 2,691^st place; English: 1,948^th place)

rna.urmc.rochester.edu

"Nearest Neighbor Database". 4 May 2024.

sandwalk.blogspot.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Moran LA (2011-03-24). "The total size of the human genome is very likely to be ~3,200 Mb". Sandwalk.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2012-07-16.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Cockburn AF, Newkirk MJ, Firtel RA (December 1976). "Organization of the ribosomal RNA genes of Dictyostelium discoideum: mapping of the nontranscribed spacer regions". Cell. 9 (4 Pt 1): 605–613. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(76)90043-X. PMID 1034500. S2CID 31624366.
Murphy FV, Ramakrishnan V (December 2004). "Structure of a purine-purine wobble base pair in the decoding center of the ribosome". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 11 (12): 1251–1252. doi:10.1038/nsmb866. PMID 15558050. S2CID 27022506.
Vargas-Rodriguez O, Musier-Forsyth K (June 2014). "Structural biology: wobble puts RNA on target". Nature. 510 (7506): 480–481. Bibcode:2014Natur.510..480V. doi:10.1038/nature13502. PMID 24919145. S2CID 205239383.
Hirao I, Ohtsuki T, Fujiwara T, Mitsui T, Yokogawa T, Okuni T, et al. (February 2002). "An unnatural base pair for incorporating amino acid analogs into proteins". Nature Biotechnology. 20 (2): 177–182. doi:10.1038/nbt0202-177. PMID 11821864. S2CID 22055476.
Hirao I, Kimoto M, Mitsui T, Fujiwara T, Kawai R, Sato A, et al. (September 2006). "An unnatural hydrophobic base pair system: site-specific incorporation of nucleotide analogs into DNA and RNA". Nature Methods. 3 (9): 729–735. doi:10.1038/nmeth915. PMID 16929319. S2CID 6494156.
Kimoto M, Yamashige R, Matsunaga K, Yokoyama S, Hirao I (May 2013). "Generation of high-affinity DNA aptamers using an expanded genetic alphabet". Nature Biotechnology. 31 (5): 453–457. doi:10.1038/nbt.2556. PMID 23563318. S2CID 23329867.

strategicgenomics.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The finished length of the human genome is 2.86 Gb". Strategicgenomics.com. 2006-06-12. Retrieved 2012-07-16.

theguardian.com (Global: 12^th place; English: 11^th place)

Sample I (May 7, 2014). "First life forms to pass on artificial DNA engineered by US scientists". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 May 2014.

utsandiego.com (Global: 3,547^th place; English: 2,005^th place)

Fikes BJ (May 8, 2014). "Life engineered with expanded genetic code". San Diego Union Tribune. Archived from the original on 9 May 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2014.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"The Biosphere: Diversity of Life". Aspen Global Change Institute. Basalt, CO. Archived from the original on 2014-11-10. Retrieved 2015-07-19.
"NIH ORDR – Glossary – C". Rarediseases.info.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 2012-07-17. Retrieved 2012-07-16.
Fikes BJ (May 8, 2014). "Life engineered with expanded genetic code". San Diego Union Tribune. Archived from the original on 9 May 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2014.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Spencer M (10 January 1959). "The stereochemistry of deoxyribonucleic acid. II. Hydrogen-bonded pairs of bases". Acta Crystallographica. 12 (1): 66–71. Bibcode:1959AcCry..12...66S. doi:10.1107/S0365110X59000160. ISSN 0365-110X.
Nuwer R (18 July 2015). "Counting All the DNA on Earth". The New York Times. New York. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2022-01-01. Retrieved 2015-07-18.
Takezawa Y, Müller J, Shionoya M (2017-05-05). "Artificial DNA Base Pairing Mediated by Diverse Metal Ions". Chemistry Letters. 46 (5): 622–633. doi:10.1246/cl.160985. ISSN 0366-7022.

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Base pair (English Wikipedia)

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